different between perturbation vs ripple

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Middle French perturbation, from Old French perturbacion, from Latin perturbatio

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -e???n

Noun

perturbation (countable and uncountable, plural perturbations)

1. (uncountable) Agitation; the state of being perturbed
2. (countable) A small change in a physical system, or more broadly any definable system (such as a biological or economic system)
3. (countable, astronomy, physics) Variation in an orbit due to the influence of external bodies

Related terms

• perturb
• perturbatory

Translations

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin perturbatio, perturbationem.

Pronunciation

Noun

perturbation f (plural perturbations)

1. disturbance
2. derangement

Related terms

• perturber

Descendants

• ? Romanian: perturba?ie

Further reading

• “perturbation” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

English

Pronunciation

• (UK, US) IPA^(key): /???p(?)l/
• Rhymes: -?p?l

Etymology 1

From an alteration of rimple.

Noun

ripple (plural ripples)

1. A moving disturbance, or undulation, in the surface of a fluid.

   I dropped a small stone into the pond and watched the ripples spread.

   The ebbing tide had left ripples in the sand.

2. A sound similar to that of undulating water.
3. A style of ice cream in which flavors have been coarsely blended together.

   I enjoy fudge ripple ice cream, but I especially like to dig through the carton to get at the ripple part and eat only that.

4. (electronics) A small oscillation of an otherwise steady signal.

Derived terms

Translations

Verb

ripple (third-person singular simple present ripples, present participle rippling, simple past and past participle rippled)

1. (intransitive) To move like the undulating surface of a body of water; to undulate.
2. (intransitive) To propagate like a moving wave.
3. (intransitive) To make a sound as of water running gently over a rough bottom, or the breaking of ripples on the shore.
4. (transitive) To shape into a series of ripples.
5. (transitive) To launch or unleash in rapid succession.
   • 2019, Jason M. Hardy, Phaedra M. Weldon, Herbert A. Beas II, BattleTech: Weapons Free: BattleCorps Anthology, Volume 3

     Hearns' 'Mech rippled fifteen missiles. Austen watched the missiles go in. They smashed into a copse of trees, smashing the trunks aside.

Translations

Etymology 2

From Middle English *ripelen, repulen, equivalent to rip +? -le (frequentative suffix).

Verb

ripple (third-person singular simple present ripples, present participle rippling, simple past and past participle rippled)

1. (transitive) To scratch, tear, or break slightly; graze

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Holland to this entry?)

Etymology 3

Compare German Low German Repel, Dutch repel, German Riffel, extended forms (with instrumental or diminutive -le) of Low German Repe (“ripple”), Dutch repe (“ripple”). Compare also Dutch repen, German reffen, Swedish repa (“to beat; ripple”).

The verb is from Middle English ripplen, rypelen. Compare Low German repelen, Dutch repelen, German riffeln.

Alternative forms

• reeple, riple

Noun

ripple (plural ripples)

1. An implement, with teeth like those of a comb, for removing the seeds and seed vessels from flax, broom corn, etc.

Translations

Verb

ripple (third-person singular simple present ripples, present participle rippling, simple past and past participle rippled)

1. To remove the seeds from (the stalks of flax, etc.), by means of a ripple.

Anagrams

• Prilep, Rippel