different between pledge vs pignus

English

Etymology

From Middle English plege, from Anglo-Norman plege, from Old French plege (Modern French pleige) from Medieval Latin plevium, plebium, from plebi? (“I pledge”), from Frankish *plehan (“to pledge; to support; to guarantee”). Akin to Old High German pflegan (“to take care of, be accustomed to”), Old Saxon plegan (“to vouch for”), Old English pl?on (“to risk, endanger”). More at plight.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pl?d?/
• Rhymes: -?d?

Verb

pledge (third-person singular simple present pledges, present participle pledging, simple past and past participle pledged)

1. To make a solemn promise (to do something).

2. To deposit something as a security; to pawn.
3. (transitive) To give assurance of friendship by the act of drinking; to drink to one's health.
   • 1773, Oliver Goldsmith, She Stoops to Conquer

     HARDCASTLE [Taking the cup.] I hope you'll find it to your mind. I have prepared it with my own hands, and I believe you'll own the ingredients are tolerable. Will you be so good as to pledge me, sir? Here, Mr. Marlow, here is to our better acquaintance. [Drinks.]

   • 1852, Matthew Arnold, Tristram and Iseult

     Reach me my golden cup that stands by thee,

     And pledge me in it first for courtesy.

Translations

Noun

pledge (plural pledges)

1. A solemn promise to do something.

   Synonym: commitment

   1. (with the) A promise to abstain from drinking alcohol.
2. (law) A bailment of personal property to secure payment of a debt without transfer of title.
   1. The personal property so pledged, to be kept until the debt is payed.

      Synonym: collateral

3. A person who has taken a pledge of allegiance to a college fraternity, but is not yet formally approved.
4. A drinking toast.

Derived terms

• antipledge, antipledging
• pledgeless

Translations

See also

• oath
• vow

English

Etymology

From Latin pignus.

Noun

pignus (plural pignora)

1. (law, obsolete, Ancient Rome) A pledge or pawn.

Anagrams

• gins up, pungis, sign up, signup, sing up, spuing

Latin

Etymology

Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *pey?- or *pey?-.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /?pi?.nus/, [?p??n?s?]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /?pi?.?us/, [?pi??us]

Noun

pignus n (genitive pignoris); third declension

1. pledge, mortgage
2. hostage
3. wager, stake

Declension

Third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem).

Derived terms

• pigner?

Descendants

• Albanian: peng
• Italian: pegno
• Mozarabic:

  Arabic: ??????????? (pennori)

  Hebrew: ???????????? (pennori)

• Piedmontese: pegn
• Portuguese: penhor
• Sicilian: pignu
• Spanish: peño, prenda (< pignora)
  • Portuguese: prenda

References

• pignus in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• pignus in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• pignus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• pignus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• pignus in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• pignus in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin