different between frank vs downright

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /f?æ?k/
• Rhymes: -æ?k
• Homophones: franc, Frank

Etymology 1

Middle English, from Old French franc (“free”), in turn from the name of an early Germanic confederation, the Franks.

Adjective

frank (comparative franker, superlative frankest)

1. honest, especially in a manner that seems slightly blunt; candid; not reserved or disguised.

2. (medicine) unmistakable, clinically obvious, self-evident

3. (obsolete) Unbounded by restrictions, limitations, etc.; free.

   • It is of frank gift.

4. (obsolete) Liberal; generous; profuse.
5. (obsolete, derogatory) Unrestrained; loose; licentious.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Spenser to this entry?)

Derived terms

• frankly

Translations

Noun

frank (plural franks)

1. (uncountable) Free postage, a right exercised by governments (usually with definite article).
   • October 5, 1780, William Cowper, letter to Rev. William Unwin

     I have said so much, that, if I had not a frank, I must burn my letter and begin again.

2. (countable) The notice on an envelope where a stamp would normally be found.

Verb

frank (third-person singular simple present franks, present participle franking, simple past and past participle franked)

1. To place a frank on an envelope.
   • 1811, Jane Austen, Sense and Sensibility, chapter 20

     It will be so ridiculous to see all his letters directed to him with an M.P.—But do you know, he says, he will never frank for me?

2. To exempt from charge for postage, as a letter, package, or packet, etc.
3. To send by public conveyance free of expense.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Charles Dickens to this entry?)

Translations

See also

• prepay

Etymology 2

Shortened form of frankfurter.

Noun

frank (plural franks)

1. A hot dog or sausage.

   Synonyms: frankfurt, frankfurter

Related terms

• cocktail frank

See also

• sav
• savaloy

Etymology 3

Noun

frank (plural franks)

1. (Britain) The grey heron.

Etymology 4

From Old French franc.

Noun

frank (plural franks)

1. A pigsty.

Verb

frank (third-person singular simple present franks, present participle franking, simple past and past participle franked)

1. To shut up in a frank or sty; to pen up; hence, to cram; to fatten.

Czech

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?fra?k]
• Rhymes: -a?k

Noun

frank m

1. franc (former currency of France and some other countries)
2. franc (any of several units of currency such as Swiss franc)

Further reading

• frank in P?íru?ní slovník jazyka ?eského, 1935–1957
• frank in Slovník spisovného jazyka ?eského, 1960–1971, 1989

Dutch

Alternative forms

• vrank (archaic, except in the expression vrank en vrij)

Etymology

From Middle Dutch vranc.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fr??k/
• Hyphenation: frank
• Rhymes: -??k
• Homophone: Frank

Adjective

frank (comparative franker, superlative frankst)

1. frank, candid, blunt, open-hearted
2. (dated) cheeky, brazen

Inflection

Derived terms

• frank en vrij

Estonian

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

frank (genitive [please provide], partitive [please provide])

1. franc

Declension

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

German

Etymology

From Middle High German franc, from Old French franc (“free”), of Germanic but eventually uncertain origin.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /f?a?k/

Adjective

frank (not comparable)

1. (archaic) frank

Usage notes

• Now almost exclusively used in the (also somewhat dated) expression frank und frei.

Declension

Further reading

• “frank” in Duden online

Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /frank/

Noun

frank m anim

1. franc

Usage notes

Unqualified modern usage typically refers to the Swiss franc.

Declension

English

Etymology

From Middle English dounright, dounri?t, equivalent to down- +? right.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?da?n??a?t/

Adjective

downright (comparative more downright, superlative most downright)

1. (obsolete) Directed vertically; coming straight down.
   • c. 1590, William Shakespeare, Henry VI, Part 3, Act I, Scene 1,^[1]

     Lord Stafford’s father, Duke of Buckingham,

     Is either slain or wounded dangerously;

     I cleft his beaver with a downright blow:

   • 1611, John Donne, An Anatomy of the World, London: Samuel Macham,^[2]

     We thinke the heavens enjoy their Sphericall

     Their round proportion embracing all.

     But yet their various and perplexed course,

     Observ’d in divers ages doth enforce

     Men to finde out so many Eccentrique parts,

     Such divers downe-right lines, such overthwarts,

     As disproportion that pure forme. […]

2. Directly to the point; plain

   Synonyms: unambiguous, unevasive

   • 1728, Daniel Defoe, A System of Magick, Chapter 3, p. 314,^[3]

     […] three Nights together he dreamt that he saw a Neighbouring Gentleman kissing his Mistress, and in downright English, lying with her.

