different between gain vs bag

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?e?n/
• Rhymes: -e?n

Etymology 1

From Middle English gayn, gain, gein (“profit, advantage”), from Old Norse gagn (“benefit, advantage, use”), from Proto-Germanic *gagn?, *gagan? (“gain, profit", literally "return”), from Proto-Germanic *gagana (“back, against, in return”), a reduplication of Proto-Germanic *ga- (“with, together”), from Proto-Indo-European *?óm (“next to, at, with, along”). Cognate with Icelandic gagn (“gain, advantage, use”), Swedish gagn (“benefit, profit”), Danish gavn (“gain, profit, success”), Gothic ???????????????????????????????? (gageigan, “to gain, profit”), Old Norse gegn (“ready”), dialectal Swedish gen (“useful, noteful”), Latin cum (“with”); see gain-, again, against. Compare also Middle English gaynen, geinen (“to be of use, profit, avail”), Icelandic and Swedish gagna (“to avail, help”), Danish gavne (“to benefit”).

The Middle English word was reinforced by Middle French gain (“gain, profit, advancement, cultivation”), from Old French gaaing, gaaigne, gaigne, a noun derivative of gaaignier (“to till, earn, win”), from Frankish *waidanjan (“to pasture, graze, hunt for food”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *waiþiz, *waiþ?, *waiþij? (“pasture, field, hunting ground”); compare Old High German weid?n, weidan?n (“to hunt, forage for food”) (Modern German Weide (“pasture”)), Old Norse veiða (“to catch, hunt”), Old English w?þan (“to hunt, chase, pursue”). Related to wathe, wide.

Verb

gain (third-person singular simple present gains, present participle gaining, simple past and past participle gained)

1. (transitive) To acquire possession of.

   Looks like you've gained a new friend.
2. (intransitive) To have or receive advantage or profit; to acquire gain; to grow rich; to advance in interest, health, or happiness; to make progress.

   The sick man gains daily.
3. (transitive, dated) To come off winner or victor in; to be successful in; to obtain by competition.

   to gain a battle; to gain a case at law

4. (transitive) To increase.
   • 1883, Howard Pyle, The Merry Adventures of Robin Hood Chapter V

     Then they had bouts of wrestling and of cudgel play, so that every day they gained in skill and strength.

5. (intransitive) To be more likely to catch or overtake an individual.

   I'm gaining (on you).

   gain ground

6. (transitive) To reach.

   to gain the top of a mountain

   • 1907, Jack London, The Iron Heel:

     Ernest laughed harshly and savagely when he had gained the street.

7. To draw into any interest or party; to win to one's side; to conciliate.

   • If he shall hear thee, thou hast gained thy brother.

   • to gratify the queen, and gain the court

8. (intransitive) To put on weight.

   I've been gaining.

10. (of a clock or watch) To run fast.

Derived terms

Translations

Noun

gain (countable and uncountable, plural gains)

1. The act of gaining; acquisition.
   • 1855, Alfred Tennyson, Maude

     the lust of gain, in the spirit of Cain

2. What is gained.
3. (electronics) The factor by which a signal is multiplied.
   • 1987, John Borwick, Sound recording practice (page 238)

     There follows the high and low-frequency replay equalization, which normally involves two adjustments with a further control allowing the replay gain to be set.

Antonyms

• loss

Derived terms

• autogain
• gainful
• gainsome
• gain-ground (game)

Translations

Etymology 2

From dialectal English gen, gin, short for again, agen (“against”); also Middle English gain, gayn, gein, ?æn (“against”), from Old English g?an, ge?n (“against”). More at against.

Preposition

gain

1. (obsolete) Against.

Derived terms

• gainful

Etymology 3

From Middle English gayn, gein, geyn (“straight, direct, short, fit, good”), from Old Norse gegn (“straight, direct, short, ready, serviceable, kindly”), from gegn (“opposite, against”, adverb) (whence gagna (“to go against, meet, suit, be meet”)); see below at gain. Adverb from Middle English gayn, gayne (“fitly, quickly”), from the adjective.

Adjective

gain (comparative more gain, superlative most gain)

1. (obsolete) Straight, direct; near; short.

   the gainest way

2. (obsolete) Suitable; convenient; ready.
3. (dialectal) Easy; tolerable; handy, dexterous.
4. (dialectal) Honest; respectable; moderate; cheap.

