different between participle vs participial

English

Etymology

From Middle English participle, from Old French participle (1388), variant of participe, from Latin participium.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /p???t?s?p?l/
• (US) IPA^(key): /?p??t??s?p?l/

Noun

participle (plural participles)

1. (grammar) A form of a verb that may function as an adjective or noun. English has two types of participles: the present participle and the past participle. In other languages, there are others, such as future, perfect, and future perfect participles.

Usage notes

Participles can be combined with the auxiliary verbs have and be to form the perfect aspect, the progressive aspect, and the passive voice. The tense is always expressed through the auxiliary verb.

• I have asked. (present tense, perfect aspect)
• I am asking. (present tense, progressive aspect)
• I am asked. (present tense, passive voice)

When not combined with have or be, participles are almost always adjectives and can form adjectival phrases called participial phrases. Nouns can occasionally be derived from these adjectives:

• the following items
• the following
• the dying victims
• the dying

In English, participles typically end in -ing, -ed or -en.

A present participle ending in -ing has the same form but a different function from a verbal noun called a gerund. Sometimes a present participle (adjective) is mistakenly called a gerund (noun).

Hypernyms

• verbal

Hyponyms

• active participle
• future participle
• passive participle
• past participle
• perfect passive participle
• present participle

Translations

English

Etymology

From Latin participi?lis, from participium (“participle”).

Adjective

participial (not comparable)

1. (grammar) of, relating to, or being a participle

Translations

Noun

participial (plural participials)

1. (grammar) a participle

Quotations

• 1870, Raphael Kühner (original author), Samuel H. Taylor (English translator), An Elementary Grammar of the Greek Language, 20th ed., p. 75:

  […] the verb has two forms, which […] are called Participials, namely, (a) The Infinitv […] (b) The Participle […] .

Translations

Derived terms

• participialize
• participially

Related terms

• participle

French

Adjective

participial (feminine singular participiale, masculine plural participiaux, feminine plural participiales)

1. participial

Derived terms

• participialement

Portuguese

Adjective

participial m or f (plural participiais, comparable)

1. (grammar) participial (of or relating to a participle)

Romanian

Etymology

From French participial, from Latin participialis.

Adjective

participial m or n (feminine singular participial?, masculine plural participiali, feminine and neuter plural participiale)

1. participial

Declension