different between group vs arm
group
English
Alternative forms
- groop (non-standard)
- groupe (obsolete)
Etymology
From French groupe (“cluster, group”), from Italian gruppo, groppo (“a knot, heap, group, bag (of money)”), from Vulgar Latin *cruppo, Renaissance Latin grupus, from Proto-Germanic *kruppaz (“lump, round mass, body, crop”), from Proto-Indo-European *grewb- (“to crumple, bend, crawl”). Cognate with German Kropf (“crop, craw, bunch”), Old English cropp, croppa (“cluster, bunch, sprout, flower, berry, ear of corn, crop”), Dutch krop (“craw”), Icelandic kroppr (“hump, bunch”). Doublet of crop and croup.
Pronunciation
- enPR: gro?op, IPA(key): /??u?p/
- Rhymes: -u?p
Noun
group (plural groups)
- A number of things or persons being in some relation to one another.
- (group theory) A set with an associative binary operation, under which there exists an identity element, and such that each element has an inverse.
- 1977, Roger C. Lyndon, Paul E. Schupp, Combinatorial Group Theory, Springer, page 192,
- Throughout this section, we shall assume the existence of finitely presented groups with unsolvable word problem.
- 1992, Svetlana Katok, Fuchsian Groups, University of Chicago Press, page 112,
- In this chapter we give some examples of Fuchsian groups. The most interesting and important ones are the so-called "arithmetic" Fuchsian groups, i.e., discrete subgroups of PSL(2,R) obtained by some "arithmetic" operations. One such construction we have already seen: if we choose all matrices of SL(2,R) with integer coefficients, then the corresponding elements of PSL(2,R) form the modular group PSL(2,Z).
- 2007, Zhong-Qi Ma, Group Theory for Physicists, World Scientific, page 277,
- In Chap. 4 the fundamental concepts on Lie groups have been introduced through the SO(3) group and its covering group SU(2).
- 1977, Roger C. Lyndon, Paul E. Schupp, Combinatorial Group Theory, Springer, page 192,
- (geometry, archaic) An effective divisor on a curve.
- A (usually small) group of people who perform music together.
- (astronomy) A small number (up to about fifty) of galaxies that are near each other.
- (chemistry) A column in the periodic table of chemical elements.
- (chemistry) A functional group.
- (sociology) A subset of a culture or of a society.
- (military) An air force formation.
- (geology) A collection of formations or rock strata.
- (computing) A number of users with same rights with respect to accession, modification, and execution of files, computers and peripherals.
- An element of an espresso machine from which hot water pours into the portafilter.
- (music) A number of eighth, sixteenth, etc., notes joined at the stems; sometimes rather indefinitely applied to any ornament made up of a few short notes.
- (sports) A set of teams playing each other in the same division, while not during the same period playing any teams that belong to other sets in the division.
- (business) A commercial organization.
Synonyms
- (number of things or persons being in some relation to each other): collection, set
- (people who perform music together): band, ensemble
- See also Thesaurus:group
Hypernyms
- (in group theory): monoid
Hyponyms
Derived terms
- subgroup
Related terms
Descendants
- ? Gulf Arabic: ?????
- ? Japanese: ???? (gur?pu)
- ? Korean: ?? (geurup)
- ? Tongan: kulupu
Translations
References
- group on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
Verb
group (third-person singular simple present groups, present participle grouping, simple past and past participle grouped)
- (transitive) To put together to form a group.
- group the dogs by hair colour
- (intransitive) To come together to form a group.
Synonyms
- (put together to form a group): amass, categorise/categorize, classify, collect, collect up, gather, gather together, gather up; see also Thesaurus:round up
- (come together to form a group): assemble, begather, foregather, throng; see also Thesaurus:assemble
Translations
Further reading
- group in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
- group in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
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arm
English
Pronunciation
- (UK) enPR: äm, IPA(key): /??m/
- (US) enPR: ärm, IPA(key): /??m/
- Rhymes: -??(r)m
Etymology 1
From Middle English arm, from Old English earm (“arm”) Old English arm (“arm”), from Proto-West Germanic *arm, from Proto-Germanic *armaz (“arm”), from Proto-Indo-European *h?(e)rmos (“a fitting, joint; arm, forequarter”), a suffixed form of *h?er- (“to join, fit together”).
Noun
arm (plural arms)
- The portion of the upper human appendage, from the shoulder to the wrist and sometimes including the hand.
