different between order vs antecedence

English

Alternative forms

• ordre (obsolete)

Etymology

From Middle English ordre, from Old French ordre, ordne, ordene (“order, rank”), from Latin ?rdinem, accusative of ?rd? (“row, rank, regular arrangement”, literally “row of threads in a loom”), from Proto-Italic *ored-, *oreð- (“to arrange”), of unknown origin. Related to Latin ?rdior (“begin”, literally “begin to weave”). In sense “request for purchase”, compare bespoke. Doublet of ordo.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /???d?/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /???d?/, [?????]
• (Indian English) IPA^(key): /???d?(r)/
• Rhymes: -??(?)d?(?)
• Hyphenation: or?der

Noun

order (countable and uncountable, plural orders)

1. (countable) Arrangement, disposition, or sequence.

2. (countable) A position in an arrangement, disposition, or sequence.
   • 1897, T. L. Heath (translator), Eutocius of Ascalon, Extract from a commentary by Eutocius, quoted in 1897 [CUP], T. L. Heath (editor), The Works of Archimedes, 2002, Dover, unnumbered page,

     His attempt I shall also give in its order.
3. (uncountable) The state of being well arranged.

4. (countable) Conformity with law or decorum; freedom from disturbance; general tranquillity; public quiet.

5. (countable) A command.
6. (countable) A request for some product or service; a commission to purchase, sell, or supply goods.
7. (countable) A group of religious adherents, especially monks or nuns, set apart within their religion by adherence to a particular rule or set of principles.

8. (countable) An association of knights.

9. Any group of people with common interests.
10. (countable) A decoration, awarded by a government, a dynastic house, or a religious body to an individual, usually for distinguished service to a nation or to humanity.
11. (countable, biology, taxonomy) A category in the classification of organisms, ranking below class and above family; a taxon at that rank.

12. A number of things or persons arranged in a fixed or suitable place, or relative position; a rank; a row; a grade; especially, a rank or class in society; a distinct character, kind, or sort.
    • 1650, Jeremy Taylor, The Rule and Exercises of Holy Living

      They are in equal order to their several ends.

    • 1726, George Granville, The British Enchanters

      Various orders various ensigns bear.

    • […] which, to his order of mind, must have seemed little short of crime.

13. (Christianity) An ecclesiastical rank or position, usually for the sake of ministry, (especially, when plural) holy orders.

14. (architecture) The disposition of a column and its component parts, and of the entablature resting upon it, in classical architecture; hence (since the column and entablature are the characteristic features of classical architecture) a style or manner of architectural design.
15. (cricket) The sequence in which a side’s batsmen bat; the batting order.
16. (electronics) A power of polynomial function in an electronic circuit’s block, such as a filter, an amplifier, etc.

17. (chemistry) The overall power of the rate law of a chemical reaction, expressed as a polynomial function of concentrations of reactants and products.
18. (set theory) The cardinality, or number of elements in a set, group, or other structure regardable as a set.
    • 1911 [Cambridge University Press], William Burnside, Theory of Groups of Finite Order, 2nd Edition, Reprint, Dover (Dover Phoenix), 2004, page 222,

      In this case, the conjugate set contains n(n ? 1)/x(x ? 1) distinct sub-groups of order m, and H is therefore self-conjugate in a group K of order x(x ? l)m.

    • 2000, Michael Aschbacher, Finite Group Theory, Cambridge University Press, 2nd Edition, page 260,

      For various reasons it turns out to be better to enlarge this set of invariants to include suitable normalizers of subgroups of odd prime order.

19. (group theory, of an element of a group) For given group G and element g ? G, the smallest positive natural number n, if it exists, such that (using multiplicative notation), gⁿ = e, where e is the identity element of G; if no such number exists, the element is said to be of infinite order (or sometimes zero order).
    • 1997, Frank Celler, C. R. Leedham-Green, Calculating the Order of an Invertible Matrix, Larry Finkelstein, William M. Kantor (editors), Groups and Computation II, American Mathematical Society, page 55,

      The object of this note is to observe that it is possible to calculate the order of an element ${\displaystyle A}$ of ${\displaystyle G={\mathit {GL}}(d,q)}$ on average using ${\displaystyle O(d^{3}{\mathsf {log}}\ q)}$ field operations, assuming that ${\displaystyle q^{i}-1}$ has been factorised for ${\displaystyle i\leq d}$.

    • 1999, A. Ehrenfeucht, T. Harju, G. Rozenberg, The Theory of 2-structures, World Scientific, page 15,

      If ${\displaystyle \Delta }$ is a finite group, its cardinality is called the order of ${\displaystyle \Delta }$. The order of an element ${\displaystyle a\in \Delta }$ is defined as the smallest nonnegative integer ${\displaystyle n}$ such that ${\displaystyle a^{n}=1_{\Delta }}$. The second case of the following result is known as Cauchy's theorem.

      Theorem 1.10 Let ${\displaystyle \Delta }$ be a finite group.

