different between lighten vs indemnify
lighten
English
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?la?.t?n/
- Rhymes: -a?t?n
Etymology 1
From Middle English lightnen, equivalent to light +? -en.
Verb
lighten (third-person singular simple present lightens, present participle lightening, simple past and past participle lightened)
- (transitive) To make brighter or clearer; to illuminate.
- 1667, John Dryden, Annus Mirabilis, London: Henry Herringman, stanza 231, p. 59,[1]
- A Key of fire ran all along the shore,
- And lighten’d all the river with the blaze:
- 1667, John Dryden, Annus Mirabilis, London: Henry Herringman, stanza 231, p. 59,[1]
- (intransitive) To become brighter or clearer; to brighten.
- (intransitive, archaic) To burst forth or dart, as lightning; to shine with, or like, lightning; to flash.
- 1595, George Peele, The Old Wives’ Tale, The Malone Society Reprints, 1908, line 500,[2]
- Enter the Conjurer; it lightens and thunders […]
- c. 1599, William Shakespeare, Julius Caesar, Act I, Scene 3,[3]
- […] this dreadful night,
- That thunders, lightens, opens graves, and roars
- As doth the lion.
- 1595, George Peele, The Old Wives’ Tale, The Malone Society Reprints, 1908, line 500,[2]
- (transitive) To emit or disclose in, or as if in, lightning; to flash out, like lightning.
- c. 1595, William Shakespeare, Richard II, Act III, Scene 3,[4]
- […] behold his eye,
- As bright as is the eagle’s, lightens forth
- Controlling majesty:
- c. 1595, William Shakespeare, Richard II, Act III, Scene 3,[4]
- To illuminate with knowledge; to enlighten.
- 1599, John Davies, “Of the Soule of man, and the immortalitie thereof” in Nosce Teipsum. This Oracle Expounded in Two Elegies, London: John Standish, p. 10,[5]
- O Light which mak’st the Light, which makes the Day,
- Which setst the Eye without and Mind within,
- Lighten my spirit with one cleare heavenly ray,
- Which now to view it selfe doth first begin.
- 1599, John Davies, “Of the Soule of man, and the immortalitie thereof” in Nosce Teipsum. This Oracle Expounded in Two Elegies, London: John Standish, p. 10,[5]
Conjugation
Derived terms
- lighten up
Translations
Etymology 2
From Middle English lightnen, equivalent to light +? -en.
Verb
lighten (third-person singular simple present lightens, present participle lightening, simple past and past participle lightened)
- (transitive) To alleviate; to reduce the burden of.
- (transitive) To make light or lighter in weight.
- (transitive) To make less serious or more cheerful.
- 1611, King James Version of the Bible, Psalms 34:5,[6]
- They looked unto him, were lightened: and their faces were not ashamed.
- 1611, King James Version of the Bible, Psalms 34:5,[6]
- (intransitive) To become light or lighter in weight.
- (intransitive) To become less serious or more cheerful.
Conjugation
Derived terms
- lighten up
Translations
Etymology 3
From light +? -en.
Verb
lighten (third-person singular simple present lightens, present participle lightening, simple past and past participle lightened)
- To descend; to light.
- Book of Common Prayer
- O Lord, let thy mercy lighten upon us.
- Book of Common Prayer
Related terms
- alight
Anagrams
- enlight, lething
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indemnify
English
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?n?d?m.n?.fa?/
Etymology 1
From indemn (“unhurt”) + -ify (forming verbs)
Verb
indemnify (third-person singular simple present indemnifies, present participle indemnifying, simple past and past participle indemnified)
- To secure against loss or damage; to insure.
- 1670, Sir William Temple, letter to Lord Arlington, in The Works of Sir William Temple, page 101:
- The states must at last engage to the merchants here that they will indemnify them from all that shall fall out.
- 1670, Sir William Temple, letter to Lord Arlington, in The Works of Sir William Temple, page 101:
- (chiefly law) To compensate or reimburse someone for some expense or injury.
- 1906, Civil Code of the State of California[1], page 405:
- The lender of a thing for use must indemnify the borrower for damage caused by defects or vices in it, which he knew at the time of lending, and concealed from the borrower.
- 1906, Civil Code of the State of California[1], page 405:
Derived terms
- indemnifiable
- indemnification
- indemnifier
Related terms
- indemnity
Translations
Etymology 2
From in- (“into”) + damnify (“to injure; to wrong”), assimilated to indemn and indemnify (“secure against loss; compensate, reimburse”).
Verb
indemnify (third-person singular simple present indemnifies, present participle indemnifying, simple past and past participle indemnified)
- (obsolete, rare) to hurt, to harm
- 1583, Thomas Stocker's translation of A tragicall historie of the troubles and ciuile warres of the lowe Countries, i. 63a
- He... did not belieue that his Maiestie by this occasion coulde any way be endemnified.
- 1593, Thomas Lodge, Life & Death of William Long Beard, E ij
- What harme the Rhodians haue doone thee, that thou so much indemnifiest them?
- 1583, Thomas Stocker's translation of A tragicall historie of the troubles and ciuile warres of the lowe Countries, i. 63a
References
indemnify From the web:
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