different between hof vs hoy

English

Etymology 1

Borrowed from German Hof. Doublet of howff.

Noun

hof (plural hofs)

1. Enclosure, court, dwelling, building, house.
   • 1993 May, William, Trevor, Jake's Castle, in Harper's Magazine:

     Ulrike lived in a farm hof, and all around me were the dark blank fields punctuated by a few disparate lights.

   • 2009, Chloe Aridjis, Book of Clouds (New York: Black Cat, 1st edition):

     Like many old houses, this one had a front section, where I lived, and at the back an interior courtyard, the Hof, enclosed on all three sides by more apartments.

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Old Norse hóf, reinforced in modern (post-1990, chiefly neopagan) use by Icelandic hof (“shrine, temple”).

Pronunciation

• enPR: h?f, IPA^(key): /ho?f/

Noun

hof (plural hofs)

1. (Neopaganism) temple, sanctuary, hall.
   • 1996, Varg Vikernes, cited after Gardell, Gods of the Blood, 2003, p. 307.

     For each ten churches burned to ashes, one heathen hof is avenged.

   • 2005, Michael Strmiska, Modern Paganism In World Cultures: Comparative Perspectives, p. 170.

     Asatruarfelagid lacks a central religious temple, or hof in Icelandic. Constructing a hof has been high on the members' wish list for many years.

Etymology 3

Borrowed from Korean ?? (hopeu), in turn from German Hofbräuhaus. In English, the spelling has been re-aligned with the Korean term's etymon.

Noun

hof (plural hofs)

1. A Korean-style bar or pub.

Anagrams

• FOH, foh

Cimbrian

Noun

hof m

1. garden

References

• Umberto Patuzzi, ed., (2013) Ünsarne Börtar, Luserna: Comitato unitario delle linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien

Danish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /h?f/, [?h?f]

Etymology 1

From Middle Low German hof, from Proto-Germanic *huf?, cognate with German Hof (“yard, court, farmyard”), Dutch hof (“yard, court, garden”), Old Norse hof (“shrine; court”). Doublet of hov (“shrine, temple”).

Noun

hof n (singular definite hoffet, plural indefinite hoffer)

1. court (family and society of a sovereign)
2. admirers

Inflection

References

• “hof” in Den Danske Ordbog
• “Hof,1” in Ordbog over det danske Sprog

Etymology 2

Clipping of hofpilsner, from hof (“court”) +? pilsner (“lager beer”).

Noun

hof c (singular definite hoffen, plural indefinite hof)

1. Carlsberg beer

Inflection

References

• “Hof,2” in Ordbog over det danske Sprog

Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch hof, from Old Dutch *hof, from Proto-Germanic *huf?.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??f/
• Hyphenation: hof
• Rhymes: -?f

Noun

hof n or m (plural hoven, diminutive hofje n)

1. (royal) court
2. court of law; short form of gerechtshof
3. court, yard
4. (East and West Flanders) garden

Derived terms

Descendants

• Afrikaans: hof
• ? Papiamentu: hòfi (from the diminutive)

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse hof, from Proto-Germanic *huf?.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /h??v/
• Rhymes: -??v

Noun

hof n (genitive singular hofs, nominative plural hof)

1. shrine, typically in a home on farm; by extension a temple

Declension

Middle Dutch

Etymology

From Old Dutch *hof, from Proto-Germanic *huf?.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /h?f/

Noun

hof n or m

1. court, enclosed space
2. garden
3. farmstead
4. castle (court of the nobility)

Inflection

Derived terms

• h?vesch

Descendants

• Dutch: hof
  • Afrikaans: hof
  • ? Papiamentu: hòfi (from the diminutive)
• Limburgish: haof, hoof
• ? Scots: howff
  • ? English: howff

Further reading

• “hof”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
• Verwijs, E.; Verdam, J. (1885–1929) , “hof (II)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, ?ISBN, page II

Old English

Etymology 1

From Proto-Germanic *huf?.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /xof/, [hof]

Noun

hof n (nominative plural hofu)

1. court, hall
2. house, building

Declension

Descendants

• ? Middle English: hovel, hovil, hovylle (diminutive)
  • English: hovel

See also

• ærn n
• h?s n

Etymology 2

From Proto-Germanic *h?faz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /xo?f/, [ho?f]

Noun

h?f m

1. a hoof

Declension

Descendants

• English: hoof

Old Frisian

Etymology 1

From Proto-Germanic *huf?, from Proto-Indo-European *kewp- (“to bend”). Cognates include Old English hof, Old Saxon hof and Old Dutch *hof.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?hof/

Noun

hof n

1. court

Descendants

• North Frisian: hof
• Saterland Frisian: Hoaf
• West Frisian: hôf

Etymology 2

From Proto-Germanic *h?faz, from Proto-Indo-European *?oph?ós. Cognates include Old English h?f, Old Saxon h?f and Old Dutch *huof.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?ho?f/

Noun

h?f m

1. hoof

Descendants

• Saterland Frisian: Houf, Houch
• West Frisian: hoef

References

• Bremmer, Rolf H. (2009) An Introduction to Old Frisian: History, Grammar, Reader, Glossary, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, ?ISBN

Old Norse

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *huf? (“hill, house, temple”).

