different between hypothesis vs image

English

Etymology

Recorded since 1596, from Middle French hypothese, from Late Latin hypothesis, from Ancient Greek ???????? (hupóthesis, “base, basis of an argument, supposition”, literally “a placing under”), itself from ????????? (hupotíth?mi, “I set before, suggest”), from ??? (hupó, “below”) + ?????? (títh?mi, “I put, place”).

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /ha??p???s?s/, /h??p???s?s/, /h??p???s?s/, /-?s?s/, /-?s?s/
• (US) IPA^(key): /ha??p??.??.s?s/

Noun

hypothesis (plural hypotheses)

1. (sciences) Used loosely, a tentative conjecture explaining an observation, phenomenon or scientific problem that can be tested by further observation, investigation and/or experimentation. As a scientific term of art, see the attached quotation. Compare to theory, and quotation given there.
   • 2005, Ronald H. Pine, http://www.csicop.org/specialarticles/show/intelligent_design_or_no_model_creationism, 15 October 2005:

     Far too many of us have been taught in school that a scientist, in the course of trying to figure something out, will first come up with a "hypothesis" (a guess or surmise—not necessarily even an "educated" guess). ... [But t]he word "hypothesis" should be used, in science, exclusively for a reasoned, sensible, knowledge-informed explanation for why some phenomenon exists or occurs. An hypothesis can be as yet untested; can have already been tested; may have been falsified; may have not yet been falsified, although tested; or may have been tested in a myriad of ways countless times without being falsified; and it may come to be universally accepted by the scientific community. An understanding of the word "hypothesis," as used in science, requires a grasp of the principles underlying Occam's Razor and Karl Popper's thought in regard to "falsifiability"—including the notion that any respectable scientific hypothesis must, in principle, be "capable of" being proven wrong (if it should, in fact, just happen to be wrong), but none can ever be proved to be true. One aspect of a proper understanding of the word "hypothesis," as used in science, is that only a vanishingly small percentage of hypotheses could ever potentially become a theory.

2. (general) An assumption taken to be true for the purpose of argument or investigation.
3. (grammar) The antecedent of a conditional statement.

Synonyms

• supposition
• theory
• thesis
• educated guess
• guess
• See also Thesaurus:supposition

Derived terms

Related terms

Translations

Latin

Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ???????? (hupóthesis, “hypothesis”, noun).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /hy?po.t?e.sis/, [h??p?t???s??s?]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /i?po.te.sis/, [i?p??t??s?is]

Noun

hypothesis f (genitive hypothesis or hypothese?s or hypothesios); third declension

1. hypothesis

Declension

Third-declension noun (Greek-type, i-stem, i-stem).

¹Found sometimes in Medieval and New Latin.

• There is also genitive plural hypothese?n.
• The genitive singular is also spelled hypothese?s and the genitive plural hypothese?n.

English

Etymology

From Middle English ymage, borrowed from Old French image, from Latin im?g? (“a copy, likeness, image”), from Proto-Indo-European *h?eym-; the same PIE root is the source of imitari (“to copy, imitate”); see imitate.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??m?d??/
• Rhymes: -?m?d?
• Hyphenation: im?age

Noun

image (plural images)

1. An optical or other representation of a real object; a graphic; a picture.
2. A mental picture of something not real or not present.
3. A statue or idol.
4. (computing) A file that contains all information needed to produce a live working copy. (See disk image and image copy.)

   Most game console emulators do not come with any ROM images for copyright reasons.

5. A characteristic of a person, group or company etc., style, manner of dress, how one is, or wishes to be, perceived by others.
6. (mathematics) Something mapped to by a function.

   The number 6 is the image of 3 under f that is defined as f(x) = 2x.

7. (mathematics) The subset of a codomain comprising those elements that are images of something.

   The image of this step function is the set of integers.

8. (radio) A form of interference: a weaker "copy" of a strong signal that occurs at a different frequency.
9. (obsolete) Show; appearance; cast.

   • The face of things a frightful image bears.

Synonyms

• (representation): picture
• (mental picture): idea
• (something mapped to): value
• (subset of the codomain): range

Hyponyms

Derived terms

Related terms

Descendants

• German: Image
• Slovak: imidž
• Russian: ?????? (ímidž)
  • Armenian: ???? (imi?)

Translations

Verb

image (third-person singular simple present images, present participle imaging, simple past and past participle imaged)

1. (transitive) To represent by an image or symbol; to portray.
   • 1718, Alexander Pope, The Iliad of Homer, London: Bernard Lintot, Volume IV, Observations on the Fifteenth Book, Note 14 on verse 252, p. 215,^[2]

     This Representation of the Terrors which must have attended the Conflict of two such mighty Powers as Jupiter and Neptune, whereby the Elements had been mix’d in Confusion, and the whole Frame of Nature endangered, is imaged in these few Lines with a Nobleness suitable to the Occasion.

