different between like vs affect
like
English
Alternative forms
- lak
Pronunciation
- enPR: l?k, IPA(key): /la?k/
- Rhymes: -a?k
Etymology 1
Verb from Middle English liken, from Old English l?cian (“to please; be sufficient”), from Proto-West Germanic *l?k?n, from Proto-Germanic *l?k?n? (“to please”), from Proto-Indo-European *leyg- (“image; likeness; similarity”).
Cognate with Saterland Frisian liekje (“to be similar, resemble”), Dutch lijken (“to seem”), German Low German lieken (“to be like; resemble”), German gleichen (“to resemble”), Swedish lika (“to like; put up with; align with”), Norwegian like (“to like”), Icelandic líka (“to like”).
Noun from Middle English like (“pleasure, will, like”), from the verb Middle English liken (“to like”).
Verb
like (third-person singular simple present likes, present participle liking, simple past and past participle liked)
- To enjoy, be pleased by; favor; be in favor of.
- Antonyms: dislike, hate, mislike
- He may either go or stay, as he best likes.
- (transitive, archaic) To please.
- (obsolete) To derive pleasure of, by or with someone or something.
- To prefer and maintain (an action) as a regular habit or activity.
- (obsolete) To have an appearance or expression; to look; to seem to be (in a specified condition).
- (archaic) To come near; to avoid with difficulty; to escape narrowly.
- To find attractive; to prefer the company of; to have mild romantic feelings for.
- Synonyms: (British) fancy, enjoy, love
- Antonyms: dislike, hate, mislike
- (obsolete) To liken; to compare.
- (Internet, transitive) To show support for, or approval of, something posted on the Internet by marking it with a vote.
- Antonyms: unlike, dislike
- (with 'would' and in certain other phrases) To want, desire. See also would like.
Usage notes
- In its senses of “enjoy” and “maintain as a regular habit”, like is a catenative verb; in the former, it usually takes a gerund (-ing form), while in the latter, it takes a to-infinitive. See also Appendix:English catenative verbs.
- Like is only used to mean “want” in certain expressions, such as “if you like” and “I would like”. The conditional form, would like, is used quite freely as a polite synonym for want.
Conjugation
Derived terms
Related terms
- like like
- would like
Translations
Noun
like (plural likes)
- (usually in the plural) Something that a person likes (prefers).
- Synonyms: favorite, preference
- Antonyms: dislike, pet hate, pet peeve
- (Internet) An individual vote showing support for, or approval of, something posted on the Internet.
Translations
References
- like on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
Etymology 2
Adjective from Middle English like, lyke, from Old English ?el?? by shortening, influenced by Old Norse líkr, glíkr; both from Proto-Germanic *gal?kaz (“like, similar, same”). Related to alike; more distantly, with lich and -ly. Cognate with West Frisian like (“like; as”), Saterland Frisian gliek (“like”), Danish lig (“alike”), Dutch gelijk (“like, alike”), German gleich (“equal, like”), Icelandic líkur (“alike, like, similar”), Norwegian lik (“like, alike”) Swedish lik (“like, similar”)
Adverb from Middle English like, lyke, liche, lyche, from Old English ?el??e (“likewise, also, as, in like manner, similarly”) and Old Norse líka (“also, likewise”); both from Proto-Germanic *gal?kê, from Proto-Germanic *gal?kaz (“same, like, similar”).
Conjunction from Middle English like, lyke, lik, lyk, from the adverb Middle English like.
Preposition from Middle English like, lyke, liche, lyche, lijc, liih (“similar to, like, equal to, comparable with”), from Middle English like (adjective) and like (adverb).
Adjective
like (comparative more like, superlative most like)
- Similar.
- 1843, Thomas Carlyle, Past and Present, book 2, ch. 3, Landlord Edmund
- […] and this is not a sky, it is a Soul and living Face! Nothing liker the Temple of the Highest, bright with some real effulgence of the Highest, is seen in this world.
- 1843, Thomas Carlyle, Past and Present, book 2, ch. 3, Landlord Edmund
- (obsolete) Likely; probable.
- 1668, Robert South, The Messiah's Sufferings for the Sins of the People (sermon, March 20, 1668)
- But it is like the jolly world about us will scoff at the paradox of these practices.
- 1668, Robert South, The Messiah's Sufferings for the Sins of the People (sermon, March 20, 1668)
Hyponyms
Derived terms
Related terms
- as like as not
Translations
Adverb
like (comparative more like, superlative most like)
- (obsolete, colloquial) Likely.
- 1599, William Shakespeare, Much Ado About Nothing, Act 2 Scene 3
- DON PEDRO. May be she doth but counterfeit.
- CLAUDIO. Faith, like enough. [= Indeed, quite likely.]