- (anatomy) The extended portion of the upper limb, from the shoulder to the elbow.
- A limb, or locomotive or prehensile organ, of an invertebrate animal.
- The part of a piece of clothing that covers the arm.
- Synonym: sleeve
- 1851, Herman Melville, Moby-Dick, New York: Harper, Chapter 100, p. 485,[2]
- […] one arm of this jacket streamed behind him like the broidered arm of a huzzar’s surcoat.
- 1970, J. G. Farrell, Troubles, New York: Knopf, 1971, p. 340,[3]
- […] he noticed that a dark stain had appeared under the arm of her grey silk dress.
- 2000, Zadie Smith, White Teeth, New York: Vintage, Chapter 5, p. 94,[4]
- Samad made a grab for the boy and caught him by the arm of his shirt.
- A long, narrow, more or less rigid part of an object extending from the main part or centre of the object, such as the arm of an armchair, a crane, a pair of spectacles or a pair of compasses.
- (geography) A bay or inlet off a main body of water.
- A branch of an organization.
- (figuratively) Power; might; strength; support.
- To whom is the arm of the Lord revealed?
- (baseball, slang) A pitcher
- (genetics) One of the two parts of a chromosome.
- A group of patients in a medical trial.
Derived terms
Translations
See arm/translations § Noun.
Verb
arm (third-person singular simple present arms, present participle arming, simple past and past participle armed)
- (obsolete) To take by the arm; to take up in one's arms.
- 1634, attributed to John Fletcher and William Shakespeare, The Two Noble Kinsmen
- Arm your prize; / I know you will not lose him.
- 1634, attributed to John Fletcher and William Shakespeare, The Two Noble Kinsmen
Etymology 2
From Middle English arm (“poor, wretched”), from Old English earm (“poor, miserable, pitiful, wretched”), from Proto-West Germanic *arm, from Proto-Germanic *armaz (“poor”), from Proto-Indo-European *h?erm- (“poor, ill”).
Adjective
arm (comparative armer or more arm, superlative armest or most arm)
- (Britain dialectal, chiefly Scotland) Poor; lacking in riches or wealth.
- (Britain dialectal, chiefly Scotland) To be pitied; pitiful; wretched.
References
- The Dictionary of the Scots Language
Derived terms
- armth
Etymology 3
Back-formation from arms (plural), from Middle English armes, from Old French armes, from Latin arma (“weapons”), from Proto-Indo-European *h?er-mo-, a suffixed form of *h?er- (“to fit together”), hence ultimately cognate with etymology 1.
Noun
arm (plural arms)
- (usually used in the plural) A weapon.
- 1883, Robert Louis Stevenson, Treasure Island
- The next thing I laid hold of was a brace of pistols, and as I already had a powder horn and bullets, I felt myself well supplied with arms.
- 1883, Robert Louis Stevenson, Treasure Island
- (in the plural) Heraldic bearings or insignia.
- (in the plural, obsolete) War; hostilities; deeds or exploits of war.
Usage notes
- Pubs and taverns often use this word in their names, as a reference to heraldic bearings, e.g. The Queen's Arms.
Synonyms
- See also Thesaurus:weapon
Derived terms
Translations
Verb
arm (third-person singular simple present arms, present participle arming, simple past and past participle armed)
- (transitive) To supply with armour or (later especially) weapons.
- The king armed his knights with swords and shields.
- (transitive) To prepare a tool or a weapon for action; to activate.
- (transitive) To cover or furnish with a plate, or with whatever will add strength, force, security, or efficiency.
- (transitive, figuratively) To furnish with means of defence; to prepare for resistance; to fortify, in a moral sense.
- arm yourselves likewise with the same mind: for he that hath suffered in the flesh hath ceased from sin;
- (intransitive) To take up weapons; to arm oneself.
- (transitive) To fit (a magnet) with an armature.
Synonyms
- (furnish with weapons): beweapon
Derived terms
Translations
Anagrams
- -mar-, AMR, MAR, MRA, Mar, Mar., RAM, RMA, Ram, mar, mar-, ram
Afrikaans
Etymology
From Dutch arm.
Noun
arm (plural arms)
- arm
Cimbrian
Etymology 1
From Middle High German arm, from Old High German arm, from Proto-West Germanic *arm, from Proto-Germanic *armaz (“arm”). Cognate with German Arm, English arm.
