different between labor vs drudgery

English

Alternative forms

• labour (non-American spelling)

Pronunciation

• (US) IPA^(key): /?le?.b?/
• Rhymes: -e?b?(r)

Noun

labor (countable and uncountable, plural labors)

1. Effort expended on a particular task; toil, work.
2. That which requires hard work for its accomplishment; that which demands effort.
3. (uncountable) Workers in general; the working class, the workforce; sometimes specifically the labour movement, organised labour.
4. (uncountable) A political party or force aiming or claiming to represent the interests of labour.
5. The act of a mother giving birth.
6. The time period during which a mother gives birth.
7. (nautical) The pitching or tossing of a vessel which results in the straining of timbers and rigging.
8. An old measure of land area in Mexico and Texas, approximately 177 acres.
9. (uncommon, zoology) A group of moles.

Derived terms

Related terms

• laboral
• laborious

Translations

Verb

labor (third-person singular simple present labors, present participle laboring, simple past and past participle labored)

1. US standard spelling of labour.

Translations

Anagrams

• Albor, Albro, Balor, Bolar, bolar, boral, lobar

Catalan

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin labor.

Pronunciation

• (Balearic, Central) IPA^(key): /l??bo/
• (Valencian) IPA^(key): /la?bo?/

Noun

labor m (plural labors)

1. labour, work

Hungarian

Etymology

Borrowed from German Labor.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?l?bor]
• Hyphenation: la?bor

Noun

labor (plural laborok)

1. laboratory

Declension

Synonyms

• laboratórium

References

Latin

Etymology 1

From Old Latin labos, of uncertain origin. Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *(s)leh?g?- (“to seize, take”), related to Ancient Greek ???????? (lambán?), Sanskrit ???? (labhate) ("take", "gain"). Sometimes connected with labo (“I totter”), but this is rejected by de Vaan.

Alternative forms

• labos

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /?la.bor/, [???äb?r]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /?la.bor/, [?l??b?r]

Noun

labor m (genitive lab?ris); third declension

2. work
3. labour, toil
4. (chiefly poetic) hardship, trouble, fatigue, suffering
5. illness

Declension

Third-declension noun.

Derived terms

• lab?r?

Descendants

Etymology 2

From Proto-Indo-European *(s)leh?b- (“to hang loosely, be weak”). Cognate with lab?, English sleep.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /?la?.bor/, [???ä?b?r]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /?la.bor/, [?l??b?r]

Verb

l?bor (present infinitive l?b?, perfect active l?psus sum); third conjugation, deponent

2. slip, slide, glide
3. fall, sink down
4. slip, stumble
5. vanish, pass away, elapse, escape
6. be mistaken, err, commit a fault

Conjugation

This verb takes the future passive participle l?bundus instead of *l?bendus.

Derived terms

• coll?bor
• el?bor
• ill?bor
• l?b?s
• l?bilis
• l?bundus
• laps?
• l?psus
• rel?bor

Descendants

• English: lapse

References

• labor in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• labor in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• labor in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book?^[2], London: Macmillan and Co.
• labor in Ramminger, Johann (accessed 16 July 2016) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700?^[3], pre-publication website, 2005-2016

References

Anagrams

• albor, labr?

Spanish

Etymology

From Latin labor, lab?rem.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /la?bo?/, [la???o?]
• Rhymes: -o?

Noun

labor f (plural labores)

1. job, task
2. work, effort

   Synonyms: trabajo, obra

3. labor
4. needlework, embroidery

Related terms

• laboral
• laborar
• laborioso
• labrar

Derived terms

• estar por la labor

Further reading

• “labor” in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014.

English

Etymology

From drudge (“person who works in a low servile job”) +? -ery (suffix meaning ‘the art, craft, or practice of’ forming nouns).

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation, General American) IPA^(key): /?d??d???i/
• Hyphenation: drudg?e?ry

Noun

drudgery (countable and uncountable, plural drudgeries)

1. Exhausting, menial, and tedious work.

   Synonyms: chore, dogsbody work, (military) fatigue, (archaic) swink, toil; see also Thesaurus:drudgery

Alternative forms

• drudgerie (obsolete)

Derived terms

• drudgerous (rare)

Related terms

• drudge

Translations

References

Further reading

• Douglas Harper (2001–2021) , “drudgery”, in Online Etymology Dictionary