different between jurat vs surat

English

Etymology

From Medieval Latin i?r?tus (“sworn [man]”) or i?r?tum (“[that which is] sworn”), from Latin i?r? (“I swear an oath”). As a medieval office, via French jurat, via Occitan juré.

Pronunciation

• (UK) (written statement): IPA^(key): /?d????æt/
  (other senses): IPA^(key): /?d????æt/, /?????æ/
• (US) (all senses): IPA^(key): /?d????æt/

Noun

jurat (plural jurats)

1. (law) A sworn statement concerning where, when, and before whom an oath has been made.

   The affidavit's jurat reads "Sworn this __ day of ________, 20__, before me" and is followed by the notary's signature. Looks like she forgot to fill it in.

2. (law, obsolete) A sworn person, particularly:
   1. (law, historical) A medieval informant: a man sworn to provide information about crimes committed in his neighborhood.
   2. (law, obsolete) A juror.
   3. A councilman or alderman of the Cinque Ports.
   4. A magistrate of Channel Islands, serving for life, who forms part of the islands' royal court.

      Guernsey and Jersey have twelve jurats each, and Alderney six.

      • 1974, GB Edwards, The Book of Ebenezer Le Page, New York 2007, p. 179:

        The Jurat came of a good old Guernsey family which, in the Middle Ages, always had the sense to fight on the side paid best [...].

   5. (historical) A municipal officer of Bordeaux and certain other French towns.
   6. (historical, in French contexts) A member of any association sworn to do nothing against its internal rules.

Synonyms

• (informant): See Thesaurus:informant
• (juror): See juror
• (official of the Cinque Ports): alderman

See also

• (French official): échevin, consul, capitoul

References

• Oxford English Dictionary, 1st ed. "jurat, n.¹" and "jurat, n.²". Oxford University Press (Oxford), 1901.

Catalan

Etymology

From Old Occitan jurat, from Latin j?r?tus, i?r?tus.

Pronunciation

• (Balearic, Central) IPA^(key): /?u??at/
• (Valencian) IPA^(key): /d??u??at/
• Rhymes: -at

Noun

jurat m (plural jurats)

1. jury
2. juror
3. panel of judges
4. judge

Verb

jurat m (feminine jurada, masculine plural jurats, feminine plural jurades)

1. past participle of jurar

Further reading

• “jurat” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

French

Etymology

From Old French, borrowed from Old Occitan jurat, from Medieval Latin i?r?tus, noun use of the perfect passive participle of Latin i?r? (“swear or take an oath”) (compare the inherited French juré).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?y.?a/

Noun

jurat m (plural jurats)

1. A sworn man, particularly:
   1. (historical) A municipal officer of Bordeaux and certain other French towns prior to the French Revolution.
   2. (historical) A medieval court officer.
   3. (historical) A member of any association sworn to do nothing against its internal rules.

Further reading

• “jurat” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Latin

Verb

j?rat

1. third-person singular present active indicative of j?r?

Romanian

Etymology

Past participle of jura. Corresponds to Latin j?r?tus, i?r?tus. Noun sense partly based on French juré.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?u?rat/

Verb

jurat (past participle of jura)

1. vowed, swore
2. past participle of jura

Declension

Noun

jurat m (plural jura?i)

1. juror, member of a jury

Related terms

• juriu

References

• jurat in DEX online - Dic?ionare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)

English

Noun

surat (plural surats)

1. Alternative form of sura (“A chapter of the Qur'an”)

Anagrams

• Astur, S?tra, UARTs, ratus, sutra, s?tra

Bikol Central

Etymology

Borrowed from Malay surat.

Noun

surat

1. a letter, a correspondence; a written message
2. a mail

Verb

surat

1. to write

Catalan

Pronunciation

• (Balearic, Central, Valencian) IPA^(key): /su??at/
• Rhymes: -at

Verb

surat m (feminine surada, masculine plural surats, feminine plural surades)

1. past participle of surar

Indonesian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /su.rat/
• Rhymes: -urat, -rat, -at

Etymology 1

From Malay surat, from Proto-Malayic *surat, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *suRat (“to carve, to incise”).

Noun

surat (first-person possessive suratku, second-person possessive suratmu, third-person possessive suratnya)

1. document (original or official paper)
2. letter (written message)
3. (Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this sense?) inscription

Derived terms

Descendants

• ? Tetum: surat

Etymology 2

From Arabic ??????? (s?ra, “chapter of the Qur'an”).

Noun

surat (first-person possessive suratku, second-person possessive suratmu, third-person possessive suratnya)

1. (Islam) alternative form of surah (“sura”).

Anagrams

• ratus, turas

Further reading

• “surat” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Daring, Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 2016.

Javanese

Etymology

From Old Javanese surat, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *suRat (“to carve, to incise”).

Alternative forms

• Carakan: ?????
• Roman: soerat (dated)

Noun

surat (krama-ngoko surat)

1. (dialectal) letter

   Synonyms: layang, nawala

References

• "surat" in Tim Balai Bahasa Yogyakarta, Kamus Basa Jawa (Bausastra Jawa). Kanisius, Yogyakarta

Malay

Etymology

From Proto-Malayic *surat, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *suRat (“to carve, to incise”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /surat/
• Rhymes: -urat, -rat, -at

Noun

surat (Jawi spelling ?????, plural surat-surat, informal 1st possessive suratku, impolite 2nd possessive suratmu, 3rd possessive suratnya)

1. document (original or official paper)
2. letter (written message)

Derived terms

Descendants

• Indonesian: surat
  • ? Tetum: surat
• ? Bikol Central: surat
• ? Ternate: surat

Anagrams

• ratus, turas

Swedish

Verb

surat

1. supine of sura.

Anagrams

• rusat, rusta, rutas

Ternate

Etymology

Borrowed from Malay surat, from Proto-Malayic *surat.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?su?at/

Noun

surat

1. letter (written message)

References

Tetum

Etymology

Borrowed from Indonesian surat.

Noun

surat

1. letter (written message)

Turkish

Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish ?????, from Arabic ??????? (??ra).

Noun

surat (definite accusative surat?, plural suratlar)

1. face

   Synonym: yüz

Uzbek

Noun

surat (plural suratlar)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.