different between mala vs ala

English

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Latin mala (“jaw, cheek”).

Noun

mala (plural malae)

1. A single lobe of an insect's maxilla.
2. The grinding surface of an insect's mandible.

Etymology 2

See malum.

Noun

mala

1. plural of malum

Etymology 3

Borrowed from Sanskrit ???? (m?l?, “wreath, garland, crown”).

Noun

mala (plural malas or mala)

1. A bead or a set of beads commonly used by Hindus and Buddhists for keeping count while reciting, chanting, or mentally repeating a mantra or the name or names of a deity.

Further reading

• Hindu prayer beads on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Anagrams

• Alam, Alma, Amal, alma, amla, laam, lama

Breton

Etymology

From Middle Breton malaff, from Old Breton maletic, from Proto-Brythonic, from Proto-Celtic *meleti.

Verb

mala

1. to grind

Catalan

Pronunciation

• (Balearic, Central) IPA^(key): /?ma.l?/
• (Valencian) IPA^(key): /?ma.la/

Adjective

mala f sg

1. feminine singular of mal

East Futuna

Etymology

From Proto-Polynesian *mala, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *mala?.

Noun

mala

1. disaster
2. misfortune

Esperanto

Etymology

mal- +? -a

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?mala/
• Hyphenation: ma?la
• Rhymes: -ala
• Audio:

Adjective

mala (accusative singular malan, plural malaj, accusative plural malajn)

1. opposite

Faroese

Etymology

From Old Norse mala, from Proto-Germanic *malan?.

Verb

mala (third person singular past indicative mól, third person plural past indicative mólu, supine malið)

1. to grind

Conjugation

Galician

Adjective

mala

1. feminine singular of malo

Garo

Verb

mala

1. to crawl

Hawaiian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?ma.la/, [?m?l?]

Etymology 1

From Proto-Polynesian *mala, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *mala?.

Verb

mala

1. (intransitive) bruised

Adjective

mala

1. aching (as after unaccustomed exercise)
2. stiff and sore

Derived terms

• ho?omala
• mamala

Etymology 2

From Proto-Polynesian *mara.

Adjective

mala

1. sour (as fermented sweet potatoes)
2. insipid

References

• “mala” in the Hawaiian Dictionary, Revised and Enlarged Edition, University of Hawaii Press, 1986

Garo

Verb

mala

1. to crawl

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse mala, from Proto-Germanic *malan?.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?ma?la/
• Rhymes: -a?la

Verb

mala (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative malaði, supine malað)

1. to grind

2. to purr

3. to blabber, babble, talk

Conjugation

Synonyms

• (grind): mylja, steyta
• (babble): babla, masa, þvæla, blaðra

Derived terms

• mölun
• mal

Ido

Adjective

mala

1. bad

Antonyms

• bona

Derived terms

• maleso

Indonesian

Etymology

From Malay mala, from Pali mala, from Sanskrit ?? (mala), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *málas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *málas, from Proto-Indo-European *mélh?-os, from *melh?- (“black”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ma.la/
• Hyphenation: ma?la

Noun

mala

1. disaster

   Synonyms: bahala, bahaya, bencana, cobaan, dakiat, keapesan, kecelakaan, kegagalan, kemaharan, kemalangan, kemudaratan, kerugian, kesialan, malapetaka, mara

Adjective

mala

1. withered, faded
2. (Classical Malay) dirty, impurity
3. diseased

Further reading

• “mala” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Daring, Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 2016.

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish mala, from Proto-Celtic *malax, from Proto-Indo-European *ml?Hd?o-, shared with Breton malvenn, Old English molda (“forehead”), Ancient Greek ??????? (bl?thrós, “lofty”), Avestan ????????-????????????????????????? (ka-m?r^???, “demon's head”).

Pronunciation

• (Munster) IPA^(key): [?m??l???]
• (Connacht, Ulster) IPA^(key): [?m?al???]

