different between harbinger vs betoken
harbinger
English
Etymology
Originally, a person that is sent in advance to arrange lodgings. From Middle English herbergeour, from Old French herbergeor (French hébergeur), from Frankish *heriberga (“lodging, inn”, literally “army shelter”), from Proto-Germanic *harjaz (“army”) + *bergô (“protection”). Compare German Herberge, Italian albergo, Dutch herberg, English harbor. More at here, borrow.
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /?h??b?nd??/
- (US) enPR: här?b?nj?r, IPA(key): /?h??b?nd???/
Noun
harbinger (plural harbingers)
- (usually in the plural) A person or thing that foreshadows or foretells the coming of someone or something.
- Synonyms: forewarning, herald, omen, premonition, sign, signal, prophet
- 1828, Walter Savage Landor, Imaginary Conversations, Lord Brooke and Sir Philip Sidney
- I knew by these harbingers who were coming.
- (obsolete) One who provides lodgings; especially, the officer of the English royal household who formerly preceded the court when travelling, to provide and prepare lodgings.
- 1644, Thomas Fuller, Truth Maintained (a sermon)
- outward decency […] is the Harbinger to provide the lodging for inward holinesse
- 1644, Thomas Fuller, Truth Maintained (a sermon)
Translations
Verb
harbinger (third-person singular simple present harbingers, present participle harbingering, simple past and past participle harbingered)
- (transitive) To announce or precede; to be a harbinger of.
- Synonym: herald
Translations
See also
- bellwether
Further reading
- Harbinger in the Encyclopædia Britannica (11th edition, 1911)
- harbinger in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
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betoken
English
Etymology
From Middle English bitoknen, bitacnen, from Old English bet?cnian (“to betoken, signify, designate”). Equivalent to be- +? token. Cognate with Dutch betekenen (“to mean, signify”), German bezeichnen (“to call, designate”), Swedish beteckna (“to represent, designate, indicate”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /b??to?.k?n/
- Rhymes: -??k?n
Verb
betoken (third-person singular simple present betokens, present participle betokening, simple past and past participle betokened)
- (transitive) To signify by some visible object; show by signs or tokens.
- 1557: Robert Recorde, The whetstone of witte, whiche is the seconde parte of Arithmetike?:?containyng the xtraction of Rootes?:?The Cossike practise, with the rule of Equation?:?and the workes of Surde Nombers.?, page unknown (Ihon Kyngstone)
- There be other 2 signes in often use of which the first is made thus?+?and betokeneth more?:?the other is thus made?–?and betokeneth lesse.
- 1557: Robert Recorde, The whetstone of witte, whiche is the seconde parte of Arithmetike?:?containyng the xtraction of Rootes?:?The Cossike practise, with the rule of Equation?:?and the workes of Surde Nombers.?, page unknown (Ihon Kyngstone)
- (transitive) To foreshow by present signs; indicate something future by that which is seen or known.
- 1853: Virgil, Charles Anthon, LL.D. [tr.], Æneïd of Virgil: With English Notes, Critical and Explanatory, a Metrical Clavis: And an Historical, Geographical, and Mythological Index, page 474 (Harper & Brothers, 329 & 331 Pearl Street, Franklin Square, New York)
- “?Ah?!?hospitable land, thou (nevertheless) betokenest war,” i.?e., although hospitable, thou nevertheless betokenest war.?—?Bello.
- 1853: Virgil, Charles Anthon, LL.D. [tr.], Æneïd of Virgil: With English Notes, Critical and Explanatory, a Metrical Clavis: And an Historical, Geographical, and Mythological Index, page 474 (Harper & Brothers, 329 & 331 Pearl Street, Franklin Square, New York)
Synonyms
- (signify): indicate, mark, note
- (foreshow): portend, presage, forebode
Translations
References
- betoken in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
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