different between gain vs fill
gain
English
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?e?n/
- Rhymes: -e?n
Etymology 1
From Middle English gayn, gain, gein (“profit, advantage”), from Old Norse gagn (“benefit, advantage, use”), from Proto-Germanic *gagn?, *gagan? (“gain, profit", literally "return”), from Proto-Germanic *gagana (“back, against, in return”), a reduplication of Proto-Germanic *ga- (“with, together”), from Proto-Indo-European *?óm (“next to, at, with, along”). Cognate with Icelandic gagn (“gain, advantage, use”), Swedish gagn (“benefit, profit”), Danish gavn (“gain, profit, success”), Gothic ???????????????????????????????? (gageigan, “to gain, profit”), Old Norse gegn (“ready”), dialectal Swedish gen (“useful, noteful”), Latin cum (“with”); see gain-, again, against. Compare also Middle English gaynen, geinen (“to be of use, profit, avail”), Icelandic and Swedish gagna (“to avail, help”), Danish gavne (“to benefit”).
The Middle English word was reinforced by Middle French gain (“gain, profit, advancement, cultivation”), from Old French gaaing, gaaigne, gaigne, a noun derivative of gaaignier (“to till, earn, win”), from Frankish *waidanjan (“to pasture, graze, hunt for food”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *waiþiz, *waiþ?, *waiþij? (“pasture, field, hunting ground”); compare Old High German weid?n, weidan?n (“to hunt, forage for food”) (Modern German Weide (“pasture”)), Old Norse veiða (“to catch, hunt”), Old English w?þan (“to hunt, chase, pursue”). Related to wathe, wide.
Verb
gain (third-person singular simple present gains, present participle gaining, simple past and past participle gained)
- (transitive) To acquire possession of.
- Looks like you've gained a new friend.
- (intransitive) To have or receive advantage or profit; to acquire gain; to grow rich; to advance in interest, health, or happiness; to make progress.
- The sick man gains daily.
- (transitive, dated) To come off winner or victor in; to be successful in; to obtain by competition.
- to gain a battle; to gain a case at law
- (transitive) To increase.
- 1883, Howard Pyle, The Merry Adventures of Robin Hood Chapter V
- Then they had bouts of wrestling and of cudgel play, so that every day they gained in skill and strength.
- 1883, Howard Pyle, The Merry Adventures of Robin Hood Chapter V
- (intransitive) To be more likely to catch or overtake an individual.
- I'm gaining (on you).
- gain ground
- (transitive) To reach.
- to gain the top of a mountain
- 1907, Jack London, The Iron Heel:
- Ernest laughed harshly and savagely when he had gained the street.
- To draw into any interest or party; to win to one's side; to conciliate.
- If he shall hear thee, thou hast gained thy brother.
- to gratify the queen, and gain the court
- (intransitive) To put on weight.
- I've been gaining.
- (of a clock or watch) To run fast.
Derived terms
Translations
Noun
gain (countable and uncountable, plural gains)
- The act of gaining; acquisition.
- 1855, Alfred Tennyson, Maude
- the lust of gain, in the spirit of Cain
- 1855, Alfred Tennyson, Maude
- What is gained.
- (electronics) The factor by which a signal is multiplied.
- 1987, John Borwick, Sound recording practice (page 238)
- There follows the high and low-frequency replay equalization, which normally involves two adjustments with a further control allowing the replay gain to be set.
- 1987, John Borwick, Sound recording practice (page 238)
Antonyms
- loss
Derived terms
- autogain
- gainful
- gainsome
- gain-ground (game)
Translations
Etymology 2
From dialectal English gen, gin, short for again, agen (“against”); also Middle English gain, gayn, gein, ?æn (“against”), from Old English g?an, ge?n (“against”). More at against.
Preposition
gain
- (obsolete) Against.
Derived terms
- gainful
Etymology 3
From Middle English gayn, gein, geyn (“straight, direct, short, fit, good”), from Old Norse gegn (“straight, direct, short, ready, serviceable, kindly”), from gegn (“opposite, against”, adverb) (whence gagna (“to go against, meet, suit, be meet”)); see below at gain. Adverb from Middle English gayn, gayne (“fitly, quickly”), from the adjective.
Adjective
gain (comparative more gain, superlative most gain)
- (obsolete) Straight, direct; near; short.
- the gainest way
- (obsolete) Suitable; convenient; ready.