   • 1907, George Witton, Scapegoats of the Empire: The True Story of Breaker Morant’s Bushveldt Carbineers, Chapter 5,^[4]

     There were miners from Klondyke, hunters from the backwoods, troopers from the Northwest Frontier Police, and included were some of the “hardest cases” that the land of the maple leaf ever produced; these were past-masters in the use of unique expletives, and for downright and original profanity it would hardly be possible to find their equal.

   • 1920, Annie Shepley Omori and Kochi Doi, Diaries of Court Ladies of Old Japan, Boston: Houghton Mifflin, Translator’s Note,^[5]

     English words and thought seem too downright a medium into which to render these evanescent, half-expressed sentences and poems—vague as the misty mountain scenery of her country, with no pronouns at all, and without verb inflections.

3. Using plain direct language; accustomed to express opinions directly and bluntly; blunt.
   • 1776, Adam Smith, The Wealth of Nations, London: W. Strahan & T. Cadell, Volume 1, Book 2, Chapter 2, p. 396,^[6]

     It bears the evident marks of having originally been, what the honest and downright Doctor Douglass assures us it was, a scheme of fraudulent debtors to cheat their creditors.

   • 1815, Jane Austen, Emma, Volume 1, Chapter 4,^[7]

     There is an openness, a quickness, almost a bluntness in Mr. Weston, which every body likes in him, because there is so much good-humour with it—but that would not do to be copied. Neither would Mr. Knightley’s downright, decided, commanding sort of manner, though it suits him very well; his figure, and look, and situation in life seem to allow it; but if any young man were to set about copying him, he would not be sufferable.

   • 1941, Emily Carr, Klee Wyck, Chapter 3,^[8]

     The twisted trees and high tossed driftwood hinted that Skedans could be as thoroughly fierce as she was calm. She was downright about everything.

4. Complete; absolute

   Synonym: utter

   • 1646, Thomas Browne, Pseudodoxia Epidemica, London: Edw. Dod & Nath. Ekins, 1650, Book I, Chapter 5, p. 13,^[9]

     For although in that ancient and diffused adoration of Idols, unto the Priests and subtiler heads, the worship perhaps might be symbolicall, and as those Images some way related unto their deities; yet was the Idolatry direct and down-right in the people […] who may be made beleeve that any thing is God […] .

   • 1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, Dublin: John Smith, Volume 3, Book 15, Chapter 3, p. 132,^[10]

     ‘I see his Design,’ said she, ‘for he made downright Love to me Yesterday Morning; but as I am resolved never to admit it […] ’

   • 1879, Robert Louis Stevenson, Edinburgh: Picturesque Notes, London: Seeley, 1903, Chapter 1,^[11]

     The weather is raw and boisterous in winter, shifty and ungenial in summer, and a downright meteorological purgatory in the spring.

Synonyms

• right-down
• evendown

Derived terms

• downrightness

Adverb

downright (not comparable)

1. Really; actually; quite

   Synonyms: thoroughly, utterly

   He wasn’t just cool to me, he was downright rude.

   • 1716, Joseph Addison, The Drummer; or, The Haunted House, London: Jacob Tonson, Act I, Scene 1, p. 8,^[12]

     Familiar! Madam, in Troth he’s down-right rude.

   • 1753, Samuel Richardson, The History of Sir Charles Grandison, Volume 6, Letter 31, p. 208,^[13]

     And, dear Lady G. he downright kissed me—My lip; and not my cheek—and in so fervent a way—

2. (obsolete) Straight down; perpendicularly.
   • 1851, Herman Melville, Moby-Dick, Chapter 36,^[14]

     The three mates quailed before his strong, sustained, and mystic aspect. Stubb and Flask looked sideways from him; the honest eye of Starbuck fell downright.

3. (obsolete) Plainly, unambiguously; directly.
   • c. 1599, William Shakespeare, As You Like It, Act III, Scene 4,^[15]

     Rosalind. Not true in love?

     Celia. Yes, when he is in; but I think he is not in.

     Rosalind. You have heard him swear downright he was.

   • 1741, Samuel Richardson, Pamela; or, Virtue Rewarded, London: C. Rivington & J. Osborn, Volume 1, Letter 31, p. 146,^[16]

     Well, ’tis not my Business to quarrel with her downright.

4. (obsolete) Without delay; at once.
   • 1712, John Arbuthnot, John Bull in His Senses: Being the Second Part of Law is a Bottomless-Pit, London: John Morphew, Chapter 2, p. 14,^[17]

     The reading of this Paper put Mrs. Bull in such a Passion, that she fell downright into a Fit, and they were forc’d to give her a good quantity of the Spirit of Hartshorn before she recover’d.

Synonyms

• right-down

Usage notes

"Downright" is used to intensify or emphasize the following adjective, which usually refers to some negative quality.

Translations

See also

• outright

Anagrams

• right-down