Noun

mala f (genitive singular mala, nominative plural malaí)

1. brow
   1. (anatomy) eyebrow
   2. (geography, of hill) brow; slope, incline

Declension

Derived terms

• mala púiceach (“beetle brow”)

Mutation

Further reading

• "mala" in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
• Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “mala”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• MacBain, Alexander; Mackay, Eneas (1911) , “mala”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language, Stirling, ?ISBN

Italian

Noun

mala f (plural male)

1. underworld, gangland

Anagrams

• alma, lama

Latin

Etymology 1

From Proto-Italic *smaksl?, from Proto-Indo-European *smek- (“beard”) as *sm?- (“beard”) +? *slo/h?-; cognate with Sanskrit ??????? (?má?ru, “beard”)).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /?ma?.la/, [?mä???ä]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /?ma.la/, [?m??l?]

Noun

m?la f (genitive m?lae); first declension

1. (anatomy) cheekbone, jaw
2. cheek

   Tam consimile'st atque ego: s?ra, p?s, stat?ra, t?nsus, ocul?, n?sus, vel labra, m?lae, mentum, barba, collum - t?tus! (Plautus, Amphitryo, Act 1, 443-445)

   He's so similar to me: his calves, feet, height, haircut, eyes, nose, lips, cheeks, chin, beard, neck - all of it!

Declension

First-declension noun.

Derived terms

• maxilla

References

• mala in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• mala in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• mala in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• mala in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• mala in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book?^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
• mala in William Smith, editor (1854, 1857) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, volume 1 & 2, London: Walton and Maberly

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Frankish *malha (“leather bag”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /?ma.la/, [?mä??ä]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /?ma.la/, [?m??l?]

Noun

mala f (genitive malae); first declension

2. bundle, bag

Declension

First-declension noun.

Descendants

• Old French: male (see there for further descendants)

Etymology 3

Adjective

mala

1. inflection of malus:
   1. feminine nominative/vocative singular
   2. neuter nominative/accusative/vocative plural

mal?

1. feminine ablative singular of malus

Etymology 4

Noun

mala n pl

1. nominative/accusative/vocative plural of malum

Etymology 5

Noun

m?la n pl

1. nominative/accusative/vocative plural of m?lum

Latvian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ml?Hd?o-, see also Breton malvenn, Old English molda (“forehead”), Ancient Greek ??????? (bl?thrós, “lofty”), Avestan ????????-????????????????????????? (ka-m?r^???, “demon's head”).

Noun

mala f (4th declension)

1. edge, shore

Declension

Derived terms

• j?rmala
• mežmala

Verb

mala

1. 3rd person singular present indicative form of malt
2. 3rd person plural present indicative form of malt

References

• MacBain, Alexander; Mackay, Eneas (1911) , “mala”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language, Stirling, ?ISBN, page mala

Lithuanian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?mä??l?]

Verb

mãla

1. third-person singular present of malti
2. third-person plural present of malti

Lovono

Noun

mala

1. eye

References

• Alexandre François, The languages of Vanikoro: three lexicons and one grammar

Margi

Noun

mala

1. woman

References

• Carl Hoffmann, A grammar of the Margi language (1963)

Norwegian Nynorsk

Alternative forms

• male

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /²m??l?/

Etymology 1

From Old Norse mala, from Proto-Germanic *malan?.

Verb

mala (present tense mel, past tense mol, supine male, past participle malen, present participle malande, imperative mal)

1. (transitive) to grind
2. (intransitive) to make a grinding sound, e.g. to purr (of a cat)

Etymology 2

Verb

mala (present tense malar, past tense mala, past participle mala, passive infinitive malast, present participle malande, imperative mal)

1. form removed with the spelling reform of 2012; superseded by måla, to paint

References

• “mala” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old Norse

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *malan?, whence also Old Saxon malan, Old High German malan, Gothic ???????????????????? (malan).

