different between elevate vs aggravate
elevate
English
Etymology
From Latin elevatus, past participle of elevare (“to raise, lift up”), from e (“out”) + levare (“to make light, to lift”), from levis (“light”); see levity and lever.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /??l?ve?t/
Verb
elevate (third-person singular simple present elevates, present participle elevating, simple past and past participle elevated)
- (transitive) To raise (something) to a higher position.
- Synonyms: lift, raise
- Antonyms: drop, lower
- 1534, William Marshall and George Joye, A Prymer in Englyshe, London: William Marshall,[1]
- The Grace or Blessynge of the table to be sayed of chyldren standynge before it, thyr handes eleuated and ioyned to gyder
- c. 1610, William Shakespeare, The Winter’s Tale, Act V, Scene 2,[2]
- She had one eye declined for the loss of her husband, another elevated that the oracle was fulfilled:
- 1750, Samuel Johnson, The Rambler, No. 25, 12 June, 1750, Volume 1, London: J. Payne and J. Bouquet, 1752, p. 216,[3]
- We know that a few strokes of the axe will lop a cedar; but what arts of cultivation can elevate a shrub?
- 1896, Joseph Conrad, An Outcast of the Islands, London: T. Fisher Unwin, Part 2, Chapter 5, p. 138,[4]
- Abdulla expressed his surprise by elevating his eyebrows.
- (transitive) To promote (someone) to a higher rank.
- Synonyms: exalt, promote
- Antonym: demote
- 1682, Aphra Behn, The Roundheads or, The Good Old Cause, London: D. Brown et al., Act I, Scene 1, p. 6,[5]
- Hard Fate of Greatness, We so highly Elevated
- Are more expos’d to Censure than the little ones,
- 1792, Mary Wollstonecraft, A Vindication of the Rights of Woman, London: J. Johnson, Part 1, Chapter 1, p. 24,[6]
- Nothing can set the regal character in a more contemptible point of view, than the various crimes that have elevated men to the supreme dignity.
- 1961, Joseph Heller, Catch-22, New York: Dell, Chapter 29, p. 334,[7]
- […] that’s the way things go when you elevate mediocre people to positions of authority.
- 2014, A. D. Wright, The Early Modern Papacy
- Much has also been made recently of the distorting effects exerted on the administration of Urban VIII by the interests of the Barberini nephews, especially of the two elevated to cardinal status.
- 2014, Guy W. Lecky-Thompson, Inside SharePoint 2007 Administration (page 55)
- At that point, you have to elevate the account's rights, activate the feature, and then demote the account again.
- (transitive) To confer honor or nobility on (someone).
- Synonyms: ennoble, exalt, honor
- 1591, Edmund Spenser, “Virgils Gnat” in Complaints, London: William Ponsonbie,[8]
- That none, whom fortune freely doth aduaunce,
- Himselfe therefore to heauen should eleuate:
- For loftie type of honour through the glaunce
- Of enuies dart, is downe in dust prostrate;
- (transitive) To make (something or someone) more worthy or of greater value.
- 1682, John Dryden, The Medal, Edinburgh, “Epistle to the Whigs,”[9]
- […] if you encourage a young Beginner, who knows but he may elevate his stile a little,
- 1768, William Gilpin, An Essay upon Prints, London: J. Robson, Chapter 1, p. 33,[10]
- He is the true artist, who copies nature; but, where he finds her mean, elevates her from his own ideas of beauty.
- 1850, Charles Dickens, David Copperfield, Leipzig: Bernhard Tauchnitz, Volume 2, Chapter 4, p. 60,[11]
- You can’t think how it elevates him in my opinion, to know for certain that he’s really conscientious!
- 1682, John Dryden, The Medal, Edinburgh, “Epistle to the Whigs,”[9]
- (transitive) To direct (the mind, thoughts, etc.) toward more worthy things.
- 1665, Robert Boyle, Occasional Reflections upon Several Subjects, London: Henry Herringman, Section 4, Chapter 4, pp. 73-74,[12]
- […] the devout Christian improves the Blessings he receives of this inferiour World, to elevate his mind above it:
- 1999, Ahdaf Soueif, The Map of Love, New York: Anchor Books, 2000, Chapter 18,[13]
- On the whole I would regard serious art as a means to elevate the emotions and educate the spirit […]
- 1665, Robert Boyle, Occasional Reflections upon Several Subjects, London: Henry Herringman, Section 4, Chapter 4, pp. 73-74,[12]
- (transitive) To increase the intensity or degree of (something).
- Synonyms: increase, raise
- Antonyms: decrease, diminish, lower, reduce
- (dated) To increase the loudness of (a sound, especially one's voice).
- 1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, London: A. Millar, Volume 5, Book 14, Chapter 10, p. 191,[14]
- […] the Uncle had more than once elevated his Voice, so as to be heard down Stairs;
- 1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, London: A. Millar, Volume 5, Book 14, Chapter 10, p. 191,[14]
- (transitive, obsolete) To lift the spirits of (someone)
- Synonyms: cheer up, elate
- Antonyms: depress, sadden
- 1667, John Milton, Paradise Lost, Book 8, lines 633-634,[15]
- […] Hope elevates, and joy
- Bright’ns his Crest,
- 1759, Adam Smith, The Theory of Moral Sentiments, Edinburgh: A. Kincaid and J. Bell, Part 1, Section 2, Chapter 1, p. 20,[16]
- It gives us the spleen […] to see another too happy or too much elevated, as we call it, with any little piece of good fortune.
- (dated, colloquial, humorous) To intoxicate in a slight degree; to make (someone) tipsy.
