different between mali vs mala

English

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?m??li/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /?mæli/
• Hyphenation: ma?li

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Hindi ???? (m?l?, “a gardener”), from Sanskrit ???? (m?l?, “a wreath-maker, a garland-maker; a florist; a gardener”), from ???? (m?l?, “wreath, garland; chaplet, crown”).

Noun

mali (plural malis)

2. (India, South Asia) A member of a caste in South Asia whose traditional occupation is gardening; hence, any native gardener. [from 18th c.]
   • 1924, EM Forster, A Passage to India, Penguin 2005, p. 190:

     And, as always, an Indian close outside the window, a mali in this case, picking up sounds.

   • 2008, Amitav Ghosh, Sea of Poppies, Penguin 2015, p. 99:

     the malis who tended the gardens, no less than the owners themselves, vied to outdo each other in the fancifulness of their plantings, creating here a little patch of topiary and there an avenue of trees, trimmed in the French fashion […].

Alternative forms

• mallee

Etymology 2

From Xhosa imali, Zulu imali (“money”), both ultimately from Swahili mali.

Noun

mali (uncountable)

1. (South Africa) Money, cash. [from 19th c.]

References

Anagrams

• Alim, Liam, Lima, Mila, alim, lima, mail

Albanian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /mali/

Noun

mali ? definite singular form of mal

1. mountain

Amis

Noun

mali

1. ball

References

• 2017, Dictionary of the Central Dialect of Amis (?????????) (in Mandarin Chinese), Taiwan: Council of Indigenous Peoples.

Bunun

Noun

mali

1. ball

Dyula

Alternative forms

• m?li

Noun

mali

1. hippopotamus

Finnish

Noun

mali

1. wormwood (Artemisia absinthium)

Declension

Synonyms

• koiruoho

Anagrams

• Ilma, Mali, Mila, ilma, lima

Italian

Noun

mali m

1. plural of male

Anagrams

• almi
• lami
• lima
• mail
• mila

Jingpho

Etymology 1

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *b-l?j (“four”). Cognate with Burmese ??? (le:), S'gaw Karen ????? (lwee?), Sichuan Yi ? (ly), Tibetan ??? (bzhi), Sikkimese ?? (zhi).

Numeral

mali

1. four

Kambera

Alternative forms

• maling

Noun

mali

1. tonight
2. late afternoon

References

• Marian Klamer (1998) A Grammar of Kambera, Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, ?ISBN, page 213

Kavalan

Noun

mali

1. ball

Latin

Noun

m?l?

1. inflection of m?lus:
   1. nominative/vocative plural
   2. genitive singular

Latvian

Verb

mali

1. 2nd person singular past indicative form of malt

Lubuagan Kalinga

Noun

mali

1. peanut

Norwegian Nynorsk

Verb

mali

1. (non-standard since 2012) past participle of mala and male

Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?ma.l?i/

Adjective

mali

1. virile nominative/vocative plural of ma?y

Sakizaya

Noun

mali

1. ball

Sardinian

Etymology

From Latin male. Compare Italian male.

Adverb

mali

1. (Campidanese) badly

Serbo-Croatian

Adjective

mali

1. inflection of mal:
   1. masculine nominative/vocative plural
   2. definite masculine nominative/vocative singular
   3. definite inanimate masculine accusative singular

Sicilian

Etymology

From Latin malus. Compare Italian mali, male.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?ma.l?/
• Hyphenation: mà?li

Adjective

mali m pl or f pl

1. masculine plural of malu; bad.
2. feminine plural of malu

Inflection

Noun

mali m (plural mali)

1. evil, harm

Slovak

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?mali]

Participle

mali

1. plural l-participle of ma?

Swahili

Etymology

From Arabic ????? (m?l, “property”).

Pronunciation

Noun

mali (ma class, plural only)

1. wealth, riches
2. property

Usage notes

This word is morphologically plural but semantically singular. If a plural sense is required, it may be put in the n class.

Descendants

• ? Ila: madi
• ? Northern Ndebele: imali
• ? Rwanda-Rundi: imari
• ? Shona: mari
• ? Tswana: madi
• ? Xhosa: imali
• ? Zulu: imali

Tagalog

Adjective

malî

1. wrong

Anagrams

• lima

Turkish

Adjective

mali (comparative daha mali, superlative en mali)

1. financial, fiscal

Derived terms

Woiwurrung

Noun

mali

1. mallee

English

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Latin mala (“jaw, cheek”).

