different between modern vs rare

English

Etymology

From Middle French moderne, from Late Latin modernus; from Latin modo (“just now”), originally ablative of modus (“measure”); hence, by measure, "just now". See also mode.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?m?d(?)n/
• (General American) enPR: m?d??rn, IPA^(key): /?m?d?n/
• Rhymes: -?d?(?)n
• Hyphenation: mod?ern

Adjective

modern (comparative moderner or more modern, superlative modernest or most modern)

1. Pertaining to a current or recent time and style; not ancient.
   • 2018, Timothy Snyder, "How Did the Nazis Gain Power in Germany?", The New York Times, June 14, 2018

     In fact, he had created the conditions for the great horror of modern times.
2. (historical) Pertaining to the modern period (c.1800 to contemporary times), particularly in academic historiography.

Synonyms

• (pertaining to current or recent time): contemporary, current; see also Thesaurus:present

Antonyms

• (pertaining to current or recent time): ancient, dated, former, historical, old, old-fashioned
• (pertaining to the modern period): premodern

Derived terms

Related terms

• moderne
• Modernisme
• modernus

Translations

Noun

modern (plural moderns)

1. Someone who lives in modern times.

   • The only supernatural agents which can in any manner be allowed to us moderns, are ghosts; but of these I would advise an author to be extremely sparing.

   • 1779, Edward Capell, John Collins, Notes and various readings to Shakespeare

     What the moderns could mean by their suppression of the final couplet's repeatings, cannot be conceiv'd […]

   • 1930, G. K. Chesterton, The Resurrection of Rome

     They at least had the immense and mighty imagination of which I speak; they could unthink the past. They could uncreate the Fall. With a reverence which moderns might think impudence, they could uncreate the Creation.

   • 1956, John Albert Wilson, The Culture of Ancient Egypt (page 144)

     Even though we moderns can never crawl inside the skin of the ancient and think and feel as he did […] we must as historians make the attempt.

References

• Douglas Harper (2001–2021) , “modern”, in Online Etymology Dictionary
• modern at OneLook Dictionary Search
• modern in Keywords for Today: A 21st Century Vocabulary, edited by The Keywords Project, Colin MacCabe, Holly Yanacek, 2018.
• "modern" in Raymond Williams, Keywords (revised), 1983, Fontana Press, page 208.
• modern in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
• modern in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.

Anagrams

• Morden, Redmon, morned, nerdom, normed, rodmen

Catalan

Etymology

From Latin modernus.

Pronunciation

• (Balearic, Valencian) IPA^(key): /mo?d??n/
• (Central) IPA^(key): /mu?d?rn/

Adjective

modern (feminine moderna, masculine plural moderns, feminine plural modernes)

1. modern

Derived terms

Further reading

• “modern” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “modern” in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana.
• “modern” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “modern” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed from Middle French moderne, from Latin modernus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /mo??d?rn/
• Hyphenation: mo?dern
• Rhymes: -?rn

Adjective

modern (comparative moderner, superlative modernst)

1. modern
2. (historical, Protestantism) modernist

   Synonym: modernistisch

Inflection

Derived terms

• hypermodern
• moderniseren
• modernisme, modernist, moderniste
• moderniteit
• postmodern, postmodernisme, postmodernist, postmoderniste

Descendants

• ? Indonesian: modern

German

Etymology 1

From Moder (“moldiness”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?mo?d?n/

Verb

modern (weak, third-person singular present modert, past tense moderte, past participle gemodert, auxiliary haben)

1. to rot, to molder

Conjugation

Etymology 2

From French moderne, from Latin modernus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /mo?d??n/

Adjective

modern (comparative moderner, superlative am modernsten)

1. modern
2. state-of-the-art

Declension

Derived terms

• Modernismus

Hungarian

Etymology

From English modern and German modern, from French moderne, from Medieval Latin modernus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?mod?rn]
• Hyphenation: mo?dern
• Rhymes: -?rn

Adjective

modern (comparative modernebb, superlative legmodernebb)

1. modern

   Synonym: korszer?

Declension

References

Further reading

• modern in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh: A magyar nyelv értelmez? szótára (’The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: ?ISBN

Hunsrik

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /mo?t?n/

Adjective

modern

1. modern

Declension

Further reading

• Online Hunsrik Dictionary

Indonesian

Etymology

From Dutch modern, from Middle French moderne, from Latin modernus, from modo (“just now”), originally ablative of modus (“measure”); hence, by measure, "just now". Doublet of mode, model, modul, and modus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [mo?d?r(??)n]
• Hyphenation: mo?dèrn

Adjective

modèrn

1. modern.

   Synonyms: terbaru, mutakhir

Noun

modèrn (first-person possessive modernku, second-person possessive modernmu, third-person possessive modernnya)

1. modern.

Alternative forms

• moden (Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore)
• moderen (nonstandard Indonesian)

Derived terms

Related terms

Further reading

• “modern” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Daring, Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 2016.

Romanian

Etymology

From French moderne.

Adjective

modern m or n (feminine singular modern?, masculine plural moderni, feminine and neuter plural moderne)

1. modern

Declension

Swedish

Etymology 1

From French moderne, from Late Latin modernus.

Pronunciation

Adjective

modern (comparative modernare, superlative modernast)

1. modern; pertaining to current style

Declension

Related terms

• modernisera
• modernism
• modernistisk

Etymology 2

See the etymology of moder.