Verb

mala (singular past indicative mól, plural past indicative mólu, past participle malinn)

1. to grind
2. to make a grinding sound, e.g. to purr (of a cat)

Descendants

• Icelandic: mala
• Faroese: mala
• Norwegian: male
• Old Swedish: mala
  • Swedish: mala
• Danish: male
• Westrobothnian: mala, mäla, mjäla

References

• mala in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• mala in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• mala in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• mala in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book?^[2], London: Macmillan and Co.
• mala in William Smith, editor (1854, 1857) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, volume 1 & 2, London: Walton and Maberly

Old Swedish

Etymology

From Old Norse mala, from Proto-Germanic *malan?.

Verb

mala

1. to grind

Conjugation

Descendants

• Swedish: mala

Pali

Alternative forms

Noun

mala n

1. impurity
2. stain
3. rust
4. dirt
5. dung

Declension

Pitjantjatjara

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?m?l?]

Noun

mala

1. rufous hare-wallaby (Lagorchestes hirsutus)

References

• Paul A. Eckert (2007) Pitjantjatjara / Yankunytjatjara Picture Dictionary?^[3], IAD Press, ?ISBN

Portuguese

Etymology

From French malle (“large suitcase; trunk”), from Middle French malle, from Old French male (“leather bag, leather or wooden travel-case”), from Frankish *malha (“leather bag”), from Proto-Germanic *malh? (“leather bag”), from Proto-Indo-European *molko- (“leather bag”).

Pronunciation

• (Portugal, Brazil) IPA^(key): /?ma.l?/
• Hyphenation: ma?la

Noun

mala f (plural malas)

1. suitcase
2. (travel) luggage
3. (automotive) boot, trunk
4. (chiefly Portugal) handbag

   Synonyms: bolsa, maleta, saco

5. (idiomatic) An irritating person.

Pukapukan

Etymology

From Proto-Polynesian *mala, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *mala?.

Verb

mala

1. (stative) be unlucky, unfortunate
2. to have bad luck

Further reading

• Pukapuka Dictionary

Samoan

Etymology

From Proto-Polynesian *mala, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *mala?.

Noun

mala

1. calamity

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish mala, from Proto-Celtic *malax, from Proto-Indo-European *ml?Hd?o-, see also Breton malvenn, Old English molda (“forehead”), Ancient Greek ??????? (bl?thrós, “lofty”), Avestan ????????-????????????????????????? (ka-m?r^???, “demon's head”).

Noun

mala f (genitive singular mala, plural malaichean)

1. brow
   1. (anatomy) eyebrow
   2. (geography, of hill) brow; slope, incline

Usage notes

• The plural is mailghean in Argyll.

Mutation

Further reading

• “mala” in Edward Dwelly, Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan/The Illustrated [Scottish] Gaelic–English Dictionary, 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, 1911, ?ISBN.
• Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “mala”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• MacBain, Alexander; Mackay, Eneas (1911) , “mala”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language, Stirling, ?ISBN

Serbo-Croatian

Adjective

mala

1. inflection of mal:
   1. feminine nominative/vocative singular
   2. indefinite masculine/neuter genitive singular
   3. indefinite animate masculine accusative singular
   4. neuter nominative/accusative/vocative plural

Sicilian

Etymology

From Latin malus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?ma.la/
• Hyphenation: mà?la

Adjective

mala f sg

1. feminine singular of malu; bad.

Inflection

Slovak

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?mala]

Participle

mala

1. feminine singular l-participle of ma?

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?mala/, [?ma.la]

Etymology 1

See the etymology of the main entry.

Adjective

mala

1. feminine singular of malo

Etymology 2

From French malle (“large suitcase; trunk”), from Middle French malle, from Old French male (“leather bag, leather or wooden travel-case”), from Frankish *malha (“leather bag”), from Proto-Germanic *malh? (“leather bag”), from Proto-Indo-European *molko- (“leather bag”).

