different between indigenous vs racial

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Late Latin indigenus (“native, born in a country”), from indi- (indu-), an old derivative of in (“in”), gen- the root of gign? (“give birth to”), and English -ous. Compare indigene, Ancient Greek ????????? (endogen?s, “born in the house”), and the separately formed endogenous.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?n?d?d??n?s/
• (General American) enPR: ?n-d?j??-n?s, ?n-d?j??-n?s, IPA^(key): /?n?d?d??n?s/, /?n?d?d??n?s/
• Rhymes: -?d??n?s, -?d??n?s
• Hyphenation: in?dig?e?nous

Adjective

indigenous (not comparable)

1. Born or originating in, native to a land or region, especially before an intrusion. [from 17th c.]
   • 1862, Henry David Thoreau, "Wild Apples: The History of the Apple Tree":

     Not only the Indian, but many indigenous insects, birds, and quadrupeds, welcomed the apple-tree to these shores.

   • 1997, Eduardo Galeano, Open Veins of Latin America: Five Centuries of the Pillage of a Continent, Monthly Review Press, page 17:

     Horses, like camels, had once been indigenous to Latin America but had become extinct.

   1. In particular, of or relating to a people (or their language or culture) that inhabited a region prior to the arrival of people of other cultures which became dominant (e.g., through colonialism), and which maintains a distinct culture.

2. Innate, inborn. [from 19th c.]
   • 1852, Harriet Beecher Stowe, Uncle Tom's Cabin, ch. 18:

     She was a native and essential cook, as much as Aunt Chloe,—cooking being an indigenous talent of the African race.

   • 1883, George MacDonald, "Stephen Archer" in Stephen Archer and Other Tales:

     He had all the tricks of a newspaper boy indigenous in him.

Usage notes

• Some style guides recommend capitalizing Indigenous in reference to the racial/ethnic/cultural category. (Lowercase indigenous has historically been more common.)

Synonyms

• (native): aboriginal, autochthonous, local; See also Thesaurus:native
• (innate, inborn): connatural, natural; See also Thesaurus:innate

Derived terms

Related terms

• indigena

Translations

References

References

• indigenous at OneLook Dictionary Search
• indigenous in Keywords for Today: A 21st Century Vocabulary, edited by The Keywords Project, Colin MacCabe, Holly Yanacek, 2018.
• indigenous in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

English

Etymology

1862, race +? -ial.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??e???l/
• Rhymes: -e???l

Adjective

racial (comparative more racial, superlative most racial)

1. Of or relating to a race (or a people).

   the racial complexion

Derived terms

Related terms

Translations

Noun

racial (plural racials)

1. (gaming) A skill possessed by all characters of a certain race.

Further reading

• "racial" in Raymond Williams, Keywords (revised), 1983, Fontana Press, page 248.

Anagrams

• Alaric, Arcila, Claira

Catalan

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• (Balearic, Central) IPA^(key): /r?.si?al/
• (Valencian) IPA^(key): /ra.si?al/

Adjective

racial (masculine and feminine plural racials)

1. racial

Related terms

• raça

Further reading

• “racial” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

French

Etymology

race +? -ial

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?a.sjal/

Adjective

racial (feminine singular raciale, masculine plural raciaux, feminine plural raciales)

1. racial

Related terms

• race
• racialement
• racialiser

Further reading

• “racial” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Anagrams

• raclai

Galician

Pronunciation

Adjective

racial m or f (plural raciais)

1. racial

Further reading

• “racial” in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega, Royal Galician Academy.

Portuguese

Etymology

raça +? -ial

Pronunciation

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /?a?sjaw/
• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /???sja?/

Adjective

racial m or f (plural raciais, comparable)

1. Of or relating to a race of people; racial.
2. (biology) Of or related to a race or subspecies of a population; racial.
3. Of or relating to a breed of animal; racial.

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from English racial; compare raza (“race”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Spain) /ra??jal/, [ra??jal]
• IPA^(key): (Latin America) /ra?sjal/, [ra?sjal]
• Hyphenation: ra?cial

Adjective

racial (plural raciales)

1. racial

Related terms

• raza

Further reading

• “racial” in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014.