- (dialectal) Easy; tolerable; handy, dexterous.
- (dialectal) Honest; respectable; moderate; cheap.
Translations
Derived terms
- gainly
- gainsome
Adverb
gain (comparative more gain, superlative most gain)
- (obsolete) Straightly; quickly; by the nearest way or means.
- (dialectal) Suitably; conveniently; dexterously; moderately.
- (dialectal) Tolerably; fairly.
- gain quiet (= fairly/pretty quiet)
Etymology 4
Compare Welsh gan (“a mortise”).
Noun
gain (plural gains)
- (architecture) A square or bevelled notch cut out of a girder, binding joist, or other timber which supports a floor beam, so as to receive the end of the floor beam.
Anagrams
- Agin, Agni, Angi, Gina, NGIA, Nagi, Ngai, a- -ing, ag'in, agin, gina, inga
Basque
Noun
gain
- summit
French
Etymology
From Middle French gain, from Old French gaaing, from the verb gaaignier (“to earn, gain, seize, conquer by force”), from Frankish *waidanjan (“to graze, forage, hunt”), from Proto-Germanic *waiþ? (“a hunt, pasture, food”), from Proto-Indo-European *weyh?- (“to seek, crave, hunt”). Cognate with Old High German weidan?n (“to hunt, chase”), German Weide (“pasture, pasturage”). Compare also related Old French gain (“harvest time, revival”), from Frankish *waida (“income, food, fodder”) (whence French regain), from the same Germanic source.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /???/
Noun
gain m (plural gains)
- (usually in the plural) winnings, earnings, takings
- (finance) gain, yield
Derived terms
- gain de cause
- gain du temps
Further reading
- “gain” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
Louisiana Creole French
Etymology
From French gagner (“to gain”), compare Haitian Creole gen.
Verb
gain
- to have
Middle English
Etymology 1
From Old Norse gegn.
Adjective
gain
- Alternative form of gayn (“direct, fast, good, helpful”)
Etymology 2
From Old Norse gagn.
Noun
gain
- Alternative form of gayn (“gain, reward, advantage”)
Etymology 3
From Old Norse gegna.
Verb
gain
- Alternative form of gaynen
Etymology 4
From Old English ?e?n, gæ?n, from Proto-Germanic *gagin; also influenced by Old Norse gegn, from the same Proto-Germanic form. Doublet of gayn (“direct, fast, good, helpful”).
Alternative forms
- gayn, gein, ?æn, ?ein, ?ean, gayne, gen, gan, gaine, geyn
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /??i?n/, /?e?n/, /j?i?n/, /je?n/
Preposition
gain
- against, next to, touching
- (figuratively) against, opposed to, counter to, opposing (usually used in religious and spiritual contexts)
- towards, to, nearing
- (rare) on, on top of
- (rare) facing, pointed towards
Descendants
- English: gain (obsolete)
- Scots: gain, gin
References
- “y??n, prep.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-04-23.
Adverb
gain
- back (to), returning (to)
References
- “y??n, adv.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-04-23.
Middle French
Etymology
Old French gaaing.
Noun
gain m (plural gains)
- income (financial)
Descendants
- French: gain
References
- gain on Dictionnaire du Moyen Français (1330–1500) (in French)
Welsh
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?ai?n/
Adjective
gain
- Soft mutation of cain.
Mutation
gain From the web:
- what gains electrons
- what gaineth a man
- what gain means
- what gains weight
- what gaineth a man if he
- what gain should you record at
- what gained independence from spain in 1821
- what gains value over time
fill
English
Pronunciation
- enPR: f?l, IPA(key): /f?l/, [f??]
- Rhymes: -?l
- Homophone: Phil
Etymology 1
From Middle English fillen, fullen, from Old English fyllan (“to fill, fill up, replenish, satisfy; complete, fulfill”), from Proto-Germanic *fullijan? (“to make full, fill”), from *fullaz (“full”), from Proto-Indo-European *pl?h?nós (“full”). Cognate with Scots fill (“to fill”), West Frisian folje (“to fill”), Low German füllen (“to fill”), Dutch vullen (“to fill”), German füllen (“to fill”), Danish fylde (“to fill”), Swedish fylla (“to fill”), Norwegian fylle (“to fill”), Icelandic fylla (“to fill”) and Latin plenus (“full”)
Verb
fill (third-person singular simple present fills, present participle filling, simple past and past participle filled)
- (transitive) To occupy fully, to take up all of.