      (i) The order of an element ${\displaystyle a\in \Delta }$ divides the order ${\displaystyle |\Delta |}$ of the group.

      (ii) If a prime number ${\displaystyle p}$ divides ${\displaystyle |\Delta |}$, then there exists an element ${\displaystyle a\in \Delta }$ of order ${\displaystyle p}$.

    • 2010, A. R. Vasishta, A. K. Vasishta, Modern Algebra, Krishna Prakashan Media, 60th Edition, page 180,

      Since in a finite group the order of an element must be a divisor of the order of the group, therefore o (a) cannot be 3 and so we must have o (a)=4=the order of the group G.

20. (graph theory) The number of vertices in a graph.
21. (order theory) A partially ordered set.
22. (order theory) The relation on a partially ordered set that determines that it is, in fact, a partially ordered set.
23. (algebra) The sum of the exponents on the variables in a monomial, or the highest such among all monomials in a polynomial.

24. (finance) A written direction to furnish someone with money or property; compare money order, postal order.
    • 1763, James Boswell, in Gordon Turnbull (ed.), London Journal 1762–1763, Penguin 2014, p. 233:

      I then walked to Cochrane's & got an order on Sir Charles Asgill for my money.

Quotations

• 1611, Bible, King James Version, Luke, 1:i:

  Forasmuch as many have taken in hand to set forth in order a declaration of those things which are most surely believed among us […] .

• 1973, Donald Knuth, The Art of Computer Programming, Volume 3: Sorting and Searching, Addison-Wesley, chapter 8:

  Since only two of our tape drives were in working order, I was ordered to order more tape units in short order, in order to order the data several orders of magnitude faster.

Synonyms

• (taxonomy): ordo

Antonyms

• chaos

Hypernyms

• denomination

Hyponyms

Derived terms

Related terms

Translations

See also

• Appendix:Glossary of order theory

Further reading

• order on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Order (group theory) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Cauchy's theorem (group theory) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Lagrange's theorem (group theory) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• (taxonomy): Taxonomic rank#Ranks in botany on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Verb

order (third-person singular simple present orders, present participle ordering, simple past and past participle ordered)

1. (transitive) To set in some sort of order.

2. (transitive) To arrange, set in proper order.

3. (transitive) To issue a command to.

4. (transitive) To request some product or service; to secure by placing an order.

5. To admit to holy orders; to ordain; to receive into the ranks of the ministry.

   • persons presented to be ordered deacons

Conjugation

Synonyms

• (arrange into some sort of order): sort, rank
• (issue a command): command

Derived terms

Translations

Related terms

• ordain
• orderly
• ordinal
• ordinary

Anagrams

• Doerr, Roder, derro, ordre

Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed from Middle French ordre.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??r.d?r/
• Hyphenation: or?der

Noun

order m or f or n (plural orders)

1. order (command)
2. order (request for product or service)

Derived terms

• dagorder
• legerorder
• orderbrief
• postorder

German

Verb

order

1. inflection of ordern:
   1. first-person singular present
   2. singular imperative

Indonesian

Etymology

From Dutch order, from from Old French ordre, ordne, ordene (“order, rank”), from Latin ?rdinem, accusative of ?rd? (“row, rank, regular arrangement”, literally “row of threads in a loom”). Doublet of orde and ordo.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [??r.d?r]
• Hyphenation: or?dêr

Noun

ordêr (first-person possessive orderku, second-person possessive ordermu, third-person possessive ordernya)

1. order,
   1. a command.
   2. a request for some product or service; a commission to purchase, sell, or supply goods.

      Synonym: pesanan

Derived terms

Further reading

• “order” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Daring, Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 2016.

Polish

Etymology

From Old French ordre, ordne, ordene (“order, rank”), from Latin ?rdinem, accusative of ?rd? (“row, rank, regular arrangement”, literally “row of threads in a loom”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??r.d?r/

Noun

order m inan (diminutive orderek, augmentative orderzysko)

1. order (decoration awarded by government or other authority)

   Synonym: odznaczenie

Declension

Derived terms

• (verbs) orderowa?, uorderowa?, wyorderowa?
• (nouns) orderowiec, orderomania
• (adjective) orderowy

Related terms

• (noun) ordereczek

Further reading

• order in Wielki s?ownik j?zyka polskiego, Instytut J?zyka Polskiego PAN
• order in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Swedish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??rd?r/

Noun

order c

1. an order; a command
2. an order; a request for some product or service

Declension

Hyponyms

See also

• orden

Anagrams

• roder

English

Etymology

From Latin antec?dentia from Latin antec?d?ns (“preceding”), from antec?d? (“go before”).

Noun

antecedence (countable and uncountable, plural antecedences)

1. The relationship of preceding something in time or order.

   Synonyms: precedence, priority; see also Thesaurus:anteriority

   Antonyms: subsequence; see also Thesaurus:posteriority

   • 1546, George Joye, The Refutation of the Byshop of Winchesters Derke Declaration of His False Articles, London: J. Herford, p. lxi,^[2]

     […] your […] darke argument […] is this breifly in fewe wordes. The office […] of charite is to geue life ergo charitie iustifieth. […] But what and if I denye your antecedence, and proue it by scripture, that faith and not loue is the lyfe of the iustified.