Noun

mala f (plural malas)

1. suitcase

   Synonyms: maleta, valija

2. mailbag

   Synonyms: saca de correos, saca postal, valija

3. mail, post

   Synonym: correo

Further reading

• “mala” in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014.

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Swedish mala, from Old Norse mala, from Proto-Germanic *malan?.

Verb

mala (present mal, preterite malde, supine malt, imperative mal)

1. to grind; to make smaller
2. to speak ceaselessly, usually about one single subject

Usage notes

• Alternate form for the present tense: maler, and alternate form for the past participle (which is only used in the sense of grinding): malen.

Conjugation

Related terms

• malström

Anagrams

• Alma, lama

Tokelauan

Etymology

From Proto-Polynesian *mala. Cognates include Hawaiian mala and Samoan mala.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?ma.la/
• Hyphenation: ma?la

Noun

mala

1. misfortune, bad luck
2. disaster, tragedy
3. plague, epidemic

Verb

mala

1. (stative) to be unlucky
2. (intransitive) to bring bad luck

Further reading

• R. Simona, editor (1986) Tokelau Dictionary?^[4], Auckland: Office of Tokelau Affairs, page 209

Tongan

Etymology

From Proto-Polynesian *mala, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *mala?.

Noun

mala

1. misfortune, bad luck
2. disaster

Tuvaluan

Etymology

From Proto-Polynesian *mala, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *mala?.

Noun

mala

1. plague

Wolof

Noun

mala (definite form mala mi)

1. animal

English

Etymology 1

Originated 1730–40, borrowed from Latin ?la (“wing”). Doublet of aisle.

Pronunciation

• (General American) IPA^(key): /?e?.l?/

Noun

ala (plural alae or alæ)

1. (anatomy) A wing or winglike anatomic process or part, especially of bone.
2. (botany) The flattened border of some stems, fruits, and seeds, or one of the two side petals of certain flowers in the pea family.
3. (architecture) In ancient Rome, a small room opening into a larger room or courtyard.

Etymology 2

Borrowed from French à la, by way of its English derivation a la.

Preposition

ala

1. (colloquial) Alternative form of a la.

References

• “ala”, in Merriam–Webster Online Dictionary, (Please provide a date or year).
• “ala”, in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 4th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin, 2000, ?ISBN
• “ala” in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.
• “ala” examples at Wordnik

Anagrams

• AAL, Aal, aal

Afar

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??l?/
• Hyphenation: a?la

Noun

ála m (plural alluwwá f)

1. animal, wild animal
2. European, white person

Declension

Etymology 2

From Proto-Cushitic. Cognates include Somali hal.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??l?/
• Hyphenation: a?la

Noun

alá f (masculine rakúb, plural aloolí f)

1. female camel

Declension

Hypernyms

• gaaláytu (“camel”)

See also

• nargó (“baby female camel”)
• addó (“juvenile female camel”)

References

• E. M. Parker; R. J. Hayward (1985) An Afar-English-French dictionary (with Grammatical Notes in English), University of London, ?ISBN, page 37
• Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2004) Parlons Afar: Langue et Culture, L'Hammartan, ?ISBN, page 24
• Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2015) L’afar: description grammaticale d’une langue couchitique (Djibouti, Erythrée et Ethiopie)?^[7], Paris: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (doctoral thesis)

Asturian

Etymology

From Latin ?la (“wing”).

Noun

ala f (plural ales)

1. wing
2. fin

   Synonym: aleta

Azerbaijani

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *?la.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /????/

Adjective

ala (comparative daha ala, superlative ?n ala)

1. variegated
2. (poetic) blue (of eyes)

Derived terms

• alagöz
• alagözlü

Noun

ala (definite accusative alan?, plural alalar)

1. vitiligo (the patchy loss of skin pigmentation.)