- 1599, William Shakespeare, Much Ado About Nothing, Act 2 Scene 3
- (archaic or rare) In a like or similar manner.
- Like as a father pitieth his children, so the Lord pitieth them that fear him.
Noun
like (countable and uncountable, plural likes)
- (sometimes as the likes of) Someone similar to a given person, or something similar to a given object; a comparative; a type; a sort.
- 1935, Winston Churchill on T.E. Lawrence
- We shall never see his like again.
- 1935, Winston Churchill on T.E. Lawrence
- (golf) The stroke that equalizes the number of strokes played by the opposing player or side.
Synonyms
- ilk
Antonyms
- antithesis, opposite
Derived terms
- like-for-like
Translations
Conjunction
like
- (colloquial) As, the way.
- 1966, Advertising slogan for Winston cigarettes
- Winston tastes good like a cigarette should
- 1978, "Do Unto Others" by Bob Dylan
- But if you do right to me, baby
- I’ll do right to you, too
- Ya got to do unto others
- Like you’d have them, like you’d have them, do unto you
- 1966, Advertising slogan for Winston cigarettes
- As if; as though.
Usage notes
- The American Heritage Dictionary opines that using like as a conjunction, instead of as, the way, as if, or as though, is informal; it has, however, been routine since the Middle English period. AHD4 says "Writers since Chaucer's time have used like as a conjunction, but 19th-century and 20th-century critics have been so vehement in their condemnations of this usage that a writer who uses the construction in formal style risks being accused of illiteracy or worse", and recommends using as in formal speech and writing. OED does not tag it as colloquial or nonstandard, but notes, "Used as conj[unction]: = 'like as', as. Now generally condemned as vulgar or slovenly, though examples may be found in many recent writers of standing."
Derived terms
- feel like, look like, seem like, sound like
Preposition
like
- Similar to, reminiscent of.
- Typical of
- It would be just like Achilles to be sulking in his tent.
- Approximating
- Popcorn costs something like $10 dollars at the movies.
- In the manner of, similarly to.
- He doesn't act like a president.
- Such as
- It's for websites like Wikipedia.
- As if there would be.
- It looks like a hot summer in Europe.
Synonyms
- (such as): for example, such as, (archaic) as
Antonyms
- unlike
Derived terms
- like a bull at a gate
Translations
Particle
like
- (colloquial, Scotland, Ireland, Tyneside, Teesside, Liverpudlian) A delayed filler.
- (colloquial) A mild intensifier.
- 1972, Charles M. Schulz, Peanuts, December 1:
- [Sally Brown:] Christmas is getting all you can get while the getting is good.
[Charlie Brown:] GIVING! The only real joy is GIVING!
[Sally Brown, rolling her eyes:] Like, wow!
- [Sally Brown:] Christmas is getting all you can get while the getting is good.
- 1972, Charles M. Schulz, Peanuts, December 1:
- (colloquial) indicating approximation or uncertainty
- (colloquial, slang) When preceded by any form of the verb to be, used to mean “to say” or “to think”; used to precede an approximate quotation or paraphrase.
- 2006, Lily Allen, Knock 'Em Out
- You're just doing your own thing and some one comes out the blue,
- They're like, "Alright"
- What ya saying, "Yeah can I take your digits?"
- And you're like, "no not in a million years, you're nasty please leave me alone."
- 2006, Lily Allen, Knock 'Em Out
Synonyms
- (delayed filler): I mean, you know
- (mild intensifier): I mean, well, you know
- (indicating approximation or uncertainty): I mean, well, you know
- (colloquial: used to precede paraphrased quotations): be all, go
Usage notes
The use as a quotative is informal. It is commonly used by young people, and commonly disliked by older generations, especially in repeated use. It may be combined with the use of the present tense as a narrative. Similar terms are to go and all, as in I go, “Why did you do that?” and he goes, “I don't know” and I was all, “Why did you do that?” and he was all, “I don't know.” These expressions can imply that the attributed remark which follows is representative rather than necessarily an exact quotation; however, in speech these structures do tend to require mimicking the original speaker's inflection in a way said would not.
Excessive use of "like" as a meaningless filler is widely criticised.
Translations
Interjection
like
- (Liverpudlian, Tyneside) Used to place emphasis upon a statement.
Etymology 3
From like (adverb) and like (adjective).
Verb
like (third-person singular simple present likes, present participle liking, simple past and past participle liked)
- (chiefly dialectal, intransitive) To be likely.
References
- A Dictionary of North East Dialect, Bill Griffiths, 2005, Northumbria University Press, ?ISBN
- like at OneLook Dictionary Search
Anagrams
- Kiel, Kile, kile, liek
Danish
Etymology
Borrowed from English like.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [l?j??]
