different between forge vs hew

English

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /f??d??/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /f??d??/
• (rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger) IPA^(key): /fo(?)?d??/
• (non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger) IPA^(key): /fo?d??/
• Rhymes: -??(?)d?

Etymology 1

From Middle English forge, from Old French forge, early Old French faverge, from Latin fabrica (“workshop”), from faber (“workman in hard materials, smith”) (genitive fabri). Cognate with Franco-Provençal favèrge.

Noun

forge (plural forges)

1. Furnace or hearth where metals are heated prior to hammering them into shape.
2. Workshop in which metals are shaped by heating and hammering them.
3. The act of beating or working iron or steel.

Translations

Etymology 2

From Middle English forgen, from Anglo-Norman forger and Old French forgier, from Latin fabrico (“to frame, construct, build”).

Verb

forge (third-person singular simple present forges, present participle forging, simple past and past participle forged)

2. (metallurgy) To shape a metal by heating and hammering.

   • On Mars's armor forged for proof eterne
3. To form or create with concerted effort.

   • Those names that the schools forged, and put into the mouth of scholars, could never get admittance into common use.

   • ?, Alfred Tennyson, Geraint and Enid

     […] do forge a life-long trouble for ourselves.
4. To create a forgery of; to make a counterfeit item of; to copy or imitate unlawfully.

5. To make falsely; to produce, as that which is untrue or not genuine; to fabricate.
   • 1663, Samuel Butler, Hudibras

     That paltry story is untrue, / And forged to cheat such gulls as you.

Derived terms

• forgery

Translations

Etymology 3

Make way, move ahead, most likely an alteration of force, but perhaps from forge (n.), via notion of steady hammering at something. Originally nautical, in reference to vessels.

Verb

forge (third-person singular simple present forges, present participle forging, simple past and past participle forged)

1. (often as forge ahead) To move forward heavily and slowly (originally as a ship); to advance gradually but steadily; to proceed towards a goal in the face of resistance or difficulty.

   The party of explorers forged through the thick underbrush.

   We decided to forge ahead with our plans even though our biggest underwriter backed out.

   • 1849, Thomas De Quincey, Dream-Fugue (published in Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine)

     And off she [a ship] forged without a shock.

2. (sometimes as forge ahead) To advance, move or act with an abrupt increase in speed or energy.

   With seconds left in the race, the runner forged into first place.

Translations

See also

• fabricate
• make up
• blacksmith

Anagrams

• gofer

French

Etymology

From Old French forge, from earlier faverge, inherited from Latin f?brica. Doublet of fabrique, which was borrowed.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /f???/

Noun

forge f (plural forges)

1. forge (workshop)
2. forge (furnace)

Descendants

• ? Catalan: forja
• ? Franco-Provençal: fôrge
• ? Galician: forxa
• ? Italian: forgia
• ? Portuguese: forja
• ? Romanian: forj?
• ? Spanish: forja

Verb

forge

1. first-person singular present indicative of forger
2. third-person singular present indicative of forger
3. first-person singular present subjunctive of forger
4. third-person singular present subjunctive of forger
5. second-person singular imperative of forger

Further reading

• “forge” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Middle English

Etymology 1

From Old French forge, from earlier faverge, from Latin fabrica.

Alternative forms

• fforge

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?f?rd?(?)/, /?f??rd?(?)/

Noun

forge

1. forge (workshop)

Descendants

• English: forge
• Scots: forge

References

• “f??r?e, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Etymology 2

Verb

forge

1. Alternative form of forgen

Old French

Etymology

From older faverge, from Latin f?brica.

Noun

forge f (oblique plural forges, nominative singular forge, nominative plural forges)

1. forge (workshop)

Descendants

• French: forge
  • ? Catalan: forja
  • ? Franco-Provençal: fôrge
  • ? Galician: forxa
  • ? Italian: forgia
  • ? Portuguese: forja
  • ? Romanian: forj?
  • ? Spanish: forja
• ? Middle English: forge, fforge
  • English: forge
  • Scots: forge

English

Etymology 1

From Middle English hewen, from Old English h?awan, from Proto-West Germanic *hauwan, from Proto-Germanic *hawwan?, from Proto-Indo-European *kewh?- (“to strike, hew, forge”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /hju?/, [çju?]
• Rhymes: -u?
• Homophone: hue

Verb

hew (third-person singular simple present hews, present participle hewing, simple past hewed or (rare) hew, past participle hewed or hewn)

1. (transitive, intransitive) To chop away at; to whittle down; to mow down.
   • c. 1591, William Shakespeare, Henry VI, Part 1, Act IV Scene vii^[1]:

     Hew them to pieces, hack their bones asunder […]

   • 1912: Edgar Rice Burroughs, Tarzan of the Apes, Chapter 6

     Among other things he found a sharp hunting knife, on the keen blade of which he immediately proceeded to cut his finger. Undaunted he continued his experiments, finding that he could hack and hew splinters of wood from the table and chairs with this new toy.

2. (transitive) To shape; to form.

   to hew out a sepulchre

   • Look unto the rock whence ye are hewn.

   • December 19, 1734, Alexander Pope, letter to Jonathan Swift

     rather polishing old works than hewing out new

3. (transitive, US) To act according to, to conform to; usually construed with to.
   • 1905, Albert Osborn, John Fletcher Hurst: A Biography,^[2] Jennings & Graham, page 428

     Few men measured up to his standard of righteousness; he hewed to the line.

   • 1998, Frank M. Robinson and Lawrence Davidson, Pulp Culture: The Art of Fiction Magazines,^[3] Collectors Press, Inc., ?ISBN, page 103

     Inside the stories usually hewed to a consistent formula: no matter how outlandish and weird the circumstances, in the end everything had to have a natural, if not plausible, ending—frequently, though not always, involving a mad scientist.

   • 2008, Chester E. Finn, Troublemaker: A Personal History of School Reform Since Sputnik,^[4] Princeton University Press, ?ISBN, page 28

     Faculty members and students alike were buzzing with the fashionable nostrums that dominated U.S. education discourse in the late sixties, […] These hewed to the recommendations of the Plowden Report, […]

   • King recovered the rights on the condition that he'd stop publicly disparaging Kubrick's version. "For a long time I hewed that line," he told CBS News in June. "And then Mr. Kubrick died. So now I figured, what the hell. I've gone back to saying mean things about it."

Derived terms

• behew
• forhew
• hewer
• rough-hew

Translations

Etymology 2

Noun

hew (countable and uncountable, plural hews)

1. (obsolete) hue; colour

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Chaucer to this entry?)

2. (obsolete) shape; form

   • Whose semblance she did carrie under feigned hew.

3. (obsolete) Destruction by cutting down.

Anagrams

• weh