Declension

References

Baoule

Noun

ala

1. iroko (Milicia excelsa, syn. Chlorophora excelsa)

References

Basque

Conjunction

ala

1. or (exclusive)

Related terms

• edo

Catalan

Etymology

From Old Occitan, from Latin ?la (“wing”).

Pronunciation

• (Balearic, Central) IPA^(key): /?a.l?/
• (Valencian) IPA^(key): /?a.la/
• Homophone: hala

Noun

ala f (plural ales)

1. wing (appendage that enables flight)

Derived terms

• aleta
• aletejar

Related terms

• alar

Further reading

• “ala” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “ala” in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana.
• “ala” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “ala” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Chickasaw

Verb

ala

1. to be born

   Synonym: atta

Estonian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *ala.

Noun

ala (genitive ala, partitive ala)

1. area, territory, region

2. (in working life, in sciences) field

3. (business) branch

Declension

Faroese

Etymology

From Old Norse ala, from Proto-Germanic *alan? (“to nourish, grow”), from Proto-Indo-European *al- (“to grow”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??a?la/
• Rhymes: -?a?la
• Homophones: æla, ælað

Verb

ala (third person singular past indicative ól, third person plural past indicative ólu, supine alið)

1. (kvæði) to give birth to
2. to foster
3. to nourish
4. to breed

Conjugation

Finnish

(index al)

Etymology 1

From Proto-Finnic *ala, from Proto-Uralic *ëla.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??l?/, [??l?]
• Rhymes: -?l?
• Syllabification: a?la

Noun

ala

1. area, field, domain (one's field of expertise or activity)
2. (in working life, in sciences) field, discipline
3. industry, sector, branch (business, studies, etc.)
4. (mathematics) area

   Synonym: pinta-ala

Declension

Derived terms

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the main entry.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??l??/, [??l?(?)]
• Rhymes: -?l?
• Syllabification: a?la

Verb

ala

1. Indicative present connegative form of alkaa.
2. Second-person singular imperative present form of alkaa.
3. Second-person singular imperative present connegative form of alkaa.

Galician

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin ?la. Compare the inherited á.

Noun

ala f (plural alas)

1. wing

   Synonym: á

Further reading

• “ala” in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega, Royal Galician Academy.

Hawaiian

Etymology

From Proto-Polynesian *hala, from Proto-Oceanic *jalan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zalan, from Proto-Austronesian *zalan.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?a.la/, [??l?]

Noun

ala

1. way, path, road

Derived terms

References

• “ala” in the Hawaiian Dictionary, Revised and Enlarged Edition, University of Hawaii Press, 1986

Hoyahoya

Noun

ala

1. grandfather

References

• Philip Carr, Hoyahoya organised phonology data (2006)

Icelandic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?a?la/
• Rhymes: -a?la

Etymology 1

From Old Norse ala, from Proto-Germanic *alan? (“to nourish, grow”), from Proto-Indo-European *al- (“to grow”).

Verb

ala (strong verb, third-person singular past indicative ól, third-person plural past indicative ólu, supine alið)

1. (with accusative) to bear, give birth to
2. (with accusative) to foster
3. (with accusative) to feed, nourish

Conjugation

Derived terms

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the main entry.

Noun

ala

1. indefinite genitive plural of alur

Igbo

Etymology

Alternative forms

• àn?? (Onicha)

Noun

ala

1. earth, land, soil, ground.

Indonesian

Etymology 1

From French à la.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?ala]
• Hyphenation: ala

Preposition

a la

1. (colloquial) a la, in the style or manner of.

Etymology 2

From Arabic ?????? (?al?).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?ala]
• Hyphenation: ala

Preposition

a la

1. on, over.

   Synonyms: atas, pada, kepada, akan

Noun

a la

1. unproductive land with the owner or descendants still have the main rights in that land.

Etymology 3

From Arabic ???????? (?a?l?).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?ala]
• Hyphenation: ala

Adjective

a la

1. high.

