different between num vs dum

English

Alternative forms

• num.

Noun

num (plural nums)

1. Abbreviation of number.
2. (grammar) Abbreviation of numeral.

Anagrams

• Mun, Mun., mun, nmu

Afar

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /num/

Noun

num m 

1. man, male

   Synonym: labháytu

2. person

Derived terms

• numóyta (diminutive)

References

• Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2015) L’afar: description grammaticale d’une langue couchitique (Djibouti, Erythrée et Ethiopie)?^[1], Paris: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (doctoral thesis)

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *n? (“now”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /num/, [n???]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /num/, [num]

Adverb

num (not comparable)

1. now (only in the phrase etiam num)
2. (in a direct question) a particle usually expecting a negation

   Num Sparta insula est? — Non est insula.

   Sparta's not an island, is it? — No, it's not.

3. (in an indirect question) whether

Derived terms

• numne
• numquid
• nunc

See also

• n?nne

References

• num in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• num in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• num in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book?^[2], London: Macmillan and Co.

Livonian

Etymology

Akin to Finnish nummi.

Noun

num

1. heather

Old French

Noun

num m (oblique plural nuns, nominative singular nuns, nominative plural num)

1. Alternative form of nom

Portuguese

Pronunciation

• (Portugal, Brazil) IPA^(key): /n?/
• Rhymes: -?

Etymology 1

Contraction

num m (plural nuns, feminine numa, feminine plural numas)

1. Contraction of em um (“in a”).

Usage notes

The contraction is never obligatory and sometimes avoided in formal written Brazilian Portuguese.

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:num.

Etymology 2

Adverb

num (not comparable)

1. Eye dialect spelling of não.
   • 1871, Júlio César Machado, Da Loucura e das Manias em Portugal, Estudos Humoristicos, Livraria de A. M. Pereira, page 18:

     Eu num estou doido […] !

     I'm not crazy […] !

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:num.

References

Romansch

Alternative forms

• nom (Surmiran, Puter, Vallader)

Etymology

From Latin n?men, from Proto-Indo-European *h?nómn? (“name”).

Noun

num m (plural nums)

1. (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan) name

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /d?m/
• Homophone: dumb
• Rhymes: -?m

Etymology 1

From Hindi ?? (dam).

Adjective

dum (not comparable)

1. (India, cooking) cooked with steam

Etymology 2

Interjection

dum

1. Syllable used when humming a tune.
   • 2012, Graeme Burk, Robert Smith, Who is the Doctor

     I like to hang out with friends and travel the world. But if there's one thing I really love, it's Doctor Who. Dum de dum, dum de dum, dum de dum. Whooo-eee-oooo dum de dum, de dum de dum.

Etymology 3

Adjective

dum

1. (nonstandard, humorous) Alternative spelling of dumb.

Anagrams

• DMU, MUD, UMD, mud

Danish

Etymology

From Old Norse dumbr (“dumb”), and in the main sense stupid from German dumm. Both from Proto-Germanic *dumbaz, from Proto-Indo-European *d?ewb?-. Compare Norwegian and Swedish dum, Icelandic dumbur, English dumb, Low German dumm, Dutch dom, German dumm.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dom/, [d??m?]
• Rhymes: -?m

Adjective

dum

1. stupid, dense, dumb, thick, dim
2. foolish, silly, daft

Inflection

Esperanto

Etymology

From Latin dum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dum/
• Hyphenation: dum
• Audio:

Preposition

dum

1. for

2. during
3. while
4. whereas

Ido

Etymology

From Esperanto dum, from Latin dum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dum/

Preposition

dum

1. during, in (a period of time)

Derived terms

• dume (“meanwhile, meantime”)

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *dom, from Proto-Indo-European *dom.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /dum/, [d????]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /dum/, [d?um]

Conjunction

dum

1. while, whilst, as, meanwhile

2. until, long enough for (with subjunctive)
3. as long as

4. so long as, provided that
5. during (before a verbal substantive)

Usage notes

Most often used with the present indicative forms of verbs.

Derived terms

References

• dum in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• dum in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• dum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book?^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
• dum in Ramminger, Johann (accessed 16 July 2016) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700?^[2], pre-publication website, 2005-2016

Maia

Adjective

dum

1. wet

Middle English

Adjective

dum

1. Alternative form of dumb

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Old Norse dumbr, from Proto-Germanic *dumbaz, from Proto-Indo-European *d?ewb?-. Compare English dumb, Danish dum and Swedish dum, Icelandic dumbur, Dutch dom, German dumm.

Adjective

dum (neuter singular dumt, definite singular and plural dumme, comparative dummere, indefinite superlative dummest, definite superlative dummeste)

1. foolish
2. stupid, silly

Derived terms

• dumhet

References

• “dum” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old Norse dumbr, from Proto-Germanic *dumbaz, from Proto-Indo-European *d?ewb?-.

Adjective

dum (neuter singular dumt, definite singular and plural dumme, comparative dummare, indefinite superlative dummast, definite superlative dummaste)

1. foolish
2. stupid, silly

References

• “dum” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old French

Alternative forms

• dun

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

dum m

1. down, feathers of small birds used as insulation material in duvets and sleeping bags

Descendants

• Middle French: dun
• Norman: dùn
• ? Old French: dumet, dumect
  • Norman: dumet, deumet
  • ? Old French: duvet
    • Middle French: duvet
      • French: duvet
        • ? English: duvet
    • Norman: duvet

Old Irish

Noun

dum

1. Alternative form of daum

Mutation

Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dum/

Noun

dum f

1. genitive plural of duma

Portuguese

Alternative forms

• d'um (dated)

Etymology

From earlier d'um, from de (“of”) + um (“a”, masculine singular indefinite article).

Pronunciation

• (Portugal, Brazil) IPA^(key): /d?/
• (Portugal, following an oral sound) IPA^(key): [ð?]
• Rhymes: -?

Contraction

dum m (feminine duma, masculine plural duns, feminine plural dumas)

1. Contraction of de um (“pertaining or relating to a”).; of a; from a (masculine singular)

Usage notes

The contraction of de + um / uma is never obligatory and sometimes associated with spoken language. In a few cases it is not possible:

1. When de is part of a preposition, as in em vez de:

   Em vez de um escalão ter três anos, ...

2. When um is a numeral:

   Trata-se de um ou dois dias.

References

Saterland Frisian

Etymology

From Old Frisian dumb, from Proto-Germanic *dumbaz. More at dumb.

Adjective

dum

1. stupid; dumb

   Synonym: hoolich

Derived terms

• Dumstolt

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Swedish dumber, from Old Norse dumbr, from Proto-Germanic *dumbaz, from Proto-Indo-European *d?ewb?-. Compare Norwegian dumb, Danish dum, Icelandic dumbur, English dumb, Dutch dom and German dumm.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?d?m?/

Adjective

dum (comparative dummare, superlative dummast)

1. stupid, dumb
2. (childish) mean, cruel

Declension

Uzbek

Etymology

From Persian ??? (dom)

Noun

dum (plural dumlar)

1. tail