different between grade vs group

English

Etymology

Borrowed from French grade (“a grade, degree”), from Latin gradus (“a step, pace, a step in a ladder or stair, a station, position, degree”), from Proto-Indo-European *g?rad?-, *g?red?- (“to walk, go”). Cognate with Gothic ???????????????????? (griþs, “step, grade”), Bavarian Gritt (“step, stride”), Lithuanian grìdiju (“to go, wander”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??e?d/
• Homophones: grayed, greyed
• Rhymes: -e?d

Noun

grade (plural grades)

1. A rating.

   This fine-grade coin from 1837 is worth a good amount.

2. (chiefly Canada, US) Performance on a test or other evaluation(s), expressed by a number, letter, or other symbol; a score.

   Synonym: mark

3. A degree or level of something; a position within a scale; a degree of quality.

   • There are a lot of varieties of diatomaceous earth, so when you are shopping, be sure to get the right stuff!
     
     Make sure that you get food grade diatomaceous earth. Some people make 3% of the food they eat be diatomaceous earth.

4. (linguistics) degree (Any of the three stages (positive, comparative, superlative) in the comparison of an adjective or an adverb.)
5. A slope (up or down) of a roadway or other passage

6. (Canada, US, education) A level of primary and secondary education.

7. (Canada, education) A student of a particular grade (used with the grade level).

8. An area that has been flattened by a grader (construction machine).
9. The level of the ground.

10. (mathematics) A gradian.
11. (geometry) In a linear system of divisors on an n-dimensional variety, the number of free intersection points of n generic divisors.
12. A harsh scraping or cutting; a grating.
13. (systematics) A taxon united by a level of morphological or physiological complexity that is not a clade.
14. (medicine) The degree of malignity of a tumor expressed on a scale.

Synonyms

• (taxon that is not a clade): paraphyletic group

Related terms

• e-grade
• gradient
• o-grade
• zero-grade

Descendants

• ? Japanese: ???? (gur?do)

Translations

Verb

grade (third-person singular simple present grades, present participle grading, simple past and past participle graded)

1. (chiefly Canada, US) To assign scores to the components of an academic test.
2. (chiefly Canada, US) To assign a score to overall academic performance.
3. To organize in grades.

4. To flatten, level, or smooth a large surface.
5. (sewing) To remove or trim part of a seam allowance from a finished seam so as to reduce bulk and make the finished piece more even when turned right side out.
6. (research) To apply labels to data (typically by a manual rather than automatic process).

7. (intransitive) To pass imperceptibly from one grade into another.
   • 1924, EM Forster, A Passage to India, Penguin 2005, p. 34:

     And there were circles even beyond these – […] humanity grading and drifting beyond the educated vision, until no earthly invitation can embrace it.

Translations

Derived terms

Anagrams

• Adger, Degar, EDGAR, Edgar, Gerda, garde, radge, raged

Afrikaans

Noun

grade

1. plural of graad

Esperanto

Etymology

grado +? -e

Adverb

grade

1. gradually

Synonyms

• malabrupte

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin gradus. Compare degré.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??ad/
• Rhymes: -ad
• Homophone: grades

Noun

grade m (plural grades)

1. rank
2. (geometry) gradian

Synonyms

• degré
• rang

Derived terms

• en prendre pour son grade
• monter en grade

Related terms

• gradation
• grader

Descendants

• ? English: grade
• ? Romanian: grad

Further reading

• “grade” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Galician

Etymology

13th century. From Old Galician and Old Portuguese grade (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin cratis, cratem (“wickerwork”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /???aðe?/

Noun

grade f (plural grades)

1. (archaic) cage
2. grate (metal grille)
3. harrow (device dragged across ploughed land to smooth the soil)
   • 1474, Antonio López Ferreiro (ed.), Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática. Santiago: Tipografía Galaica, page 74:

     Iten, preçaron duas grades e hun chedeiro e dous temoos de cerna, a parte dos menores em quorenta :XL -? maravedis

     Item, they appraised two harrows, a cart's bed and two shafts of heartwood, the part corresponding to the kids, 40 coins

4. any similarly formed frame or structure
5. common starfish (Asterias rubens)

   Synonyms: estrela do mar, rapacricas

6. Ursa Major

   Synonyms: Carro, Osa Maior

Derived terms

• gradar

References

• “grade” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006-2012.
• “grade” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006-2016.
• “grade” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006-2013.
• “grade” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
• “grade” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

Portuguese

Etymology

From Old Portuguese grade, from Latin cratis, cratem, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European *krtis.