Noun

mala (plural malae)

1. A single lobe of an insect's maxilla.
2. The grinding surface of an insect's mandible.

Etymology 2

See malum.

Noun

mala

1. plural of malum

Etymology 3

Borrowed from Sanskrit ???? (m?l?, “wreath, garland, crown”).

Noun

mala (plural malas or mala)

1. A bead or a set of beads commonly used by Hindus and Buddhists for keeping count while reciting, chanting, or mentally repeating a mantra or the name or names of a deity.

Further reading

• Hindu prayer beads on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Anagrams

• Alam, Alma, Amal, alma, amla, laam, lama

Breton

Etymology

From Middle Breton malaff, from Old Breton maletic, from Proto-Brythonic, from Proto-Celtic *meleti.

Verb

mala

1. to grind

Catalan

Pronunciation

• (Balearic, Central) IPA^(key): /?ma.l?/
• (Valencian) IPA^(key): /?ma.la/

Adjective

mala f sg

1. feminine singular of mal

East Futuna

Etymology

From Proto-Polynesian *mala, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *mala?.

Noun

mala

1. disaster
2. misfortune

Esperanto

Etymology

mal- +? -a

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?mala/
• Hyphenation: ma?la
• Rhymes: -ala
• Audio:

Adjective

mala (accusative singular malan, plural malaj, accusative plural malajn)

1. opposite

Faroese

Etymology

From Old Norse mala, from Proto-Germanic *malan?.

Verb

mala (third person singular past indicative mól, third person plural past indicative mólu, supine malið)

1. to grind

Conjugation

Galician

Adjective

mala

1. feminine singular of malo

Garo

Verb

mala

1. to crawl

Hawaiian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?ma.la/, [?m?l?]

Etymology 1

From Proto-Polynesian *mala, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *mala?.

Verb

mala

1. (intransitive) bruised

Adjective

mala

1. aching (as after unaccustomed exercise)
2. stiff and sore

Derived terms

• ho?omala
• mamala

Etymology 2

From Proto-Polynesian *mara.

Adjective

mala

1. sour (as fermented sweet potatoes)
2. insipid

References

• “mala” in the Hawaiian Dictionary, Revised and Enlarged Edition, University of Hawaii Press, 1986

Garo

Verb

mala

1. to crawl

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse mala, from Proto-Germanic *malan?.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?ma?la/
• Rhymes: -a?la

Verb

mala (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative malaði, supine malað)

1. to grind

2. to purr

3. to blabber, babble, talk

Conjugation

Synonyms

• (grind): mylja, steyta
• (babble): babla, masa, þvæla, blaðra

Derived terms

• mölun
• mal

Ido

Adjective

mala

1. bad

Antonyms

• bona

Derived terms

• maleso

Indonesian

Etymology

From Malay mala, from Pali mala, from Sanskrit ?? (mala), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *málas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *málas, from Proto-Indo-European *mélh?-os, from *melh?- (“black”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ma.la/
• Hyphenation: ma?la

Noun

mala

1. disaster

   Synonyms: bahala, bahaya, bencana, cobaan, dakiat, keapesan, kecelakaan, kegagalan, kemaharan, kemalangan, kemudaratan, kerugian, kesialan, malapetaka, mara

Adjective

mala

1. withered, faded
2. (Classical Malay) dirty, impurity
3. diseased

Further reading

• “mala” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Daring, Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 2016.

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish mala, from Proto-Celtic *malax, from Proto-Indo-European *ml?Hd?o-, shared with Breton malvenn, Old English molda (“forehead”), Ancient Greek ??????? (bl?thrós, “lofty”), Avestan ????????-????????????????????????? (ka-m?r^???, “demon's head”).

Pronunciation

• (Munster) IPA^(key): [?m??l???]
• (Connacht, Ulster) IPA^(key): [?m?al???]

Noun

mala f (genitive singular mala, nominative plural malaí)

1. brow
   1. (anatomy) eyebrow
   2. (geography, of hill) brow; slope, incline

Declension

Derived terms

• mala púiceach (“beetle brow”)

Mutation

Further reading

• "mala" in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
• Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “mala”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• MacBain, Alexander; Mackay, Eneas (1911) , “mala”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language, Stirling, ?ISBN

Italian

Noun

mala f (plural male)

1. underworld, gangland

Anagrams

• alma, lama

Latin

Etymology 1

From Proto-Italic *smaksl?, from Proto-Indo-European *smek- (“beard”) as *sm?- (“beard”) +? *slo/h?-; cognate with Sanskrit ??????? (?má?ru, “beard”)).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /?ma?.la/, [?mä???ä]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /?ma.la/, [?m??l?]

