different between original vs radical

English

Etymology

From Middle English original, from Old French original, from Late Latin or?gin?lis (“primitive, original”), from Latin or?g? (“beginning, source, origin”); see origin.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /????d??n?l/, /????d??n?l/, /????d?n?l/
• Hyphenation: ori?gi?nal, orig?inal

Adjective

original (comparative more original, superlative most original)

1. (not comparable) relating to the origin or beginning; preceding all others
2. (not comparable) first in a series or copies/versions

   Synonym: initial

3. (not comparable) newly created

4. (comparable) fresh, different

5. (not comparable) pioneering

6. (not comparable) having as its origin

Synonyms

• autograph
• prototype

Antonyms

• (first in a series):
  • copy, reproduction, simile (imitation)
  • derivative (branch)
  • ultimate (last, extreme)

Derived terms

Related terms

Translations

Noun

original (plural originals)

1. An object or other creation (e.g. narrative work) from which all later copies and variations are derived.

   Synonym: prototype

   Hyponym: autograph

   Antonyms: copy, derivative, remake, reproduction, ultimate

2. A person with a unique and interesting personality or creative talent.
   • 1700, Tom Brown, Amusements Serious and Comical, calculated for the Meridian of London, page 5:

     I have a great mind to be in Print; but above all, I would fain be an Original, and that is a true Comical Thought: When all the Learned Men in the World are but Tran?lators, is it not a Plea?ant Je?t, that you ?hould ?trive to be an Original! You ?hould have ob?erved your Time, and have come into the World with the Ancient Greeks for that purpo?e; for the Latines them?elves are but Copies.

3. (archaic) An eccentric person.

Translations

Further reading

• original in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• original in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

Catalan

Etymology

From Latin or?gin?lis, attested from the 14th century.

Pronunciation

• (Balearic) IPA^(key): /o.?i.?i?nal/
• (Central) IPA^(key): /u.?i.?i?nal/
• (Valencian) IPA^(key): /o.?i.d??i?nal/

Adjective

original (masculine and feminine plural originals)

1. original

Derived terms

• originalitat
• originalment

Related terms

• origen

References

Further reading

• “original” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “original” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “original” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Danish

Adjective

original (neuter originalt, plural and definite singular attributive originale)

1. original

Noun

original c (singular definite originalen, plural indefinite originaler)

1. an original

Declension

Further reading

• “original” in Den Danske Ordbog
• “original” in Ordbog over det danske Sprog

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin or?gin?lis. Doublet of originel.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?.?i.?i.nal/
• Homophones: originale, originales

Adjective

original (feminine singular originale, masculine plural originaux, feminine plural originales)

1. original

   Antonyms: banal, copié, reproduit, vulgaire

Related terms

Noun

original m (plural originaux)

1. an unusual or eccentric person
2. an original manuscript

   Synonym: autographe

Further reading

• “original” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

German

Etymology

Borrowed from French original, from Old French original, from Late Latin or?gin?lis (“primitive, original”), from Latin or?g? (“beginning, source, origin”). Doublet of originell.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /o?i?i?na?l/
• Rhymes: -a?l

Adjective

original (comparative originaler, superlative am originalsten)

1. original

Declension

Related terms

Further reading

• “original” in Duden online

Middle English

Alternative forms

• oryginall, origynall, orygynal, orygynall, origynal, oryginal, oregynall, originalle, originall

Etymology

From Old French original, from Late Latin or?gin?lis; equivalent to origyne +? -al.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?ri?i?na?l/, /?ri?i?nal/, /?ri??i?nal/

Adjective

original (plural and weak singular originale)

1. original, primordial; preceding everything else
2. connected to the origin or beginning of something

Derived terms

• originali

Descendants

• English: original
• Scots: original, oreeginal

References

• “or???in??l(e, adj.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2019-02-26.

Noun

original (plural originals) (Late Middle English)

1. the origin, lineage, or provenance of something
2. the authoritative, authorial, or primordial version of a work or source
3. (rare) something that isn't living or artificial; a primordial element
4. (rare) a reason, factor, or generator of something
5. (rare) the root or etymological ancestor of a word
6. (rare, religion) the making of the universe
7. (rare, law) a legal document beginning legal action

Derived terms

• originali

Descendants

• English: original
• Scots: original, oreeginal

References

• “or???in??l(e, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2019-02-26.

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Latin or?gin?lis; the noun being derived from the adjective.

Adjective

original (neuter singular originalt, definite singular and plural originale)

1. original

Noun

original m (definite singular originalen, indefinite plural originaler, definite plural originalene)

1. an original

References

• “original” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Latin or?gin?lis; the noun being derived from the adjective.

Adjective

original (neuter singular originalt, definite singular and plural originale)

1. original

Noun

original m (definite singular originalen, indefinite plural originalar, definite plural originalane)

1. an original

References

• “original” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Occitan

Etymology

From Latin or?gin?lis.

Adjective

original m (feminine singular originala, masculine plural originals, feminine plural originalas)

1. original

Derived terms

• originalitat
• originalament

Related terms

• origina

Portuguese

Etymology

From Latin or?gin?lis.

Pronunciation

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /o?i?i?naw/
• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /u???i?na?/, /??i?i?na?/
• Hyphenation: o?ri?gi?nal

Adjective

original m or f (plural originais, comparable)

1. original (relating to the origin or beginning)
2. original (being the first in a series)
3. original (different; unique)

Derived terms

• originalidade
• originalmente

Related terms

• origem

Further reading

• “original” in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa.
• “original” in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa.

Serbo-Croatian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ori??na?l/
• Hyphenation: o?ri?gi?nal

Noun

origìn?l m (Cyrillic spelling ?????????)