Pronunciation

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /???a.ð?/
• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /???a.d?i/
• Hyphenation: gra?de

Noun

grade f (plural grades)

1. grate (metal grille)
2. a light fence
3. harrow (device dragged across ploughed land to smooth the soil)
4. grid

Verb

grade

1. first-person singular (eu) present subjunctive of gradar
2. third-person singular (ele and ela, also used with você and others) present subjunctive of gradar
3. third-person singular (você) affirmative imperative of gradar
4. third-person singular (você) negative imperative of gradar

Romanian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [??rade]

Noun

grade n

1. indefinite plural of grad

Serbo-Croatian

Noun

grade (Cyrillic spelling ?????)

1. vocative singular of grad

Spanish

Verb

grade

1. Formal second-person singular (usted) imperative form of gradar.
2. First-person singular (yo) present subjunctive form of gradar.
3. Formal second-person singular (usted) present subjunctive form of gradar.
4. Third-person singular (él, ella, also used with usted^?) present subjunctive form of gradar.

English

Alternative forms

• groop (non-standard)
• groupe (obsolete)

Etymology

From French groupe (“cluster, group”), from Italian gruppo, groppo (“a knot, heap, group, bag (of money)”), from Vulgar Latin *cruppo, Renaissance Latin grupus, from Proto-Germanic *kruppaz (“lump, round mass, body, crop”), from Proto-Indo-European *grewb- (“to crumple, bend, crawl”). Cognate with German Kropf (“crop, craw, bunch”), Old English cropp, croppa (“cluster, bunch, sprout, flower, berry, ear of corn, crop”), Dutch krop (“craw”), Icelandic kroppr (“hump, bunch”). Doublet of crop and croup.

Pronunciation

• enPR: gro?op, IPA^(key): /??u?p/
• Rhymes: -u?p

Noun

group (plural groups)

1. A number of things or persons being in some relation to one another.

2. (group theory) A set with an associative binary operation, under which there exists an identity element, and such that each element has an inverse.
   • 1977, Roger C. Lyndon, Paul E. Schupp, Combinatorial Group Theory, Springer, page 192,

     Throughout this section, we shall assume the existence of finitely presented groups with unsolvable word problem.

   • 1992, Svetlana Katok, Fuchsian Groups, University of Chicago Press, page 112,

     In this chapter we give some examples of Fuchsian groups. The most interesting and important ones are the so-called "arithmetic" Fuchsian groups, i.e., discrete subgroups of PSL(2,R) obtained by some "arithmetic" operations. One such construction we have already seen: if we choose all matrices of SL(2,R) with integer coefficients, then the corresponding elements of PSL(2,R) form the modular group PSL(2,Z).

   • 2007, Zhong-Qi Ma, Group Theory for Physicists, World Scientific, page 277,

     In Chap. 4 the fundamental concepts on Lie groups have been introduced through the SO(3) group and its covering group SU(2).

3. (geometry, archaic) An effective divisor on a curve.
4. A (usually small) group of people who perform music together.

5. (astronomy) A small number (up to about fifty) of galaxies that are near each other.
6. (chemistry) A column in the periodic table of chemical elements.
7. (chemistry) A functional group.

8. (sociology) A subset of a culture or of a society.
9. (military) An air force formation.
10. (geology) A collection of formations or rock strata.
11. (computing) A number of users with same rights with respect to accession, modification, and execution of files, computers and peripherals.
12. An element of an espresso machine from which hot water pours into the portafilter.
13. (music) A number of eighth, sixteenth, etc., notes joined at the stems; sometimes rather indefinitely applied to any ornament made up of a few short notes.
14. (sports) A set of teams playing each other in the same division, while not during the same period playing any teams that belong to other sets in the division.
15. (business) A commercial organization.

Synonyms

• (number of things or persons being in some relation to each other): collection, set
• (people who perform music together): band, ensemble
• See also Thesaurus:group

Hypernyms

• (in group theory): monoid

Hyponyms

Derived terms

• subgroup

Related terms

Descendants

• ? Gulf Arabic: ?????
• ? Japanese: ???? (gur?pu)
• ? Korean: ?? (geurup)
• ? Tongan: kulupu

Translations

References

• group on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Verb

group (third-person singular simple present groups, present participle grouping, simple past and past participle grouped)

1. (transitive) To put together to form a group.

   group the dogs by hair colour

2. (intransitive) To come together to form a group.

Synonyms

• (put together to form a group): amass, categorise/categorize, classify, collect, collect up, gather, gather together, gather up; see also Thesaurus:round up
• (come together to form a group): assemble, begather, foregather, throng; see also Thesaurus:assemble

Translations

Further reading

• group in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• group in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.