different between guillotine vs tumbril

English

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /???l?ti?n/, /???l??ti?n/, /??i?j??ti?n/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /???l??tin/, /??i(j)??tin/
• Hyphenation: guil?lo?tine

Etymology 1

Borrowed from French guillotine, named after the French physician Joseph-Ignace Guillotin (1738–1814), who proposed its use for capital punishment.

Noun

guillotine (plural guillotines)

1. (historical, also figuratively) A machine used for the application of capital punishment by decapitation, consisting of a tall upright frame from which is suspended a heavy diagonal-edged blade which is dropped on to the neck of the person to be executed; also, execution using this machine.
2. (by extension)
   1. A device or machine with a cutting blade.
      1. A device used for cutting the pages of books, stacks of paper, etc., to straight edges, usually by means of a hinged or sliding blade attached to a flat platform.
      2. (surgery) An instrument with a sliding blade for cutting the tonsils, uvula, or other body parts.

         Hyponyms: tonsillotome, (for tonsils) tonsilotome, (for the uvula) uvulotome

   2. (law, politics, informal)
      1. (Britain) A parliamentary procedure for fixing the dates when various stages of discussion of a bill must end, to ensure that the enactment of the bill proceeds expeditiously.
      2. (US) A legislative motion that debate be ended and a vote taken; a cloture.

Derived terms

• Hume's guillotine

Translations

Etymology 2

Borrowed from French guillotiner (“to execute with a guillotine, to guillotine”), from guillotine (see etymology 1) + -er (suffix forming infinitives of first-conjugation verbs).

Verb

guillotine (third-person singular simple present guillotines, present participle guillotining, simple past and past participle guillotined) (transitive)

1. To use a guillotine (on someone or something).
   1. (also figuratively) To execute (someone) with a guillotine.
   2. To cut or trim (a body part, a stack of paper, etc.) with a guillotine.
2. (law, politics, informal)
   1. (Britain) To end discussion (about a parliamentary bill or part of one) by invoking a guillotine procedure.
   2. (US) To end (a legislative debate) by invoking cloture.

Derived terms

• guillotined (adjective)
• guillotinement
• guillotiner
• guillotining (noun)
• unguillotined

Translations

Notes

References

Further reading

• guillotine on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed from French guillotine. Named after Joseph-Ignace Guillotin. First attested in the early 1790s.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??i.jo??ti.n?/
• Hyphenation: guil?lo?ti?ne
• Rhymes: -in?

Noun

guillotine f (plural guillotines, diminutive guillotinetje n)

1. guillotine

   Synonym: valbijl

Derived terms

• guillotineren

French

Etymology

Named after French physician Joseph-Ignace Guillotin (1738–1814), who proposed its use for capital punishment. The surname is a diminutive of Guillot.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?i.j?.tin/

Noun

guillotine f (plural guillotines)

1. guillotine (machine)

Derived terms

• guillotiner (“behead with a guillotine”)
• fenêtre à guillotine (“box sash window”)

Verb

guillotine

1. first-person singular present indicative of guillotiner
2. third-person singular present indicative of guillotiner
3. first-person singular present subjunctive of guillotiner
4. third-person singular present subjunctive of guillotiner
5. second-person singular imperative of guillotiner

Further reading

• “guillotine” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Indonesian

Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from French guillotine, Guillot. After Dr Joseph-Ignace Guillotin, who proposed its use for capital punishment.

Noun

guillotine (first-person possessive guillotineku, second-person possessive guillotinemu, third-person possessive guillotinenya)

1. guillotine (machine).

Further reading

• “guillotine” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Daring, Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 2016.

Spanish

Verb

guillotine

1. Formal second-person singular (usted) imperative form of guillotinar.
2. First-person singular (yo) present subjunctive form of guillotinar.
3. Formal second-person singular (usted) present subjunctive form of guillotinar.
4. Third-person singular (él, ella, also used with usted^?) present subjunctive form of guillotinar.

English

Alternative forms

• tumbrel

Etymology

From Old French tumberel (in Anglo-Latin tumberellus), from tomber, tumber (“to fall”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?t?mb??l/

Noun

tumbril (plural tumbrils)

1. A kind of medieval torture device, later associated with a cucking stool.
2. A cart which opens at the back to release its load.
   • 1800, The Times, 17 Mar 1800, p.3 col. B:

     They then confined the Dean, while they rifled the house of every valuable article, as well as plate and money; all that was portable they loaded on Mr. Carleton’s own tumbril, to which they harnessed his horse […]
3. A cart used to carry condemned prisoners to their death, especially to the guillotine during the French Revolution.
   • 1848, The Times, 26 Jun 1848, p.4 col. B:

     It is now ascertained that the tumbrel and the torches which figured in the massacre-scene of the 23d of February were prepared beforehand […]

   • 2002, Colin Jones, The Great Nation, Penguin 2003, p. 370:

     If there would be former freemasons on the Committee of Public Safety during the Terror, they would be numbered too in the ranks of the émigré armies and counter-revolutionary Chouan rebels, and in tumbrils bound for the guillotine.

4. (Britain, obsolete) A basket or cage of osiers, willows, or the like, to hold hay and other food for sheep.

Translations