Pronunciation

• (12th century Icelandic) IPA^(key): /?hov/

Noun

hof n (genitive hofs, plural hof)

1. shrine, typically in a home of a farm
   • V?luspá, verse 7, lines 3-4, in 1860, T. Möbius, Edda Sæmundar hins fróða: mit einem Anhang zum Theil bisher ungedruckter Gedichte. Leipzig, page 2:

     […] þeir er hörg ok hof / hátimbruðu, […]

     […] they who shrines and temples / high timbered, […]

2. a hall, court
   • Hymiskviða, verse 33, lines 3-4, in 1860, T. Möbius, Edda Sæmundar hins fróða: mit einem Anhang zum Theil bisher ungedruckter Gedichte. Leipzig, page 48:

     […] út or óru / ölkjól hofi. […]

     […] forth from our house / the cauldron here. […]

3. a royal court

Usage notes

Old Norse makes the distinction between hof "a hall, a sanctuary with a roof" and h?rgr "an altar, any cult site without a roof".The prevalent meaning of hof in Old Norse literature is "temple, sanctuary". Cleasby and Vigfússon (1874) note the generic meaning "a hall (as in German and Saxon)" in Hymiskviða 33 as a hapax legomenon. The meaning of "court" follows Middle High German and appears only from the 14th century and almost exclusively in compounds such as hof-ferð "pride, pomp", hof-garðr "lordly mansion", hof-fólk "courtiers".

Declension

Derived terms

Descendants

• Icelandic: hof
• Faroese: hov
• Norwegian: hov, hòv
• ? English: hof

References

• hof in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• hof in An Icelandic-English Dictionary, R. Cleasby and G. Vigfússon, Clarendon Press, 1874, at Internet Archive.
• hof in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, G. T. Zoëga, Clarendon Press, 1910, at Internet Archive.

Old Saxon

Etymology 1

From Proto-Germanic *huf?.

Noun

hof n

1. dwelling, hovel, house
2. court, hall

Descendants

• Middle Low German: hof
  • German Low German: Hoff
  • Plautdietsch: Hoff
  • ? Danish: hof
  • ? Estonian: hoov
  • ? Norwegian: hoff
  • ? Old Swedish: hof
    • Swedish: hov
      • ? Finnish: huovi
    • ? Finnish: hovi

Etymology 2

From Proto-Germanic *h?faz.

Noun

h?f m

1. a hoof

Swedish

Noun

hof n

1. royal court; Obsolete spelling of hov
2. hoof; Obsolete spelling of hov

Declension

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /h??/
• Rhymes: -??

Etymology 1

Borrowed from German Heu or Dutch gooi.

Noun

hoy (plural hoys)

1. A small coaster vessel, usually sloop-rigged, used in conveying passengers and goods, or as a tender to larger vessels in port.
   • July 1779, William Cowper, letter to the Rev. William Unwin

     The hoy went to London every week.

Derived terms

• powder hoy

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Dutch hoi, compare ahoy.

Interjection

hoy

1. Ho!, hallo!, stop!

Verb

hoy (third-person singular simple present hoys, present participle hoying, simple past and past participle hoyed)

1. (transitive) To incite; to drive onward.

Etymology 3

Perhaps related to hoick and hoist.

Verb

hoy (third-person singular simple present hoys, present participle hoying or hoyin, simple past and past participle hoyed)

1. (Northumbria, Australia) To throw.

References

• hoy in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• Todd's Geordie Words and Phrases, George Todd, Newcastle, 1977[1]
• Frank Graham (1987) The New Geordie Dictionary, ?ISBN
• Newcastle 1970s, Scott Dobson and Dick Irwin, [2]
• Northumberland Words, English Dialect Society, R. Oliver Heslop, 1893–4
• A List of words and phrases in everyday use by the natives of Hetton-le-Hole in the County of Durham, F.M.T.Palgrave, English Dialect Society vol.74, 1896, [3]
• A Dictionary of North East Dialect, Bill Griffiths, 2005, Northumbria University Press, ?ISBN

Anagrams

• hyo-

Gutnish

Etymology

From Old Norse hey, from Proto-Germanic *hawj?

Noun

hoy n

1. hay

Derived terms

• hoytjauk (“haystack”)

Scots

Verb

hoy (third-person singular present hoy, present participle hoyin, past hoyed, past participle hoyed)

1. (South Scots) to throw

Spanish

Etymology

From Old Spanish oy, from Vulgar Latin *oie, from Latin hodi?. Compare Portuguese hoje, Italian oggi, hui in French aujourd'hui.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?oi/, [?oi?]

Adverb

hoy

1. today

   Synonym: hoy día

Derived terms

Further reading

• “hoy” in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014.
• “hoy” in Lexico, Oxford University Press.

Tagalog

Etymology

From Spanish oye

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /hoj/

Interjection

hoy

1. expression used to call the attention of somebody

2. expression used to inform someone

Usage notes

Using this word can make you sound disrespectful in some contexts. Refrain from using it when you're talking to someone who you don't know especially when he's older than you.

Synonyms

• huy
• uy
• oy