1. original

   Antonym: falsifikat

Declension

Spanish

Etymology

From Latin or?gin?lis.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /o?ixi?nal/, [o.?i.xi?nal]
• Hyphenation: o?ri?gi?nal

Adjective

original (plural originales)

1. original

Derived terms

Related terms

Further reading

• “original” in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014.

English

Etymology

From French radical, from Late Latin r?d?c?lis (“of or pertaining to the root, having roots, radical”), from Latin r?dix (“root”); see radix.

Pronunciation

• enPR: r?d??k-?l, IPA^(key): /??æd?k?l/
• Homophone: radicle

Adjective

radical (comparative more radical, superlative most radical)

1. Favoring fundamental change, or change at the root cause of a matter.

2. (botany, not comparable) Pertaining to a root (of a plant).
3. Pertaining to the basic or intrinsic nature of something.
   • 1790, Edmund Burke, Reflections on the Revolution in France

     The most determined exertions of that authority, against them, only showed their radical independence.

   Synonym: fundamental

   Antonyms: ignorable, trivial

4. Thoroughgoing; far-reaching.

5. (lexicography, not comparable) Of or pertaining to the root of a word.
6. (phonology, phonetics, not comparable, of a sound) Produced using the root of the tongue.

   Coordinate terms: coronal, dorsal, labial, laryngeal

7. (chemistry, not comparable) Involving free radicals.
8. (mathematics) Relating to a radix or mathematical root.

9. (slang, 1980s & 1990s) Excellent; awesome.

Synonyms

• (linguistics, in reference to words): primitive

Antonyms

• (linguistics, in reference to words): derivative, derived

Derived terms

Related terms

Translations

Noun

radical (plural radicals)

1. (historical, 19th-century Britain) A member of the most progressive wing of the Liberal Party; someone favouring social reform (but generally stopping short of socialism).
2. (historical, early 20th-century France) A member of an influential, centrist political party favouring moderate social reform, a republican constitution, and secular politics.
3. A person with radical opinions.
4. (arithmetic) A root (of a number or quantity).
6. (linguistics) In logographic writing systems such as the Chinese writing system, the portion of a character (if any) that provides an indication of its meaning, as opposed to phonetic.
7. (linguistics) In Semitic languages, any one of the set of consonants (typically three) that make up a root.
8. (chemistry) A group of atoms, joined by covalent bonds, that take part in reactions as a single unit.
9. (organic chemistry) A free radical.
10. (algebra, commutative algebra, ring theory, of an ideal) Given an ideal I in a commutative ring R, another ideal, denoted Rad(I) or ${\displaystyle {\sqrt {I}}}$, such that an element x ? R is in Rad(I) if, for some positive integer n, xⁿ ? I; equivalently, the intersection of all prime ideals containing I.
11. (algebra, ring theory, of a ring) Given a ring R, an ideal containing elements of R that share a property considered, in some sense, "not good".
12. (algebra, ring theory, of a module) The intersection of maximal submodules of a given module.
13. (number theory) The product of the distinct prime factors of a given positive integer.

Derived terms

Related terms

• nilradical

Translations

References

• radical in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• radical in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
• "radical" in Raymond Williams, Keywords (revised), 1983, Fontana Press, page 251.

Further reading

• Radical on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Radical of an ideal on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Radical of a ring on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Radical of a module on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Radical of an integer on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Radical of an ideal on Encyclopedia of Mathematics
• Ideal Radical on Wolfram MathWorld

Anagrams

• aldaric, cardial

Catalan

Pronunciation

• (Balearic, Central) IPA^(key): /r?.di?kal/
• (Valencian) IPA^(key): /ra.di?kal/

Adjective

radical (masculine and feminine plural radicals)

1. radical

Derived terms

• radicalment
• radicalisme
• radicalitzar

Noun

radical m or f (plural radicals)

1. radical

Further reading

• “radical” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “radical” in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana.
• “radical” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “radical” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Late Latin r?d?c?lis.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?a.di.kal/
• Rhymes: -al
• Homophones: radicale, radicales

Adjective

radical (feminine singular radicale, masculine plural radicaux, feminine plural radicales)

1. radical

Noun

radical m (plural radicaux)

1. (linguistics, grammar) radical, root

Further reading

• “radical” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Galician

Pronunciation

Noun

radical m (plural radicais)

1. radical (in various senses)

Derived terms

• radicalismo
• radicalizar
• radicalmente

Further reading

• “radical” in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega, Royal Galician Academy.

Portuguese

Pronunciation

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /?ad??i?kaw/
• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /??ði?ka?/
• Hyphenation: ra?di?cal

Noun

radical m (plural radicais)

1. (linguistic morphology) root (primary lexical unit of a word)

   Synonym: raiz

Noun

radical m, f (plural radicais)

1. radical (person holding unorthodox views)

   Synonym: extremista

Adjective

radical m or f (plural radicais, comparable)

1. radical (favouring fundamental change)
2. drastic; extreme
3. (Brazil, slang) excellent; awesome; thrilling
4. (sports) extreme (dangerous)

Derived terms

• radicalismo
• radicalizar
• radicalmente

Further reading

• “radical” in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa.

Romanian

Adjective

radical m or n (feminine singular radical?, masculine plural radicali, feminine and neuter plural radicale)

1. radical

Declension

Related terms

• radicalist
• radicaliza

Spanish

Etymology

From Latin r?d?c?lis or Latin r?d?x + Spanish suffix -al.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /radi?kal/, [ra.ð?i?kal]
• Hyphenation: ra?di?cal

Adjective

radical (plural radicales)

1. radical, seismic

Derived terms

• radicalismo
• radicalizar
• radicalmente

Noun

radical m (plural radicales)

1. radical

Derived terms

Further reading

• “radical” in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014.