   Synonym: tinggi

Further reading

• “ala” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Daring, Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 2016.

Irish

Etymology

From Middle Irish athlad

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?al??/

Noun

ala

1. Only used in phrases; see Derived terms below

Derived terms

• ar ala na huaire (“on the spur of the moment; within a second”)
• gach ala (“every now and then”)

Further reading

• "ala" in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.

Italian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?a.la/

Etymology 1

From Latin ?la.

Noun

ala f (plural ali, poetic plural ale)

1. wing

   Synonym: alia (archaic, slang)

Related terms

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the main entry.

Verb

ala

1. third-person singular present indicative of alare
2. second-person singular imperative of alare

Jarai

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hulaR, from Proto-Austronesian *SulaR.

Noun

ala (classifier dr?i)

1. snake

Ladin

Etymology

From a +? la.

Contraction

ala

1. at or to the (+ feminine singular noun)

Latin

Etymology

For earlier *axla, from axis, from Proto-Indo-European *h?e?s- (“axis”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /?a?.la/, [?ä???ä]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /?a.la/, [???l?]

Noun 1

?la f (genitive ?lae); first declension

1. A wing.
2. (anatomy) The upper and under part of the arm, where it unites with the shoulder; the armpit.
3. (zoology) The hollow where the foreleg is joined to the shoulder; the shoulder blade.
4. (botany) The hollow where a limb joins the trunk of a tree.
5. (architecture) The wings off the main room, the side apartments on the right and left of the court, the side halls or porches, waiting areas, the collonades.
6. (military) The wing of an army, cavalry force (usually deployed on an army's flank).

Inflection

First-declension noun.

Derived terms

Descendants

Noun 2

?l? f

1. ablative singular of ?la

References

• ala in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• ala in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• ala in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• ala in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• ala in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• ala in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

Latvian

Etymology

The usual theory considers ala to be borrowed from Middle Low German hol (“depth, hole, cave”), or maybe from the same form in Middle Dutch or German Low German (East Frisian); cf. German Höhle (“cave”).

A different view suggests that ala could also reflex of an old Proto-Indo-European stem *h?el-, *ol-, *al- (“to flow, to drain”) with various Baltic reflexes: dialectal alots, alogs, standard avots (“(water) source”), alksna, aluksna (“miry, swampy place”) (cf. place names like Al?ksne, Al?kstes), Lithuanian al??ti (“to flow, to drip”). The original meaning of ala would thus have been “(water) source”, from which “place (e.g., cave, rift, pit) from which water springs” and finally simply “cave,” possibly under the influence of the aforementioned Germanic words.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ala]

Noun

ala f (4th declension)

1. cave (space or cavity formed underground, especially between rocks, or in the face of a cliff or hillside)

2. burrow, hole, lair, den (the dwelling of some animals, in the form of a cavity with one or many exits)

Declension

Derived terms

• alu cilv?ks

See also

• speleolo?ija

References

Malagasy

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?a.la/, [?a.l??]

Etymology 1

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *halas, from Proto-Austronesian *Salas. Cognate with Balinese ???? (alas), Javanese ???? (alas).

Noun

ala

1. forest

Etymology 2

From Proto-Austronesian *alaq (“fetch; get; take”).

Adverb

ala

1. without; freed from; removed from

Malay

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -?

Preposition

ala (Jawi spelling ???? or ????)

1. like
2. according to
3. on

References

• "ala" in Kamus Dewan, Fourth Edition, Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, ?ISBN, 2005.
• “ala” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

Mirandese

Noun

ala f (plural alas)

1. wing
2. (nautical) sail

North Wahgi

Noun

ala

1. mistake

References

• Heather and Don Mc Lean, North Wahgi (Yu We) Organised Phonology Data (2005), p. 2

Northern Kurdish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /???l??/
• Rhymes: -??