- c. 1761, Tobias Smollett, translator, Don Quixote, part 2, book 5, chapter 4:
- […] the drums began to thunder, the sound of trumpets filled the air, the earth trembled beneath their feet, and the hearts of the gazing multitude throbbed with suspense and expectation […]
- c. 1860, Charles Dickens, Great Expectations, chapter 38:
- And now that I have given the one chapter to the theme that so filled my heart, and so often made it ache and ache again, I pass on, unhindered, to the event that had impended over me longer yet […] .
- c. 1761, Tobias Smollett, translator, Don Quixote, part 2, book 5, chapter 4:
- (transitive) To add contents to (a container, cavity, or the like) so that it is full.
- 1950, Arthur W. Upfield, The Bachelors of Broken Hill, chapter 11:
- She continued to frown as she filled Bony's cup and added brandy to her own.
- 2005, Wendy Coakley-Thompson, What You Won't Do for Love, 2006 edition, ?ISBN, page 10 [1]:
- She forgave him the pain as he filled the cavity in her back molar. Three weeks later, she let him fill a more intimate cavity.
- 2006, Gilbert Morris, Sante Fe Woman, B&H, page 95 [2]:
- Grat Herendeen was the first man, a huge man with his bull whip coiled and over his shoulder seeming almost a part of him. He grinned at her as she filled his plate with the eggs and motioned toward the bacon. "Help yourself, Grat."
- 1950, Arthur W. Upfield, The Bachelors of Broken Hill, chapter 11:
- To enter (something), making it full.
- 1910 May 13, John C. Sherwin, opinion, Delashmutt et al. v. Chicago, B. & Q. R. Co. et al., reprinted in volume 126, North Western Reporter, page 359, at 360:
- In the evening of the 14th of July, there was a rainfall of 3 or 3½ inches in that locality. The water filled the ditch so full that it overflowed the levees on both sides in many places […] .
- 2004, Peter Westen, The Logic of Consent, Ashgate, ?ISBN, page 322 [3]:
- As the crowd filled the aisles, S repeated loudly what he had announced upon entering the stadium: 'I don't want anyone to touch me, and I will call the police if anyone does.'
- 1910 May 13, John C. Sherwin, opinion, Delashmutt et al. v. Chicago, B. & Q. R. Co. et al., reprinted in volume 126, North Western Reporter, page 359, at 360:
- (intransitive) To become full.
- (intransitive) To become pervaded with something.
- (transitive) To satisfy or obey (an order, request, or requirement).
- (transitive) To install someone, or be installed, in (a position or office), eliminating a vacancy.
- 1891 January 23, Allen Morse, opinion, Lawrence v. Hanley, reprinted in volume 47, Northwestern Reporter, page 753, at 755:
- The board of supervisors called a specal[sic] election to fill the office, and at such special election Henry C. Andrews was elected judge of probate to fill out the said term.
- 1891 January 23, Allen Morse, opinion, Lawrence v. Hanley, reprinted in volume 47, Northwestern Reporter, page 753, at 755:
- (transitive) To treat (a tooth) by adding a dental filling to it.
- a. 1891, "Intimate Diagnosis of Diseased Teeth", in Items of Interest: A Monthly Magazine of Dental Art, Science and Literature, volume 13, number 11, November 1891, page 657 [4]:
- Be that as it may, had the disturbance continued after our having filled the molar, and presuming that nothing had been done to the bicuspid, we might have been still as far as ever from knowing where the trouble lay.
- a. 1891, "Intimate Diagnosis of Diseased Teeth", in Items of Interest: A Monthly Magazine of Dental Art, Science and Literature, volume 13, number 11, November 1891, page 657 [4]:
- (transitive) To fill or supply fully with food; to feed; to satisfy.
- Whence should we have so much bread in the wilderness, as to fill so great a multitude?
- (transitive, nautical) To trim (a yard) so that the wind blows on the after side of the sails.
- (transitive, slang, vulgar, of a male) To have sexual intercourse with (a female).