- 1755, George Colman and Bonnell Thornton, The Connoisseur, No. 91, 23 October, 1755, Volume 2, London: R. Baldwin, 1756, p. 557,[17]
- Steele entertained them till he was tipsy; when the same wine that stupified him, only served to elevate Addison, who took up the ball just as Steele dropt it, and kept it up for the rest of the evening.
- 1791, James Boswell, The Life of Samuel Johnson, London: Charles Dilly, Volume 2, 1778,[18]
- [Johnson,] from drinking only water, supposed every body who drank wine to be elevated
- 1822, Walter Scott, Peveril of the Peak, Edinburgh: Archibald, Constable, Volume 1, Chapter 3, p. 92,[19]
- […] the elevated Cavaliers […] sent to Roger Raine of the Peveril Arms […] for two tubs of merry stingo
- 1755, George Colman and Bonnell Thornton, The Connoisseur, No. 91, 23 October, 1755, Volume 2, London: R. Baldwin, 1756, p. 557,[17]
- (obsolete, Latinism) To attempt to make (something) seem less important, remarkable, etc.
- Synonyms: lessen, detract, disparage
- 1660, Jeremy Taylor, Ductor Dubitantium, London: Richard Royston, Volume 1, Chapter 4, Rule 2, p. 126,[20]
- […] the Arabian Physicians […] endevour to elevate and lessen the thing [i.e. belief in the virgin birth of Jesus], by saying, It is not wholly beyond the force of nature, that a Virgin should conceive […]
Related terms
- elevatable
- elevation
- elevator
- elevatory
Translations
Adjective
elevate (comparative more elevate, superlative most elevate)
- (obsolete) Elevated; raised aloft.
- 1548, Edward Hall, The Union of the Two Noble and Illustre Families of Lancastre and Yorke, London: Richard Grafton, Henry VII, year 6,[21]
- The sayde crosse was .iii. tymes deuoutly eleuate, and at euery exaltacion, ye Moores beyng within the cytie, roared, howled and cryed,
- 1667, John Milton, Paradise Lost, Book 2, lines 567-578,[22]
- Others apart sat on a Hill retir’d,
- In thoughts more elevate,
- 1548, Edward Hall, The Union of the Two Noble and Illustre Families of Lancastre and Yorke, London: Richard Grafton, Henry VII, year 6,[21]
Further reading
- elevate in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
- elevate in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
Italian
Verb
elevate
- second-person plural present indicative of elevare
- second-person plural imperative of elevare
- feminine plural of elevato
Latin
Verb
?lev?te
- second-person plural present active imperative of ?lev?
elevate From the web:
- what elevates blood pressure
- what elevates liver enzymes
- what elevates triglycerides
- what elevates cholesterol
- what elevates the temperature of the planet
- what elevates heart rate
- what elevates d dimer
- what elevates the scapula
aggravate
English
Etymology
From Latin aggravatus, past participle of aggravare (“to add to the weight of, make worse, oppress, annoy”), from ad (“to”) + gravare (“to make heavy”), from gravis (“heavy”). See grave and compare aggrieve and aggrege.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?æ?.??.ve??t/
Verb
aggravate (third-person singular simple present aggravates, present participle aggravating, simple past and past participle aggravated)
- To make (an offence) worse or more severe; to increase in offensiveness or heinousness. [from 16th c.]
- 1709 Joseph Addison, The Tatler
- The defense made by the prisoner's counsel did rather aggravate than extenuate his crime.
- 1709 Joseph Addison, The Tatler
- (by extension) To make worse; to exacerbate. [from 16th c.]
- 1837, William H. Prescott, History of the Reign of Ferdinand and Isabella the Catholic
- […] to aggravate the horrors of the scene
- 1837, William H. Prescott, History of the Reign of Ferdinand and Isabella the Catholic
- (now rare) To give extra weight or intensity to; to exaggerate, to magnify. [from 16th c.]
- (obsolete) To pile or heap (something heavy or onerous) on or upon someone. [16th–18th c.]
- 1790, Edmund Burke, Reflections on the Revolution in France, Oxford 2009, p. 28:
- In order to lighten the crown still further, they aggravated responsibility on ministers of state.
- 1790, Edmund Burke, Reflections on the Revolution in France, Oxford 2009, p. 28:
- (now chiefly colloquial) To exasperate; to provoke or irritate. [from 16th c.]
- 1748, Samuel Richardson, Clarissa:
- If both were to aggravate her parents, as my brother and sister do mine.
- 1977, Alistair Horne, A Savage War of Peace, New York Review Books 2006, p. 85:
- Ben Bella was aggravated by having to express himself in French because the Egyptians were unable to understand his Arabic.
- 1748, Samuel Richardson, Clarissa:
Usage notes
Although the meaning "to exasperate, to annoy" has been in continuous usage since the 16th century, a large number of usage mavens have contested it since the 1870s. Opinions have swayed from this proscription since 1965, but it still garners disapproval in Garner's Modern American Usage (2009), at least for formal writing.
Synonyms
- (to make worse): heighten, intensify, increase, magnify, exaggerate, exacerbate
- (to exasperate): provoke, irritate, exasperate
- See also Thesaurus:annoy
Antonyms
- (to make worse): alleviate, mitigate
Related terms
- aggravation
Translations
Further reading
- aggravate in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
- aggravate in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
Italian
Verb
aggravate
- second-person plural present indicative of aggravare
- second-person plural imperative of aggravare
- feminine plural of aggravato
Latin
Verb
aggrav?te
- second-person plural present active imperative of aggrav?
aggravate From the web:
- what aggravates hip bursitis
- what aggravates a hiatal hernia
- what aggravates gout
- what aggravates dupuytren's contracture
- what aggravates diverticulitis
- what aggravates si joint pain
- what aggravates arthritis
- what aggravates restless leg syndrome
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