Noun

ala f

1. flag (piece of cloth)

Northern Ndebele

Verb

-ála

1. to refuse

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Northern Sami

Etymology

From Proto-Samic *ëlëk.

Pronunciation

• (Kautokeino) IPA^(key): /?ala/

Adverb

ala

1. over
2. on, on top

Derived terms

• alcces-, alcce-, allas- (locative stems of ieš (“self”))

Postposition

ala

1. over
2. on, onto, on top of

Further reading

• Koponen, Eino; Ruppel, Klaas; Aapala, Kirsti, editors (2002-2008) Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages?^[8], Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

From Old Norse ala, from Proto-Germanic *alan?, from Proto-Indo-European *h?életi.

Alternative forms

• ale (e infinitive)

Verb

ala (present tense aler or el, past tense alte or ol, past participle alt or ale, present participle alande, imperative al)

1. to foster

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the main entry.

Noun

ala

1. definite plural of al

References

• “ala” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Occitan

Etymology

From Latin ?la.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [alo?]

Noun

ala f (plural alas)

1. wing

Old High German

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *?l?. Cognates include Old English æl and Old Norse alr.

Noun

?la f

1. awl

Descendants

• German: Ahle

Old Norse

Etymology 1

From Proto-Germanic *alan? (“to nourish, grow”), from Proto-Indo-European *h?életi, from *h?el- (“to raise, feed, nourish”). Cognate with Old English alan and Latin al?.

Verb

ala (singular present indicative elr, singular past indicative ól, plural past indicative ólu, past participle alinn)

1. to produce
2. to testify
3. to breed
4. to nourish

Conjugation

Descendants

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the main entry.

Noun

ala

1. indefinite genitive plural of alr

References

• ala in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press

Old Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?a.la]

Etymology 1

From Latin ?la.

Noun

ala f (plural alas)

1. wing (limb)
   • c. 1200, Almeric, Fazienda de Ultramar, f. 67v. a.

     la ?mera ?emeiaua leon e auie alas de aguila ueye q? me?auan ?us alas e cayen atierra e ?obre ?os piedes como o?e se leuátaua

     The first was like a lion, and it had the wings of an eagle. I saw its wings torn off and fall to the ground so that it stood on its feet like a man.

Descendants

• Ladino: ala (Latin spelling)
• Spanish: ala

Etymology 2

A contraction of a (“to, toward, in, at”) + la (“the”); the feminine singular definite article.

Contraction

ala (plural alas)

1. (followed by a singular feminine noun) to the, toward the
   • c1200, Almeric, Fazienda de Ultramar, f. 2v. b.

     Loth ouo miedo de ?eer en segor esubio alas mótánas có sus. ij. fijas. estido é una cueua có sus. ij. fijas. edixo la maior ala menor. n?o padre es uyeio eno nos podremos ca?ar. com es derecho.

     Loth was afriad to stay in Zoar, so he moved to the mountains with his two daughters. There he lived in a cave with his two daughters; then older [daughter] said to the younger: "Our father is old, and [here] we cannot marry as is the custom."

2. (followed by a singular feminine noun) in the, at the
   • c1200, Almeric, Fazienda de Ultramar, f. 2v. a.

     e?tos angeles có q? fablo abraã. vinieron a ?odoma e loth ?edia ala puerta de la cibdat. e violos & leuátos cótra ellõ.

     These angels to whom Abraham spoke came to Sodom, and Lot was sitting in the gateway of the city. And he saw them and got up to meet them.

Related terms

• al

Papiamentu

Alternative forms

• hala (alternative spelling)

Etymology

From Portuguese ala and Spanish ala.

Noun

ala

1. wing

Portuguese

Pronunciation

• (Portugal, Brazil) IPA^(key): /?a.l?/
• Hyphenation: a?la

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Latin ?la. Compare the inherited doublet á.