Synonyms
- (occupy fully, take up all of): pervade
- (have sexual intercourse with a female): dick, get up in, knob, swive; see also Thesaurus:copulate with
Antonyms
- (add contents to a container or cavity): empty
- (to become full): empty
Hyponyms
- backfill
- polyfill
- refill
Derived terms
- backfill
- filler
- filling
- forthfill
- fulfill, fulfil
- overfill
Related terms
Related terms
- full
Translations
Etymology 2
From Middle English fille, vülle, fülle, from Old English fyllu, from Proto-Germanic *full?? (“fullness”). Cognate with German Fülle.
Noun
fill (plural fills)
- (after a possessive) A sufficient or more than sufficient amount.
- Don't feed him any more: he's had his fill.
- 1885, Richard F. Burton, The Book of the Thousand Nights and a Night:
- Then they set somewhat of food before me, whereof I ate my fill, and gave me somewhat of clothes wherewith I clad myself anew and covered my nakedness; after which they took me up into the ship, […]
- An amount that fills a container.
- The mixer returned to the plant for another fill.
- The filling of a container or area.
- That machine can do 20 fills a minute.
- This paint program supports lines, circles, and textured fills.
- Inexpensive material used to occupy empty spaces, especially in construction.
- The ruins of earlier buildings were used as fill for more recent construction.
- (archaeology) Soil and/or human-created debris discovered within a cavity or cut in the layers and exposed by excavation; fill soil.
- An embankment, as in railroad construction, to fill a hollow or ravine; also, the place which is to be filled.
- (music) A short passage, riff, or rhythmic sound that helps to keep the listener's attention during a break between the phrases of a melody.
- bass fill
Hyponyms
Derived terms
Related terms
- fill soil
- fill up
Translations
Etymology 3
See thill.
Noun
fill (plural fills)
- One of the thills or shafts of a carriage.
- (Can we find and add a quotation of Mortimer to this entry?)
- 2008, Martha E. Green, Pioneers in Pith Helmets
- It was a challenge to learn to harness him, guide him slowly back between the fills of the carriage, then to fasten the right buckles and snaps, making the harness and buggy all ready for travel to church or to town.
Albanian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /fi??/
Etymology 1
Borrowed through Vulgar Latin from Latin filum.
Noun
fill m (plural fije)
- thread, yarn
Etymology 2
Unclear. Probably from Proto-Indo-European *stel- (“to place, stell; fixed, motionless, still, stiff”)
Adverb
fill
- at once, immediately, alone
- instant
Derived terms
- filloj
- zanafillë
Catalan
Etymology
From Old Occitan filh, from Latin f?lius, from Latin f?lios (“son”), from Proto-Indo-European *d?eh?y-li-os (“sucker”), a derivation from the verbal root *d?eh?(y)- (“to suck”). Cognate to Occitan filh, French fils.
Pronunciation
- (Balearic, Central, Valencian) IPA(key): /?fi?/
- Rhymes: -i?
Noun
fill m (plural fills)
- son
Derived terms
- fill de puta
Related terms
- afillar
- filial
- filla
Further reading
- “fill” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
Irish
Pronunciation
- (Munster) IPA(key): /f?i?l?/
- (Galway) IPA(key): /f?i?l??/
- (Mayo, Ulster) IPA(key): /f??l??/
Etymology 1
From Old Irish fillid (“turns back”), from Proto-Celtic *wel-n-, from Proto-Indo-European *wel- (“turn”); compare German walzen (“roll”), Latin volv? (“turn”)
Verb
fill (present analytic filleann, future analytic fillfidh, verbal noun filleadh, past participle fillte)
- turn back
- return
- fold
- (biology, geology, medicine) plicate
- (medicine, of symptoms) recur
Conjugation
Derived terms
- athfhill (“recur; (of decimals) circulate; refold; reflect”)
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the main entry.
Noun
fill
- genitive singular of feall
Mutation
References
- "fill" in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
- Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “fillid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Scottish Gaelic
Etymology
From Old Irish fillid (“turns back”), from Proto-Celtic *wel-n-, from Proto-Indo-European *wel- (“turn”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /fi??/
Verb
fill (past dh'fhill, future fillidh, verbal noun filleadh, past participle fillte)
- fold; plait; twill
- imply
- contain, include
Derived terms
- eadar-fhill (“intervolve”)
Mutation
References
- “fill” in Edward Dwelly, Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan/The Illustrated [Scottish] Gaelic–English Dictionary, 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, 1911, ?ISBN.
- Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “fillid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
fill From the web:
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- what filler episodes to skip in naruto
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- what fills you up
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- what fills a greater soul gem
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