Noun
arm m (plural èrme)
- (Sette Comuni) arm
Related terms
- èrmel
Etymology 2
From Middle High German arm, from Old High German arm, from Proto-West Germanic *arm, from Proto-Germanic *armaz (“poor, pitiful”). Cognate with German arm, English arm.
Adjective
arm (comparative èrmor, superlative dar èrmorste)
- (Sette Comuni, Luserna) poor
Declension
This adjective has irregular declension; positive inflected forms also have umlaut.
Derived terms
- armakhot, èrmakhot
- èrmar stòkh
References
- “arm” in Martalar, Umberto Martello; Bellotto, Alfonso (1974) Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo
- “arm” in Patuzzi, Umberto, ed., (2013) Ünsarne Börtar [Our Words], Luserna, Italy: Comitato unitario delle isole linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien
Danish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /arm/, [???m]
Etymology 1
From Old Norse armr (“arm”), from Proto-Germanic *armaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h?er-mo- (“arm”).
Noun
arm c (singular definite armen, plural indefinite arme)
- (anatomy) arm
Inflection
Etymology 2
From Old Norse armr (“arm, poor”), from Proto-Germanic *armaz (“poor”).
Adjective
arm
- (dated) poor, not rich
- Synonym: fattig
- unfortunate, poor
- Synonym: stakkels
Inflection
Further reading
- arm on the Danish Wikipedia.Wikipedia da
- Arm (flertydig) on the Danish Wikipedia.Wikipedia da
Dutch
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?rm/
- Hyphenation: arm
- Rhymes: -?rm
Etymology 1
From Middle Dutch arm, from Old Dutch arm, from Proto-West Germanic *arm, from Proto-Germanic *armaz (“arm”), from Proto-Indo-European *h?(e)rmos (“a fitting, joint”), a suffixed form of *h?er- (“to join, fit together”). Cognate to Avestan ????????????????? (arma) and Old Persian [script needed] (arma).
Noun
arm m (plural armen, diminutive armpje n)
- arm
- branch (especially of streams and organisations)
Derived terms
Descendants
- Afrikaans: arm
Etymology 2
From Middle Dutch arm, from Old Dutch arm, from Proto-West Germanic *arm, from Proto-Germanic *armaz, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *h?erH- (“to be sparse”).
Adjective
arm (comparative armer, superlative armst)
- poor (not rich)
- poor (unfortunate)
Inflection
Derived terms
Descendants
- Afrikaans: arm
Anagrams
- ram
Estonian
Etymology 1
From Proto-Finnic *arpi; arm is an irregular variant of the root; the expected arb can be seen in dialects.
Noun
arm (genitive armi, partitive armi)
- scar
Declension
Etymology 2
Most likely derived from armas. Cognate to Votic armo (“grace, mercy”).
Noun
arm (genitive armu, partitive armu)
- mercy
- pardon
- (poetic) love, affection
Declension
German
Etymology
From Proto-West Germanic *arm, from Proto-Germanic *armaz, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *h?erH- (“to be sparse”) or alternatively from Proto-Indo-European *h?erb?-, whence English orphan.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [?a?m]
Adjective
arm (comparative ärmer, superlative am ärmsten)
- poor (having little money)
- poor (to be pitied)
- low (having a small amount)
Declension
Antonyms
- reich
Derived terms
Related terms
Further reading
- “arm” in Duden online
Icelandic
Noun
arm
- indefinite accusative singular of armur
Irish
Etymology
From Old Irish arm n (“armour, battle-equipment, panoply; weapon; army”), from Latin arma.
Pronunciation
- (Munster, Aran) IPA(key): /?????m?/
- (Connemara, Mayo, Ulster) IPA(key): /?a???m?/
Noun
arm m (genitive singular airm, nominative plural airm)
- weapon; implement, tool
- (collective) arms
- army
Declension
Derived terms
Mutation
Further reading
- "arm" in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
- Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “arm”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- “arm” in Foclóir Gae?ilge agus Béarla, Irish Texts Society, 1st ed., 1904, by Patrick S. Dinneen, page 40.
- Finck, F. N. (1899), Die araner mundart, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, vol. II, p. 10.
- Entries containing “arm” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
- Entries containing “arm” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.
Jersey Dutch
Etymology
From Middle Dutch arm, from Old Dutch arm, from Proto-West Germanic *arm, from Proto-Germanic *armaz. Cognate with Dutch arm (“poor”), German arm (“poor”).