   • 1791, James Boswell, The Life of Samuel Johnson, London: Charles Dilly, Volume I, p. 393,^[3]

     […] his behaviour was, as I had imaged to myself, solemnly devout.

   • 1817, Jane Austen, Persuasion, Chapter 11,^[4]

     […] he repeated, with such tremulous feeling, the various lines which imaged a broken heart, or a mind destroyed by wretchedness, and looked so entirely as if he meant to be understood, that she ventured to hope he did not always read only poetry, and to say, that she thought it was the misfortune of poetry to be seldom safely enjoyed by those who enjoyed it completely […]

   • 1850, Nathaniel Hawthorne, The Scarlet Letter, Boston: Ticknor, Reed & Fields, Chapter 16, p. 222,^[5]

     [The road] straggled onward into the mystery of a primeval forest. This hemmed it in so narrowly, and stood so black and dense on either side, and disclosed such imperfect glimpses of the sky above, that, to Hester’s mind, it imaged not amiss the moral wilderness in which she had so long been wandering.

   • 2000, Mary Ann Schwartz, BarBara Marliene Scott, Madine M. L. Vanderplaat, Sociology: Making Sense of the Social World (page 51)

     For example, in one use of content analysis, U.S. researchers Victoria Holden, William Holden, and Gary Davis (1997) examined the growing controversy over the racial imaging of indigenous peoples symbolized in sports team nicknames […]

2. (transitive) To reflect, mirror.
   • 1829, Alfred, Lord Tennyson, “Timbuctoo” in The Poems of Alfred Lord Tennyson, London: J.M. Dent & Sons, 1906, Volume I, p. 10,^[6]

     See’st thou yon river, whose translucent wave,

     Forth issuing from the darkness, windeth through

     The argent streets o’ th’ City, imaging

     The soft inversion of her tremulous Domes,

   • 1841, Charles Dickens, The Old Curiosity Shop, London: Chapman & Hall, Chapter 71, p. 210,^[7]

     Sorrow was dead indeed in her, but peace and perfect happiness were born; imaged in her tranquil beauty and profound repose.

   • 1843, Thomas Carlyle, Past and Present, London: Chapman & Hall, Book 2, Chapter 2, “St. Edmundsbury,” p. 43,^[8]

     […] we look into a pair of eyes deep as our own, imaging our own, but all unconscious of us; to whom we, for the time, are become as spirits and invisible!

3. (transitive) To create an image of.
4. (transitive, computing) To create a complete backup copy of a file system or other entity.

Translations

Further reading

• image on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

References

• image at OneLook Dictionary Search
• image in Keywords for Today: A 21st Century Vocabulary, edited by The Keywords Project, Colin MacCabe, Holly Yanacek, 2018.
• "image" in Raymond Williams, Keywords (revised), 1983, Fontana Press, page 158.
• image in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
• image in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.

Anagrams

• gamie

Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed from English image.

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: ima?ge

Noun

image n (plural images)

1. image (characteristic perceived by others)

Synonyms

• imago

French

Etymology

From Old French image, borrowed from Latin imago, imaginem (“a copy, likeness, image”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /i.ma?/
• Rhymes: -a?
• Homophones: images, imagent
• Hyphenation: i?mage

Noun

image f (plural images)

1. picture, image
2. (television, film) frame

Synonyms

• métaphore
• reflet
• symbole
• vision

Derived terms

Descendants

• Turkish: imaj

Related terms

• imager
• imagerie
• imaginer

Verb

image

1. first-person singular present indicative of imager
2. third-person singular present indicative of imager
3. first-person singular present subjunctive of imager
4. third-person singular present subjunctive of imager
5. second-person singular imperative of imager

Further reading

• “image” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Anagrams

• magie

Middle English

Noun

image

1. Alternative form of ymage

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

Borrowed from English image.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?m?d?/
• Rhymes: -?d?

Noun

image m or n (definite singular imagen or imageet, indefinite plural imager or image, definite plural imagene or imagea or imageene)

1. image (how one wishes to be perceived by others)

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

Borrowed from English image.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?m?d?/
• Rhymes: -?d?

Noun

image m or n (definite singular imagen or imaget, indefinite plural imagar or image, definite plural imagane or imaga)

1. image (how one wishes to be perceived by others)

Old French

Alternative forms

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin im?g?, im?ginem.

Noun

image f (oblique plural images, nominative singular image, nominative plural images)

1. sight (something which one sees)
2. image (pictorial representation)
3. image (mental or imagined representation)
4. image (likeness)
5. statue (of a person)

Descendants

• ? English: image
• French: image

References

• Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l'ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IX^e au XV^e siècle (1881) (image, supplement)