Noun
like n (singular definite liket, plural indefinite likes)
- (Internet) like
Verb
like (imperative like, infinitive at like, present tense liker, past tense likede, perfect tense har liket)
- (Internet) like
French
Pronunciation
- Homophones: likent, likes
Verb
like
- first-person singular present indicative of liker
- third-person singular present indicative of liker
- first-person singular present subjunctive of liker
- third-person singular present subjunctive of liker
- second-person singular imperative of liker
German
Verb
like
- inflection of liken:
- first-person singular present
- first/third-person singular subjunctive I
- singular imperative
Hawaiian
Etymology
From Proto-Eastern Polynesian *lite. Compare Maori rite.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?li.ke/, [?like]
Verb
like
- (stative) like, alike, similar
Derived terms
- ho?olike: to make things equal, to make things similar (less common)
- ho?oh?like: to make things equal, to make things similar (more common)
References
- “like” in the Hawaiian Dictionary, Revised and Enlarged Edition, University of Hawaii Press, 1986
Norwegian Bokmål
Etymology 1
From Old Norse líka
Verb
like (imperative lik, present tense liker, simple past likte, past participle likt)
- to like
Etymology 2
Adjective
like
- definite singular of lik
- plural of lik
Etymology 3
Adverb
like
- as, equally
Derived terms
- likefullt, like fullt
- likeledes
- likeså
References
- “like” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /²li?k?/
Etymology 1
From Old Norse líka
Alternative forms
- lika
Verb
like (imperative lik or like, present tense likar or liker, simple past lika or likte, past participle lika or likt)
- to like
Etymology 2
Adjective
like
- definite singular of lik
- plural of lik
Etymology 3
From Old Norse líka
Adverb
like
- as, equally
- just, immediately
References
- “like” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Scots
Etymology
From Old English l?cian (“to be pleasing”)
Verb
like (third-person singular present likes, present participle likin, past likit, past participle likit)
- To like.
- To be hesitant to do something.
- To love somebody or something.
Adverb
like (not comparable)
- like
Interjection
like
- (South Scots) Used to place emphasis upon a statement.
Spanish
Etymology
From English like.
Noun
like m (plural likes)
- (Internet slang) like
Swedish
Adjective
like
- absolute definite natural masculine form of lik.
Noun
like c
- match (someone similarly skillful)
Declension
like From the web:
- what like it's hard
- what like it's hard meme
- what like charges do
- what likewise mean
- what like it's hard quote
- what likely explains the poor standing
- what like it's hard legally blonde
- what like terms
affect
English
Etymology 1
From Middle English affecten, from Latin affect?re, from Latin affectus, the participle stem of Latin afficere (“to act upon, influence, affect, attack with disease”), from ad- + facere (“to make, do”).
Pronunciation
- enPR: ?.f?kt', IPA(key): /??f?kt/
- Rhymes: -?kt
Verb
affect (third-person singular simple present affects, present participle affecting, simple past and past participle affected)
- (transitive) To influence or alter.
- Synonyms: alter, change, have an effect on, have an impact on, influence
- (transitive) To move to emotion.
- Synonyms: move, touch
- 1757, Edmund Burke, A Philosophical Enquiry into the Origin of Our Ideas of the Sublime and Beautiful
- A consideration of the rationale of our passions seems to me very necessary for all who would affect them upon solid and pure principles.
- (transitive, pathology) Of an illness or condition, to infect or harm (a part of the body).
- Synonyms: attack, harm, infect
- (transitive, archaic) To dispose or incline.
- (transitive, archaic) To tend to by affinity or disposition.
- The drops of every fluid affect a round figure.
- (transitive, archaic) To assign; to appoint.
- One of the domestics was affected to his special service.
Usage notes
Affect and effect are sometimes confused. Affect conveys influence over something that already exists, but effect indicates the manifestation of new or original ideas or entities:
- "...new policies have effected major changes in government."
- "...new policies have affected major changes in government."
The former indicates that major changes were made as a result of new policies, while the latter indicates that before new policies, major changes were in place, and that the new policies had some influence over these existing changes.
The verbal noun uses of affect are distinguished from the verbal noun uses of effect more clearly than the regular verb forms. An affect is something that acts or acted upon something else. However, an effect is the result of an action (by something else).
Conjugation
Derived terms
- affectingly
Translations
Etymology 2
From Middle English affecten, from Anglo-Norman affecter (“strive after”), Middle French affecter (“feign”), and their source, Latin affect?re (“to strive after, aim to do, pursue, imitate with dissimulation, feign”), frequentative of afficere (“to act upon, influence”) (see Etymology 1, above).