Adjective
arm
- poor
- 1912, Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsche taal— en letterkunde, volumes 31-32, page 309:
- Hai waz nît tevrêde täus en dârkîs tû râkni arm. […] |He was not content at home and therefore he became poor.
- 1912, Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsche taal— en letterkunde, volumes 31-32, page 309:
Livonian
Etymology
Akin to Finnish armas.
Noun
arm
- peace
- love
Manx
Etymology
From Old Irish arm n (“armour, battle-equipment, panoply; weapon; army”), from Latin arma.
Noun
arm m (genitive singular arm, plural armyn)
- arm, weapon, armament
Verb
arm (verbal noun armal, past participle garmal)
- arm
References
- Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “arm”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Middle Dutch
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /arm/
Etymology 1
From Old Dutch arm, from Proto-West Germanic *arm, from Proto-Germanic *armaz.
Noun
arm m
- arm
Alternative forms
- ?rem
- ?erm
Inflection
Descendants
- Dutch: arm
- Afrikaans: arm
- Limburgish: erm
Further reading
- “arm (I)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
- Verwijs, E.; Verdam, J. (1885–1929) , “arm (I)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, ?ISBN, page I
Etymology 2
From Old Dutch arm, from Proto-West Germanic *arm, from Proto-Germanic *armaz.
Adjective
arm
- poor, having few possessions
- unfortunate, pitiable
Inflection
Alternative forms
- ?rem
Descendants
- Dutch: arm
- Limburgish: erm
Further reading
- “arm (II)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
- Verwijs, E.; Verdam, J. (1885–1929) , “arm (II)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, ?ISBN, page II
Middle English
Etymology 1
From Old English earm (“arm”), from Proto-West Germanic *arm, from Proto-Germanic *armaz (“arm”), from Proto-Indo-European *ar?m- (“arm”).
Alternative forms
- arum, harm, erm, herm
Noun
arm (plural arms)
- arm
Descendants
- English: arm
- Scots: arm, airm, arme, harme, areme, airme
References
- “arm, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
Etymology 2
From Old English earm (“poor, wretched”), from Proto-West Germanic *arm, from Proto-Germanic *armaz (“poor”), from Proto-Indo-European *erm- (“poor, ill”).
Adjective
arm
- poor
- miserable, wretched
Descendants
- Scots: arm
References
- “arm, adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
Norwegian Bokmål
Etymology
From Old Norse armr.
Adjective
arm (neuter singular armt, definite singular and plural arme)
- poor
Noun
arm m (definite singular armen, indefinite plural armer, definite plural armene)
- (anatomy) an arm
Derived terms
References
- “arm” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /??rm/
Etymology 1
From Old Norse armr m, from Proto-Germanic *armaz m. Akin to English arm.
Noun
arm m (definite singular armen, indefinite plural armar, definite plural armane)
- (anatomy) an arm
Derived terms
Etymology 2
From Old Norse armr, from Proto-Germanic *armaz.
Adjective
arm (masculine and feminine arm, neuter armt, definite singular and plural arme, comparative armare, indefinite superlative armast, definite superlative armaste)
- poor, pitiful (to be pitied)
Derived terms
- arming
References
- “arm” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Anagrams
- mar, ram
Old Dutch
Etymology 1
From Proto-West Germanic *arm, from Proto-Germanic *armaz.
Noun
arm m
- arm
Inflection
This noun needs an inflection-table template.
Descendants
- Middle Dutch: arm
- Dutch: arm
Further reading
- “arm (I)”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012
Etymology 2
From Proto-West Germanic *arm, from Proto-Germanic *armaz.
Adjective
arm
- poor
Inflection
This adjective needs an inflection-table template.
Derived terms
- armo
Descendants
- Middle Dutch: arm
- Dutch: arm
Further reading
- “arm (II)”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012
Old English
Alternative forms
- earm
Etymology
From Proto-West Germanic *arm, from Proto-Germanic *armaz (“arm”), whence also Old High German arm, Old Norse armr.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?rm/, [?r?m]
Noun
arm m
- arm
Declension
Old High German
Alternative forms
- aram
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /arm/
Etymology 1
From Proto-West Germanic *arm, from Proto-Germanic *armaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h?ermos, *h???mos, whence also Old English arm, Old Norse armr.
