different between hardship vs havoc
hardship
English
Etymology
From Middle English hardshipe, equivalent to hard +? -ship.
Pronunciation
- (General American) IPA(key): /?h??d???p/
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /?h??d???p/
- Hyphenation: hard?ship
Noun
hardship (countable and uncountable, plural hardships)
- Difficulty or trouble; hard times.
Antonyms
- softship
Translations
Verb
hardship (third-person singular simple present hardships, present participle hardshipping, simple past and past participle hardshipped)
- (transitive) To treat (a person) badly; to subject to hardships.
- 1969, Tract Series (issues 96-129, page 529)
- […] an adjustment of the income tax could easily produce the twenty millions without hardshipping any industrious person in the community […]
- 1969, Tract Series (issues 96-129, page 529)
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havoc
English
Alternative forms
- havock (obsolete)
Etymology
From Middle English havok, havyk, from Old French havok in the phrase crier havok (“cry havoc”) a signal to soldiers to seize plunder, from Old French crier (“cry out, shout”) + havot (“pillaging, looting”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?hæv.?k/
Noun
havoc (usually uncountable, plural havocs)
- widespread devastation, destruction
- Ye gods, what havoc does ambition make / Among your works!
- mayhem
Usage notes
The noun havoc is most often used in the set phrase wreak havoc.
Derived terms
- play havoc, raise havoc, wreak havoc, cry havoc, break havoc
Translations
Verb
havoc (third-person singular simple present havocs, present participle havocking, simple past and past participle havocked)
- To pillage.
- 1599, William Shakespeare, Henry V, Act I, Scene II:
- To tear and havoc more than she can eat.
- 1599, William Shakespeare, Henry V, Act I, Scene II:
- To cause havoc.
Usage notes
As with other verbs ending in vowel + -c, the gerund-participle is sometimes spelled havocing, and the preterite and past participle is sometimes spelled havoced; for citations using these spellings, see their respective entries. However, the spellings havocking and havocked are far more common. Compare panic, picnic.
Translations
Interjection
havoc
- A cry in war as the signal for indiscriminate slaughter.
- Do not cry havoc, where you should but hunt / With modest warrant.
References
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