Noun

modern

1. definite singular of moder
2. definite singular of mor

Anagrams

• morden

English

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /???(?)/
• (Irish) IPA^(key): [???]
• (General American, Canada) IPA^(key): /????/, /???/

• Rhymes: -??(r)

Etymology 1

From Middle English rare, from Old French rare, rere (“rare, uncommon”), from Latin r?rus (“loose, spaced apart, thin, infrequent”), from Proto-Indo-European *er(e)-, *r?- (“friable, thin”). Replaced native Middle English gesen (“rare, scarce”) (from Old English g?sne), Middle English seld (“rare, uncommon”) (from Old English selden), and Middle English seldscene (“rare, rarely seen, infrequent”) (from Old English selds?ne; see seldsome).

Adjective

rare (comparative rarer, superlative rarest)

1. Very uncommon; scarce.

   Synonyms: scarce, selcouth, seld, seldsome, selly, geason, uncommon; see also Thesaurus:rare

   Antonyms: common, frequent; see also Thesaurus:common
2. (of a gas) Thin; of low density.
3. (Britain, slang) Good; enjoyable.
   • 1981, Chris Difford (lyrics), Glenn Tilbrook (vocal), "Vanity Fair" (song):

     Sees her reflection in a butcher shop.

     She finds it all quite rare

     That her meat's all vanity fair.

Derived terms

• rare bird
• rare earth mineral

Related terms

• rarity

Translations

Noun

rare (plural rares)

1. (gaming) A scarce or uncommon item.
   • 1995, George Baxter, Larry W. Smith, Mastering Magic Cards (page 116)

     Most of the time, you do this by trading low-valued rares for more valuable ones or trading uncommons for rares. Other times it's trading cards that are in print for ones that are out of print, or low-value rares for good uncommons.

Etymology 2

From a dialectal variant of rear, from Middle English rere, from Old English hr?r, hr?re (“not thoroughly cooked, underdone, lightly boiled”), from hr?ran (“to move, shake, agitate”), from Proto-Germanic *hr?zijan? (“to stir”), from Proto-Indo-European *?roHs- (“to mix, stir, cook”). Related to Old English hr?r (“stirring, busy, active, strong, brave”). More at rear.

Alternative forms

• reer, rere (British)

Adjective

rare (comparative rarer or more rare, superlative rarest or most rare)

1. (cooking) Particularly of meat, especially beefsteak: cooked very lightly, so the meat is still red.

   Antonym: well done

Derived terms

• medium rare

Translations

Etymology 3

Variant of rear.

Verb

rare (third-person singular simple present rares, present participle raring, simple past and past participle rared)

1. (US, intransitive) To rear, rise up, start backwards.
   • 2006, Thomas Pynchon, Against the Day, Vintage 2007, p. 328:

     Frank pretended to rare back as if bedazzled, shielding his eyes with a forearm.

2. (US, transitive) To rear, bring up, raise.

Usage notes

• Principal current, non-literary use is of the present participle raring with a verb in "raring to". The principal verb in that construction is go. Thus, raring to go ("eager (to start something)") is the expression in which rare is most often encountered as a verb.

Etymology 4

Compare rather, rath.

Adjective

rare (comparative more rare, superlative most rare)

1. (obsolete) early

References

• Rare in The Concise New Partridge Dictionary of Slang and Unconventional English

Anagrams

• arré, rear

Danish

Adjective

rare

1. plural and definite singular attributive of rar

Dutch

Alternative forms

• raren (Brabantian)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?ra?.r?/

Adjective

rare

1. Inflected form of raar

Noun

rare m (plural raren, diminutive rareke n)

1. weird person

   Synonym: rare vogel

References

• [1]

French

Etymology

Borrowed (in this form) from Latin r?rus. Compare the inherited Old French rer, rere.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /???/

Adjective

rare (plural rares)

1. rare

Derived terms

• métal rare
• oiseau rare
• perle rare
• rareté
• rarissime
• se faire rare
• terre rare

Further reading

• “rare” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Anagrams

• erra

German

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -a???

Adjective

rare

1. inflection of rar:
   1. strong/mixed nominative/accusative feminine singular
   2. strong nominative/accusative plural
   3. weak nominative all-gender singular
   4. weak accusative feminine/neuter singular

Ido

Adverb

rare

1. rarely

   Antonyms: freque, ofte

Italian

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -are

Adjective

rare

1. feminine plural of raro

Anagrams

• erra

Latin

Etymology 1

Adverb

r?r? (comparative r?rius, superlative r?rissim?)

1. thinly, sparsely, here and there
2. rarely, seldom

Etymology 2

Adjective

r?re

1. vocative masculine singular of r?rus

References

• rare in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• rare in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette

Middle English

Alternative forms

• rere

Etymology

From Old French rer and Latin r?rus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?ra?r(?)/, /?r??r(?)/

Adjective

rare

1. airy, vacuous
2. porous, breathable
3. sparsely spread
4. rare, uncommon, scarce
5. small, little

Related terms

• rarefien

Descendants

• English: rare

References

• “r?r(e, adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-03-29.

Norman

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin r?rus.

Adjective

rare m or f

1. (Jersey) rare

Derived terms

• rarement (“rarely”)

Norwegian Bokmål

Adjective

rare

1. inflection of rar:
   1. definite singular
   2. plural

Norwegian Nynorsk

Adjective

rare

1. inflection of rar:
   1. definite singular
   2. plural

Swedish

Adjective

rare

1. absolute definite natural masculine form of rar.

Anagrams

• rear