Noun
arm m
- (anatomy) arm
Declension
Descendants
- Middle High German: arm, arn
- Alemannic German: Aare, Arm, Are, Arme
- Bavarian: Oarm
- Cimbrian: arm
- Central Franconian: Ärm, Arm, Orm
- Hunsrik: Aarem
- German: Arm
- Luxembourgish: Aarm
- Rhine Franconian:
- Pennsylvania German: Aarm
- Yiddish: ?????? (orem)
Etymology 2
From Proto-West Germanic *arm, from Proto-Germanic *armaz, whence also Old English earm, Old Norse armr.
Adjective
arm
- poor, miserable
Descendants
- German: arm
References
- Joseph Wright, An Old High German Primer
Old Saxon
Etymology 1
From Proto-West Germanic *arm, from Proto-Germanic *armaz, whence also Old English earm, Old Norse armr.
Noun
arm m
- arm
Declension
Descendants
- Middle Low German: arm
- Low German:
- German Low German:
- Hamburgisch: Arm
- Westphalian:
- Ravensbergisch-Lippisch: ?rm
- Sauerländisch: ?rm, ?rem, Oarm
- Westmünsterländisch: Arm
- German Low German:
- Plautdietsch: Oam, Oarm
- Low German:
Etymology 2
From Proto-West Germanic *arm, from Proto-Germanic *armaz, whence also Old English earm, Old Norse armr.
Adjective
arm (comparative armoro, superlative armost)
- miserable, poor
Declension
Descendants
- Low German: arm
Romanian
Etymology
From Latin armus, from Proto-Indo-European *h?er- (“to join”).
Noun
arm n (plural armuri)
- (chiefly Oltenia) an animal's haunch, or a thigh on a person
- Synonyms: coaps?, ?old
Related terms
- întrema
See also
- arm?
- spat?
Scots
Etymology 1
From Middle English arm, from Old English earm (“arm”), from Proto-West Germanic *arm, from Proto-Germanic *armaz (“arm”), from Proto-Indo-European *h?er-mo- (“arm”).
Alternative forms
- airm, arme, harme, areme, airme
Noun
arm (plural arms)
- arm
- arm of the sea
- bar, beam
Etymology 2
From Middle English arm (“poor”), from Old English earm (“poor”), from Proto-West Germanic *arm, from Proto-Germanic *armaz (“poor”), from Proto-Indo-European *erm- (“poor, ill”).
Adjective
arm (comparative mair arm, superlative maist arm)
- poor; wretched
- weak; thin; sickly
Verb
arm (third-person singular present arms, present participle armin, past armt, past participle armt)
- (intransitive) to crawl about miserably.
Etymology 3
From Middle English armen (“to arm”), from Old French armer (“to arm”), from Latin arm? (“to arm”). More at arm.
Verb
arm (third-person singular present arms, present participle armin, past armt, past participle armt)
- to arm, outfit with weapons or armour
Etymology 4
From Old Norse armr (“wing of a body”).
Noun
arm (plural arms)
- the tail end of something, especially of fishing line
Scottish Gaelic
Etymology
From Old Irish arm n (“armour, battle-equipment, panoply; weapon; army”), from Latin arma.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?a?am/
Noun
arm m (genitive singular airm, plural airm)
- army
- Synonym: armailt
- arm, weapon
Usage notes
- Arm is usually used to refer to the entire fighting force of a nation etc, while armailt usually refers to the an "army" involved in a particular battle etc:
Derived terms
- taigh-airm
Related terms
Mutation
Further reading
- “arm” in Edward Dwelly, Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan/The Illustrated [Scottish] Gaelic–English Dictionary, 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, 1911, ?ISBN.
- Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “arm”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Swedish
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From Old Norse armr (“arm”), from Proto-Germanic *armaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h?ermos, *h???mos.
Noun
arm c
- (anatomy) arm; the body part
- arm; something extending from a body
Declension
Derived terms
See also
Etymology 2
From Old Norse armr (“poor”), from Proto-Germanic *armaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h?ormos.
Adjective
arm (comparative armare, superlative armast)
- (dated) poor; to be pitied
- Synonym: stackars
- (dated) poor; with no possessions or money
- Synonym: fattig
Declension
Derived terms
- utarma
Anagrams
- mar, ram
Yimas
Noun
arm
- water
References
- The Papuan Languages of New Guinea (1986, ?ISBN) (as ar?m)
- William A. Foley, The Yimas Language of New Guinea (1991, ?ISBN), page 296:
- arm tark kantk-rm ima-na-t?-n
- water coldness with-water water S-DEF-becomes-PRES
- 'The water is getting cold.'
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