Translations

Derived terms

• gainly
• gainsome

Adverb

gain (comparative more gain, superlative most gain)

1. (obsolete) Straightly; quickly; by the nearest way or means.
2. (dialectal) Suitably; conveniently; dexterously; moderately.
3. (dialectal) Tolerably; fairly.

   gain quiet (= fairly/pretty quiet)

Etymology 4

Compare Welsh gan (“a mortise”).

Noun

gain (plural gains)

1. (architecture) A square or bevelled notch cut out of a girder, binding joist, or other timber which supports a floor beam, so as to receive the end of the floor beam.

Anagrams

• Agin, Agni, Angi, Gina, NGIA, Nagi, Ngai, a- -ing, ag'in, agin, gina, inga

Basque

Noun

gain

1. summit

French

Etymology

From Middle French gain, from Old French gaaing, from the verb gaaignier (“to earn, gain, seize, conquer by force”), from Frankish *waidanjan (“to graze, forage, hunt”), from Proto-Germanic *waiþ? (“a hunt, pasture, food”), from Proto-Indo-European *weyh?- (“to seek, crave, hunt”). Cognate with Old High German weidan?n (“to hunt, chase”), German Weide (“pasture, pasturage”). Compare also related Old French gain (“harvest time, revival”), from Frankish *waida (“income, food, fodder”) (whence French regain), from the same Germanic source.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /???/

Noun

gain m (plural gains)

1. (usually in the plural) winnings, earnings, takings
2. (finance) gain, yield

Derived terms

• gain de cause
• gain du temps

Further reading

• “gain” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Louisiana Creole French

Etymology

From French gagner (“to gain”), compare Haitian Creole gen.

Verb

gain

1. to have

Middle English

Etymology 1

From Old Norse gegn.

Adjective

gain

1. Alternative form of gayn (“direct, fast, good, helpful”)

Etymology 2

From Old Norse gagn.

Noun

gain

1. Alternative form of gayn (“gain, reward, advantage”)

Etymology 3

From Old Norse gegna.

Verb

gain

1. Alternative form of gaynen

Etymology 4

From Old English ?e?n, gæ?n, from Proto-Germanic *gagin; also influenced by Old Norse gegn, from the same Proto-Germanic form. Doublet of gayn (“direct, fast, good, helpful”).

Alternative forms

• gayn, gein, ?æn, ?ein, ?ean, gayne, gen, gan, gaine, geyn

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??i?n/, /?e?n/, /j?i?n/, /je?n/

Preposition

gain

2. against, next to, touching
3. (figuratively) against, opposed to, counter to, opposing (usually used in religious and spiritual contexts)
4. towards, to, nearing
5. (rare) on, on top of
6. (rare) facing, pointed towards

Descendants

• English: gain (obsolete)
• Scots: gain, gin

References

• “y??n, prep.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-04-23.

Adverb

gain

1. back (to), returning (to)

References

• “y??n, adv.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-04-23.

Middle French

Etymology

Old French gaaing.

Noun

gain m (plural gains)

1. income (financial)

Descendants

• French: gain

References

• gain on Dictionnaire du Moyen Français (1330–1500) (in French)

Welsh

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?ai?n/

Adjective

gain

1. Soft mutation of cain.

Mutation

English

Etymology

From Middle English bagge, borrowed from Old Norse baggi (“bag, pack, satchel, bundle”), related to Old Norse b?ggr (“harm, shame; load, burden”), of uncertain origin. Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *b?ak- (compare Welsh baich (“load, bundle”), Ancient Greek ???????? (bástagma, “load”)).

Pronunciation

• enPR: b?g, IPA^(key): /?bæ?/
• (Southern England, Australia) IPA^(key): /?bæ??/
• (US, some dialects) IPA^(key): /?b??/
• (US, Upper Midwest) IPA^(key): /?be??/,
• Rhymes: -æ?

Noun

bag (plural bags)

1. A flexible container made of cloth, paper, plastic, etc.

   Synonyms: (obsolete) poke, sack, tote

   Hyponym: bindle

2. (informal) A handbag

   Synonyms: handbag, (US) purse

3. A suitcase.
4. A schoolbag, especially a backpack.
5. (slang) One’s preference.

   Synonyms: cup of tea, thing; see also Thesaurus:predilection

6. (derogatory) An ugly woman.