Pronunciation
- enPR: ?f?kt', IPA(key): /??f?kt/
- Rhymes: -?kt
Verb
affect (third-person singular simple present affects, present participle affecting, simple past and past participle affected)
- (transitive) To make a show of; to put on a pretense of; to feign; to assume. To make a false display of. [from 16th c.]
- Synonyms: fake, simulate, feign
- (obsolete, transitive) To aim for, to try to obtain. [15th-19th c.]
- (transitive, rare) To feel affection for (someone); to like, be fond of. [from 16th c.]
- c. 1589, William Shakespeare, The Two Gentlemen of Verona, Act III, Scene 1,[1]
- There is a Lady in Verona heere
- Whom I affect: but she is nice, and coy,
- And naught esteemes my aged eloquence.
- 1596, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, VI.10:
- From that day forth she gan to him affect, / And daily more her favour to augment […]
- 1655, Thomas Fuller, The Church-History of Britain, London: John Williams, Book 5, p. 173,[2]
- As for Queen Katharine, he rather respected, then affected; rather honoured, then loved her.
- 1663, Samuel Butler, Hudibras, part 1, canto 1:
- But when he pleased to show 't, his speech / In loftiness of sound was rich; / A Babylonish dialect, / Which learned pedants much affect.
- c. 1589, William Shakespeare, The Two Gentlemen of Verona, Act III, Scene 1,[1]
- (transitive, obsolete) To show a fondness for (something); to choose. [from 16th c.]
- 1603, John Florio, translating Michel de Montaigne, Essays, III.9:
- Amongst humane conditions this one is very common, that we are rather pleased with strange things then with our owne; we love changes, affect alterations, and like innovations.
- c. 1607, William Shakespeare, Timon of Athens, Act I, Scene 2,[3]
- Go, let him have a table by himself, for he does neither affect company, nor is he fit for’t, indeed.
- 1825, William Hazlitt, “On the Conduct of life: or Advice to a schoolboy” in Table-Talk Volume II, Paris: A. & W. Galignani, p. 284,[4]
- Do not affect the society of your inferiors in rank, nor court that of the great.
- 1603, John Florio, translating Michel de Montaigne, Essays, III.9:
Derived terms
- affected
- affectedly
- affectedness
- affectation
- affecter
Translations
Etymology 3
From Middle English affect, from Latin affectus, adfectus (“a state of mind or body produced by some (external) influence, especially sympathy or love”), from afficere (“to act upon, influence”)
Pronunciation
- enPR: ?'f?kt, IPA(key): /?æ.f?kt/
Noun
affect (plural affects)
- (obsolete) One's mood or inclination; mental state. [14th-17th c.]
- (obsolete) A desire, an appetite. [16th-17th c.]
- (psychology) A subjective feeling experienced in response to a thought or other stimulus; mood, emotion, especially as demonstrated in external physical signs. [from 19th c.]
- 1999, Joyce Crick, translating Sigmund Freud, The Interpretation of Dreams, Oxford 2008, p. 62:
- if we are afraid of robbers in a dream, the robbers are certainly imaginary, but the fear is real. This draws our attention to the fact that the development of affects [transl. Affectentwicklung] in dreams is not amenable to the judgement we make of the rest of the dream-content [...].
- 2004, Jeffrey Greenberg & Thomas A Pyszczynski, Handbook of Experimental Existential Psychology, p. 407:
- A third study demonstrated that the effects of self-affirmation on self-regulated performance were not due to positive affect.
- 1999, Joyce Crick, translating Sigmund Freud, The Interpretation of Dreams, Oxford 2008, p. 62:
Usage notes
Affect and effect can both be used as nouns or verbs, but when used as a noun the word affect is limited to the above psychology uses and the definitions for effect are much more common. See also the usage notes as a verb above.
Derived terms
- affect display
- flat affect
- labile affect
Related terms
- affective
- affection
- affectionate
Translations
References
- affect in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
- Douglas Harper (2001–2021) , “affect”, in Online Etymology Dictionary
French
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin affectus.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /a.f?kt/
Noun
affect m (plural affects)
- (psychology, philosophy) affect; emotion
Related terms
- affectif
See also
- intellect
Further reading
- “affect” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
Scots
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /??f?k(t)/
Etymology 1
Verb
affect (third-person singular present affects, present participle affectin, past affectit, past participle affectit)
- to affect
- (law) to burden property with a fixed charge or payment, or other condition or restriction
Etymology 2
Noun
affect (plural affects)
- affect, mood
References
- Eagle, Andy, ed. (2016) The Online Scots Dictionary, Scots Online.
affect From the web:
- what affects the rate of photosynthesis
- what affects blood pressure
- what affects your credit score
- what affects enzyme activity
- what affects climate
- what affects gas prices
- what affects gravity
- what affects kinetic energy
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