Noun

m?la f (genitive m?lae); first declension

1. (anatomy) cheekbone, jaw
2. cheek

   Tam consimile'st atque ego: s?ra, p?s, stat?ra, t?nsus, ocul?, n?sus, vel labra, m?lae, mentum, barba, collum - t?tus! (Plautus, Amphitryo, Act 1, 443-445)

   He's so similar to me: his calves, feet, height, haircut, eyes, nose, lips, cheeks, chin, beard, neck - all of it!

Declension

First-declension noun.

Derived terms

• maxilla

References

• mala in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• mala in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• mala in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• mala in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• mala in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book?^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
• mala in William Smith, editor (1854, 1857) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, volume 1 & 2, London: Walton and Maberly

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Frankish *malha (“leather bag”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /?ma.la/, [?mä??ä]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /?ma.la/, [?m??l?]

Noun

mala f (genitive malae); first declension

2. bundle, bag

Declension

First-declension noun.

Descendants

• Old French: male (see there for further descendants)

Etymology 3

Adjective

mala

1. inflection of malus:
   1. feminine nominative/vocative singular
   2. neuter nominative/accusative/vocative plural

mal?

1. feminine ablative singular of malus

Etymology 4

Noun

mala n pl

1. nominative/accusative/vocative plural of malum

Etymology 5

Noun

m?la n pl

1. nominative/accusative/vocative plural of m?lum

Latvian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ml?Hd?o-, see also Breton malvenn, Old English molda (“forehead”), Ancient Greek ??????? (bl?thrós, “lofty”), Avestan ????????-????????????????????????? (ka-m?r^???, “demon's head”).

Noun

mala f (4th declension)

1. edge, shore

Declension

Derived terms

• j?rmala
• mežmala

Verb

mala

1. 3rd person singular present indicative form of malt
2. 3rd person plural present indicative form of malt

References

• MacBain, Alexander; Mackay, Eneas (1911) , “mala”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language, Stirling, ?ISBN, page mala

Lithuanian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?mä??l?]

Verb

mãla

1. third-person singular present of malti
2. third-person plural present of malti

Lovono

Noun

mala

1. eye

References

• Alexandre François, The languages of Vanikoro: three lexicons and one grammar

Margi

Noun

mala

1. woman

References

• Carl Hoffmann, A grammar of the Margi language (1963)

Norwegian Nynorsk

Alternative forms

• male

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /²m??l?/

Etymology 1

From Old Norse mala, from Proto-Germanic *malan?.

Verb

mala (present tense mel, past tense mol, supine male, past participle malen, present participle malande, imperative mal)

1. (transitive) to grind
2. (intransitive) to make a grinding sound, e.g. to purr (of a cat)

Etymology 2

Verb

mala (present tense malar, past tense mala, past participle mala, passive infinitive malast, present participle malande, imperative mal)

1. form removed with the spelling reform of 2012; superseded by måla, to paint

References

• “mala” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old Norse

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *malan?, whence also Old Saxon malan, Old High German malan, Gothic ???????????????????? (malan).

Verb

mala (singular past indicative mól, plural past indicative mólu, past participle malinn)

1. to grind
2. to make a grinding sound, e.g. to purr (of a cat)

Descendants

• Icelandic: mala
• Faroese: mala
• Norwegian: male
• Old Swedish: mala
  • Swedish: mala
• Danish: male
• Westrobothnian: mala, mäla, mjäla

References

• mala in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• mala in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• mala in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• mala in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book?^[2], London: Macmillan and Co.
• mala in William Smith, editor (1854, 1857) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, volume 1 & 2, London: Walton and Maberly

Old Swedish

Etymology

From Old Norse mala, from Proto-Germanic *malan?.

Verb

mala

1. to grind

Conjugation

Descendants

• Swedish: mala

Pali

Alternative forms

Noun

mala n

1. impurity
2. stain
3. rust
4. dirt
5. dung

Declension

Pitjantjatjara

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?m?l?]