   Synonyms: dog, hag

7. (LGBT, slang, US, derogatory) A fellow gay man.
8. (baseball) The cloth-covered pillow used for first, second, and third base.

9. (baseball) First, second, or third base.

10. (preceded by "the") A breathalyzer, so named because it formerly had a plastic bag over the end to measure a set amount of breath.
11. (mathematics) A collection of objects, disregarding order, but (unlike a set) in which elements may be repeated.

    Synonym: multiset
12. A sac in animal bodies, containing some fluid or other substance.

13. (now historical) A pouch tied behind a man's head to hold the back-hair of a wig; a bag wig.
    • 1751, Tobias Smollett, The Adventures of Peregrine Pickle, vol. II, ch. 54:

      [H]e had once lost his bag, and a considerable quantity of hair, which had been cut off by some rascal in his passage through Ludgate, during the lord mayor's procession.

    • 1774, Frances Burney, Journals & Letters, Penguin 2001, 1 December:

      He had on a suit of Manchester velvet, Lined with white satten, a Bag, lace Ruffles, and a very handsome sword which the King had given to him.

14. The quantity of game bagged in a hunt.
15. (slang, vulgar) A scrotum.
16. (Britain) A unit of measure of cement equal to 94 pounds.
17. (chiefly in the plural) A dark circle under the eye, caused by lack of sleep, drug addiction etc.
18. (slang) A small envelope that contains drugs, especially narcotics.
19. (MLE, slang) £1000, a grand.
20. (informal) A large number or amount.

Derived terms

Descendants

• Korean: ? (baek)
• Norwegian: bag

Translations

Verb

bag (third-person singular simple present bags, present participle bagging, simple past and past participle bagged)

1. To put into a bag.
2. to take with oneself, to assume into one’s score
   1. (informal) To catch or kill, especially when fishing or hunting.
   2. To gain possession of something, or to make first claim on something.
   3. (slang, African American Vernacular) To bring a woman one met on the street with one.
   4. (slang, MLE) To end the being at large of someone, to deprive of somone’s corporeal freedom in the course of a criminal procedure.

      Synonym: nick
3. (transitive) To furnish or load with a bag.

   • a bee bagged with his honeyed venom

   1. (transitive, medicine) To provide with artificial ventilation via a bag valve mask (BVM) resuscitator.
   2. (transitive, medicine) To fit with a bag to collect urine.
      • 1985, Sol S. Zimmerman, Joan Holter Gildea, Critical Care Pediatrics (page 205)

        The patient was bagged for a urine analysis and stat electrolytes were drawn.

4. to expose exterior shape or physical behaviour resembling that of a bag
   1. (obsolete, transitive, intransitive) To (cause to) swell or hang down like a full bag.

   2. To hang like an empty bag.
      • 1934, George Orwell, Burmese Days, Chapter 3,^[1]

        [...] he was dressed in a badly fitting white drill suit, with trousers bagging concertina-like over clumsy black boots.

      • 2004, Andrea Levy, Small Island, London: Review, Chapter Eleven, p. 125,^[2]

        And this uniform did not even fit me so well. But what is a little bagging on the waist and tightness under the arm when you are a gallant member of the British Royal Air Force?

   3. (nautical, intransitive) To drop away from the correct course.
   4. (obsolete, intransitive) To become pregnant.

      (Can we find and add a quotation of Warner. (Alb. Eng.) to this entry?)

5. to show particular puffy emotion
   1. (obsolete, intransitive) To swell with arrogance.

      (Can we find and add a quotation of Chaucer to this entry?)

   2. (slang, African American Vernacular) To laugh uncontrollably.
   3. (Australia, slang) To criticise sarcastically.

Translations

References

Anagrams

• -gab-, ABG, AGB, BGA, GAB, GBA, Gab, gab, gab-

Antillean Creole

Etymology

From French bague.

Noun

bag

1. ring

Aromanian

Alternative forms

• bagu

Etymology

Either of substratum origin or from a Vulgar Latin *beg?, from Late Latin b?g?, from Latin b?ga. Less likely from Greek ???? (vázo, “put in, set on”). May have originally referred to putting animals under a yoke. Compare Romanian b?ga, bag.