   • 1651, Thomas Hobbes, Leviathan, London: Andrew Crooke, “Of Man,” Chapter 12, p. 52,^[3]

     […] whereas there is no other Felicity of Beasts, but the enjoying of their quotidian Food, Ease, and Lusts; as having little, or no foresight of the time to come, for want of observation, and memory of the order, consequence, and dependance of the things they see; Man observeth how one Event hath been produced by another; and remembreth in them Antecedence and Consequence;

   • 1855, Herbert Spencer, The Principles of Psychology, § 33, p. 129,^[4]

     […] we are concerned with those relations of antecedence or sequence which it is impossible to think of as other than we know them.

   • 1965, Grahame Clark and Stuart Piggott, Prehistoric Societies, New York: Knopf, Chapter 8, p. 165,^[5]

     […] the phrase ‘Pre-pottery Neolithic’ has been coined, but this clumsy term carries with it an implication of antecedence to all pottery-using cultures, which is misleading, as such cultures were sometimes only locally without pottery as a cultural trait in areas where potter-making existed in close proximity.

2. That which precedes something or someone (e.g. prior events, origin, ancestry).
   • 1858, Thomas Carlyle, History of Friedrich the Second, New York: Harper, Volume 2, Book 10, Chapter 2, p. 461,^[6]

     […] it is pleasantly notable […] with what desperate intensity, vigilance, and fierceness Madame watches over all his interests, and liabilities, and casualties great and small, leaping with her whole force into M. de Voltaire’s scale of the balance, careless of antecedences and consequences alike; flying with the spirit of an angry brood-hen, at the face of mastiffs in defense of any feather that is M. de Voltaire’s.

   • 1988, Rupert Christiansen, Romantic Affinities, New York: Putnam, Select Bibliography, p. 253,^[7]

     The literature on the French Revolution and its antecedence is vast.

   • 1993, Vikram Seth, A Suitable Boy, Boston: Little, Brown, 17.22,^[8]

     The child she had conceived in terror, had carried in shame, and had borne in pain had been given the name of that paradisal spring which could, if anything could, wash antecedence into non-existence and torment into calm.

   • 2010, Howard Jacobson, The Finkler Question, New York: Bloomsbury, Chapter 11, p. 271,^[9]

     He had at no time been sympathetic to Tyler’s Jewish aspirations. He didn’t need to be married to a Jew. He was Jew enough — at least in his antecedence — for both of them.

3. The length of time by which one event or time period precedes another.
   • 1851, John Richardson, Arctic Searching Expedition, London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, Volume 2, Appendix, No. 2, pp. 239-240,^[10]

     The average antecedence of spring phenomena at Carlton House to their occurrence at Cumberland House is between a fortnight and three weeks.

   • 1949, William Scott Ferguson, “Orgeonika” in Commemorative Studies in Honor of Theodore Leslie Shear, Hesperia Supplement VIII, reprint, Amsterdam: Swets & Zeitlinger, 1975, p. 146,^[11]

     […] the following year would have shown an antecedence of the conciliar year over the civil of […] fourteen days.

4. (grammar) The relationship between a pronoun and its antecedent.
   • 1895, Austin Phelps and Henry Allyn Frink, Rhetoric: Its Theory and Practice, New York: Scribner, Chapter 13, p. 109,^[12]

     Sometimes this defect amounts to a blundering obliviousness of all antecedence. The following tearful reproof was given by a judge of the State of New York to a prisoner just convicted: “ […] nature has endowed you with a good education and respectable family connections, instead of which you go around the country stealing ducks.”

   • 1941, John B. Opdycke, Harper’s English Grammar, New York: Popular Library, 1965, Part 1, Chapter 2, p. 52,^[13]

     The pronouns who and which and what, used interrogatively, […] may refer to a word or to words in the answer to a question, but their antecedence may be indefinite or unrevealed, even after the answer is given.

5. (geology) A geologic process that explains how and why antecedent rivers can cut through mountain systems instead of going around them.
   • 2005, Wallace R. Hansen, The Geologic Story of the Uinta Mountains, Guilford, CT: Falcon, 2nd ed., p. 26,^[14]

     Speculation as to how the Green River established its course across the Uinta Mountains led Powell to introduce such terms as “superposition” and “antecedence” to identify processes by which streams are able to establish and maintain courses across mountain barriers.

6. (astronomy, obsolete) An apparent motion of a planet toward the west.

   Synonym: retrogradation

Synonyms

• antecedency

Related terms

• antecede
• antecedent
• antecedently
• antecessor (obsolete)

Translations

References

Further reading

• Samuel Johnson (15 April 1755) , “Antece?dence”, in A Dictionary of the English Language: […] In Two Volumes, volume I (A–K), London: […] J[ohn] and P[aul] Knapton; […], OCLC 1637325, column 2: “The act or ?tate of going before; precedence.”