Noun 1

ala f (plural alas)

1. (architecture) wing (part of a building that extends from the main structure)
2. (chiefly politics) faction (ideologically distinct group within an organisation)
3. a row among a larger group of people or things
4. a subdivision of a carnival block consisting of similarly themed participants
5. (military) a flank unit
6. (military) a rank or file of soldiers
7. (chess) each player’s half of the chessboard
8. (sports) wing (position on either side of the field)

Noun 2

ala m, f (plural alas)

1. (sports) wing; winger (player in a wing position)
2. (aviation) wingman (support pilot in a squadron)

Related terms

• alado
• alar

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the main entry.

Verb

ala

1. third-person singular (ele and ela, also used with você and others) present indicative of alar
2. second-person singular (tu, sometimes used with você) affirmative imperative of alar

Pukapukan

Etymology

From Proto-Polynesian *hala, from Proto-Oceanic *jalan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zalan, from Proto-Austronesian *zalan.

Noun

ala

1. path, way, lane, track

Derived terms

Further reading

• Te Pukamuna | Pukapuka Dictionary

Rade

Etymology

From Proto-Chamic *?ular, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hula?, from Proto-Austronesian *Sula?.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /alaa/, [??laa]

Noun

ala

1. snake

Romansch

Alternative forms

• ela (Puter)

Etymology

From Latin ?la.

Noun

ala f (plural alas)

1. (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Surmiran, Vallader) wing
2. mouldboard

Serbo-Croatian

Adverb

àla (Cyrillic spelling ????)

1. (used for emphasis, or as an intensifier) expression of awe, surprise, dismay, etc.

Noun

ala f (Cyrillic spelling ???)

1. dragon

   Synonym: hala

2. type of mythical creature similar to dragon

Related terms

Southern Ndebele

Verb

-ála

1. to refuse

Inflection

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?ala/, [?a.la]
• Homophone: hala

Etymology 1

From Old Spanish ala (compare Ladino ala), from Latin ?la.

Noun

ala f (plural alas)

1. wing (of bird)
2. wing (of aircraft)
3. brim (of hat)
4. (military) flank (of a formation)
5. (sports) wing (part of the field)
6. (sports) winger

Usage notes

• The feminine noun ala is like other feminine nouns starting with a stressed a sound in that it takes the definite article el (normally reserved for masculine nouns) in the singular when there is no intervening adjective:

el ala

• However, if an adjective, even one that begins with a stressed a sound such as alta or ancha, intervenes between the article and the noun, the article reverts to la.

Derived terms

Related terms

Etymology 2

Interjection

ala

1. Alternative spelling of hala

Further reading

• “ala” in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014.

Sranan Tongo

Pronoun

ala

1. everything

Swahili

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic ????? (??la, “instrument, tool”).

Pronunciation

Noun

ala (n class, plural ala)

1. tool, instrument

   Synonym: kifaa

2. sheath, scabbard

Swazi

Verb

-ála

1. to refuse

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Turkish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /????/
• Hyphenation: a?la

Adjective

ala (comparative daha ala, superlative en ala)

1. multicolored, pied, variegated
2. Clipping of alabal?k (“trout”).

Veps

Etymology

Related to Finnish älä.

Verb

ala

1. second-person singular imperative of ei
2. do not

Westrobothnian

Noun

ala m

1. Harness strap; the strap pulled through the shaft and wherein the harness peg is inserted.

Usage notes

If instead an iron hasp is used, it is called al-ösp f.

References

Xhosa

Verb

-âla

1. to refuse

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Yámana

Verb

ala

1. drink

Zulu

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

-âla

1. to deny, refuse, decline
2. to forbid
3. to reject
4. to refuse give [+ na- (object)]
5. to hate, detest

Inflection

Derived terms

• -alela (applicative)
• -alisa (causative)
• -alayala (diminutive)
• -alisisa (intensive)
• -aleka (neuter-passive)
• -aliwa (passive)
• -alana (reciprocal)

References

• C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972) , “ala”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, ?ISBN: “ala”