Verb

bag (past participle bãgatã or bãgate)

1. I put, place, apply.

Related terms

• bãgari / bãgare
• bãgat
• nibãgat

See also

• pun

Breton

Etymology

Probably tied to Old French bac (“flat boat”), itself of obscure origin.

Noun

bag f

1. boat

Danish

Etymology 1

From Old Norse bak n (“back”), from Proto-Germanic *bak?, cognate with Norwegian bak, Swedish bak, English back. The preposition is a shortening of Old Norse á bak (“on the back of”), compare English back from aback, from Old English onbæc.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ba???/, [?b?æ?j], [?b?æ?], (as a preposition or adverb always) IPA^(key): [?b?æ?]

Noun

bag c (singular definite bagen, plural indefinite bage)

1. (anatomy) behind, bottom, butt, buttocks
2. seat (part of clothing)

Inflection

Synonyms

• (behind): bagdel, ende, røv (informal)
• (seat): buksebag

Preposition

bag

1. behind

Adverb

bag

1. behind

Etymology 2

From the verb to bake

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ba???/, [?b?æ?j], [?b?æ?]

Noun

bag n (singular definite baget, plural indefinite bage)

1. (rare) pastry

   Synonym: bagværk

Inflection

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the main entry.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ba???/, [?b?æ?j], [?b?æ?]

Verb

bag

1. imperative of bage

Haitian Creole

Etymology

From French bague (“ring”).

Noun

bag

1. ring

Meriam

Noun

bag

1. cheek

Norwegian Bokmål

Alternative forms

• bagg

Etymology

Borrowed from English bag, from Old Norse baggi.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bæ?/

Noun

bag m (definite singular bagen, indefinite plural bager, definite plural bagene)

1. A purse more or less similar to a bag or sack.
2. (on a baby carriage) a detachable part of the carriage to lie on.

References

• “bag” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Alternative forms

• bagg

Etymology

Borrowed from English bag, from Old Norse baggi. Doublet of bagge.

Noun

bag m (definite singular bagen, indefinite plural bagar, definite plural bagane)

1. A purse more or less similar to a bag or sack.
2. (on a baby carriage) a detachable part of the carriage to lie on.

References

• “bag” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old Frisian

Alternative forms

• b?ch

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *baugaz (“ring”) Cognate to Old English b?ag

Noun

b?g m

1. a ring

Inflection

Rohingya

Etymology

From Magadhi Prakrit [Term?], from Sanskrit ??????? (vy?ghra).

Noun

bag

1. tiger

Romanian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ba?]

Verb

bag

1. first-person singular present indicative/subjunctive of b?ga

Swedish

Etymology

Borrowed from English bag, from Old Norse baggi.

Noun

bag c

1. A kind of large bag; a duffel bag

Declension

Torres Strait Creole

Etymology

From Meriam bag.

Noun

bag

1. (anatomy, eastern dialect) cheek

Synonyms

• masa (western dialect)

Turkmen

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

bag (definite accusative bagy, plural baglar)

1. garden

Welsh

Etymology

From English bag.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ba?/

Noun

bag m (plural bagiau)

1. bag

Mutation

Further reading

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present) , “bag”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

Zhuang

Pronunciation

• (Standard Zhuang) IPA^(key): /pa?k?/
• Tone numbers: bag⁸
• Hyphenation: bag

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “From Proto-Tai *bra:kD?”)

Verb

bag (Sawndip forms ???? or ? or ? or ? or ???? or ???? or ? or ???? or ???? or ??? or ???? or ???? or ??? or ?, old orthography bag)

1. to chop; to split
2. (of lightning) to strike
3. to dive; to swoop down
4. to divide
5. to cut across

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

bag (Sawndip forms ???? or ??? or ? or ?, old orthography bag)

1. mental illness

Adjective

bag (Sawndip forms ???? or ??? or ? or ?, old orthography bag)

1. crazy; mad; insane

   Synonym: vangh

Descendants

• mabag

Verb

bag (Sawndip forms ???? or ??? or ? or ?, old orthography bag)

1. to become crazy; to go mad; to go nuts

   Synonym: vangh