different between valour vs hardiness

English

Alternative forms

• valor

Etymology

From Middle English valour, from Anglo-Norman valour, from Latin valor.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?væl?/
• (US) IPA^(key): /?væl?/
• Rhymes: -æl?(?)

Noun

valour (usually uncountable, plural valours) (British spelling)

1. Value; worth.
2. Strength of mind in regard to danger; the quality which enables a person to encounter danger with firmness

   Synonyms: bravery, courage, prowess, intrepidity

3. (dated) A brave man; a man of valour.

Derived terms

• discretion is the better part of valour

Related terms

Translations

Anagrams

• louvar, ovular

Old French

Noun

valour f (oblique plural valours, nominative singular valour, nominative plural valours)

1. Late Anglo-Norman spelling of valur
   • Flatour est un soubtil enchanteour;
     Car par son vein enchantement
     Fait croire au dame et au seignour
     Que sur tous autres de valour
     Sont plus digne et plus excellent.

     Flattery is a subtle enchanter,
     For by its vain enchantment
     It makes damsels and lords alike believe
     That above all other valorous people
     Are more worthy and more excellent.

English

Etymology

hardy +? -ness

Noun

hardiness (countable and uncountable, plural hardinesses)

1. The quality of being hardy.
   1. The quality of being able to withstand fatigue and hardship; (of a plant) the quality of being resistant to cold or other environmental conditions.
      • 1642, John Milton, An apology against a pamphlet call’d A modest confutation of the animadversions upon the remonstrant against Smectymnuus, London: John Rothwell, p. 13,^[1]

        […] with usefull and generous labours preserving the bodies health, and hardinesse; to render lightsome, cleare, and not lumpish obedience to the minde,

      • 1726, Jonathan Swift, Gulliver’s Travels, London: Benjamin Motte, Volume 2, Part 4, Chapter 8, p. 284,^[2]

        But the Houyhnhnms train up their Youth to Strength, Speed, and Hardiness, by exercising them in running Races up and down steep Hills, and over hard and stony Grounds […]

      • 1915, Nellie McClung, In Times Like These, Toronto: McLeod & Allen, Chapter 4,^[3]

        Wild wheat is small and hard, quite capable of looking after itself, but its heads contain only a few small kernels. Cultivated wheat has lost its hardiness and its self-reliance, but its heads are filled with large kernels which feed the nation.

   2. (obsolete) The quality of being bold in the face of risk or authority.

      Synonyms: hardihood, audacity, boldness, firmness, assurance

      • c. 1609, William Shakespeare, Cymbeline, Act III, Scene 6,^[4]

        Plenty and peace breeds cowards: hardness ever

        Of hardiness is mother.

      • 1702, Edward Hyde, 1st Earl of Clarendon, The History of the Rebellion, Oxford, 1732, Volume 1, Book 5, p. 153,^[5]

        […] they who were not yet grown to the hardiness of Avowing the contempt of the King […] would sooner have been checked, and recovered their Loyalty and Obedience.

      • 1856, John Ruskin, Modern Painters, Volume 3, Part 4, Chapter 6, § 6,^[6]

        […] for every sorrow that his heart turned from, he lost a consolation; for every fear which he dared not confront, he lost a portion of his hardiness; the unsceptred sweep of the storm-clouds, the fair freedom of glancing shower and flickering sunbeam, sank into sweet rectitudes and decent formalisms;

2. (obsolete) Hardship; fatigue.
   • 1596, Edmund Spenser, A View of the State of Ireland, in The Works of Mr. Edmund Spenser, London: Jacob Tonson, 1715, Volume 6, p. 1577,^[7]

     Yet sure they are very valiant, and hardy, for the most part great Indurers of Cold, Labour, Hunger, and all Hardiness […]

Translations

See also

• foolhardiness
• hardness

Anagrams

• shandries