Noun

mala

1. rufous hare-wallaby (Lagorchestes hirsutus)

References

• Paul A. Eckert (2007) Pitjantjatjara / Yankunytjatjara Picture Dictionary?^[3], IAD Press, ?ISBN

Portuguese

Etymology

From French malle (“large suitcase; trunk”), from Middle French malle, from Old French male (“leather bag, leather or wooden travel-case”), from Frankish *malha (“leather bag”), from Proto-Germanic *malh? (“leather bag”), from Proto-Indo-European *molko- (“leather bag”).

Pronunciation

• (Portugal, Brazil) IPA^(key): /?ma.l?/
• Hyphenation: ma?la

Noun

mala f (plural malas)

1. suitcase
2. (travel) luggage
3. (automotive) boot, trunk
4. (chiefly Portugal) handbag

   Synonyms: bolsa, maleta, saco

5. (idiomatic) An irritating person.

Pukapukan

Etymology

From Proto-Polynesian *mala, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *mala?.

Verb

mala

1. (stative) be unlucky, unfortunate
2. to have bad luck

Further reading

• Pukapuka Dictionary

Samoan

Etymology

From Proto-Polynesian *mala, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *mala?.

Noun

mala

1. calamity

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish mala, from Proto-Celtic *malax, from Proto-Indo-European *ml?Hd?o-, see also Breton malvenn, Old English molda (“forehead”), Ancient Greek ??????? (bl?thrós, “lofty”), Avestan ????????-????????????????????????? (ka-m?r^???, “demon's head”).

Noun

mala f (genitive singular mala, plural malaichean)

1. brow
   1. (anatomy) eyebrow
   2. (geography, of hill) brow; slope, incline

Usage notes

• The plural is mailghean in Argyll.

Mutation

Further reading

• “mala” in Edward Dwelly, Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan/The Illustrated [Scottish] Gaelic–English Dictionary, 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, 1911, ?ISBN.
• Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “mala”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• MacBain, Alexander; Mackay, Eneas (1911) , “mala”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language, Stirling, ?ISBN

Serbo-Croatian

Adjective

mala

1. inflection of mal:
   1. feminine nominative/vocative singular
   2. indefinite masculine/neuter genitive singular
   3. indefinite animate masculine accusative singular
   4. neuter nominative/accusative/vocative plural

Sicilian

Etymology

From Latin malus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?ma.la/
• Hyphenation: mà?la

Adjective

mala f sg

1. feminine singular of malu; bad.

Inflection

Slovak

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?mala]

Participle

mala

1. feminine singular l-participle of ma?

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?mala/, [?ma.la]

Etymology 1

See the etymology of the main entry.

Adjective

mala

1. feminine singular of malo

Etymology 2

From French malle (“large suitcase; trunk”), from Middle French malle, from Old French male (“leather bag, leather or wooden travel-case”), from Frankish *malha (“leather bag”), from Proto-Germanic *malh? (“leather bag”), from Proto-Indo-European *molko- (“leather bag”).

Noun

mala f (plural malas)

1. suitcase

   Synonyms: maleta, valija

2. mailbag

   Synonyms: saca de correos, saca postal, valija

3. mail, post

   Synonym: correo

Further reading

• “mala” in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014.

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Swedish mala, from Old Norse mala, from Proto-Germanic *malan?.

Verb

mala (present mal, preterite malde, supine malt, imperative mal)

1. to grind; to make smaller
2. to speak ceaselessly, usually about one single subject

Usage notes

• Alternate form for the present tense: maler, and alternate form for the past participle (which is only used in the sense of grinding): malen.

Conjugation

Related terms

• malström

Anagrams

• Alma, lama

Tokelauan

Etymology

From Proto-Polynesian *mala. Cognates include Hawaiian mala and Samoan mala.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?ma.la/
• Hyphenation: ma?la

Noun

mala

1. misfortune, bad luck
2. disaster, tragedy
3. plague, epidemic

Verb

mala

1. (stative) to be unlucky
2. (intransitive) to bring bad luck

Further reading

• R. Simona, editor (1986) Tokelau Dictionary?^[4], Auckland: Office of Tokelau Affairs, page 209

Tongan

Etymology

From Proto-Polynesian *mala, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *mala?.

Noun

mala

1. misfortune, bad luck
2. disaster

Tuvaluan

Etymology

From Proto-Polynesian *mala, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *mala?.

Noun

mala

1. plague

Wolof

Noun

mala (definite form mala mi)

1. animal