different between fog vs befogged

English

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /f??/
• (US) IPA^(key): /f??/, /f??/
• Rhymes: -??

Etymology 1

Origin uncertain; but probably of North Germanic origin, from Danish fog (“spray, shower, drift, storm”), related to Icelandic fok (“spray, any light thing tossed by the wind, snowdrift”), Icelandic fjúka (“to blow, drive”), from Proto-Germanic *feukan? (“to whisk, blow”), from Proto-Indo-European *pug- (“billow, bulge, drift”), from *pew-, *pow- (“to blow, drift, billow”). Related to German fauchen (“to hiss, spit, spray”).

Noun

fog (countable and uncountable, plural fogs)

1. (uncountable) A thick cloud that forms near the ground; the obscurity of such a cloud.

   • Thus the red damask curtains which now shut out the fog-laden, drizzling atmosphere of the Marylebone Road, had cost a mere song, and yet they might have been warranted to last another thirty years. A great bargain also had been the excellent Axminster carpet which covered the floor; […].

   Synonyms: haze, mist

2. (uncountable) A mist or film clouding a surface.

   Synonym: steam

3. A state of mind characterized by lethargy and confusion.

   Synonyms: daze, haze

4. (photography) A silver deposit or other blur on a negative or developed photographic image.
5. (computer graphics) Distance fog.

Usage notes

• To count sense thick cloud, bank of fog is usually used.
• To count sense clouding a surface, foggy patch is usually used.

Derived terms

Translations

Verb

fog (third-person singular simple present fogs, present participle fogging, simple past and past participle fogged)

1. (intransitive) To become covered with or as if with fog.
2. (intransitive) To become obscured in condensation or water.

   Synonyms: become cloudy, become steamy

3. (intransitive, photography) To become dim or obscure.
4. (transitive, photography) To make dim or obscure.
5. (transitive, photography) To spoil (film) via exposure to light other than in the normal process of taking a photograph.
6. (transitive) To cover with or as if with fog.
   • 1968, Eighth Annual Report, Metropolitan Corporation of Greater Winnipeg, p 7:

     Fogging for adult mosquito control began on June 4th in residential areas. Until September 25th, the Metro area was fogged eleven times, using nine truck-mounted foggers, eight hand swing foggers, and two boats.

7. (transitive) To disperse insecticide into (a forest canopy) so as to collect organisms.
8. (transitive) To obscure in condensation or water.
9. (transitive) To make confusing or obscure.

   Synonyms: blur, cloud, obscure

10. To practice in a small or mean way; to pettifog.

    • Where wouldst thou fog to get a fee?

Translations

Etymology 2

Origin uncertain. Compare Scots fog (“moss; lichen”), Norwegian fogg.

Noun

fog (uncountable)

1. A new growth of grass appearing on a field that has been mowed or grazed.
2. (Britain, dialect) Tall and decaying grass left standing after the cutting or grazing season; foggage.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Halliwell to this entry?)

3. (Scotland) Moss.

Derived terms

Translations

Verb

fog (third-person singular simple present fogs, present participle fogging, simple past and past participle fogged)

1. (transitive) To pasture cattle on the fog, or aftergrass, of; to eat off the fog from.
2. (intransitive) To become covered with the kind of grass called fog.

References

• fog in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
• fog in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.

Anagrams

• GoF

Hungarian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?fo?]
• Hyphenation: fog
• Rhymes: -o?

Etymology 1

From Proto-Ugric *pu??- (“to grasp, to catch”). Cognates include Mansi ???? (puvi).

Verb

fog

2. (transitive) to hold (to keep in one's hands)
3. (transitive) to take (to get into one's hands)
4. (transitive) to catch, to capture (to seize by force, especially to grab or trap an animal)
5. (transitive, broadcasting) to receive (to detect a signal from a transmitter)
6. (transitive, by extension, slang) to listen to, to hear, to understand (to pay attention to someone)
7. (transitive, intransitive followed by rajta) to affect, to harm (to have an effect on, especially detrimentally)
8. (intransitive) to write (of a pen or other writing instrument, to leave a mark)
9. (intransitive) to transfer (of ink or dye, to leave a stain upon contact)
10. (transitive, ball games) to mark (to follow a player not in possession of the ball when defending)
11. (auxiliary, with an infinitive, only in indicative present) will, going to (used to form the future tense)
12. (reflexive, followed by és) to up and (to do something abruptly or unexpectedly)

Conjugation

Derived terms

(With verbal prefixes):

Etymology 2

From Proto-Uralic *pi?e (“tooth”). Cognates include Mansi ???? (pu?k), Finnish pii.

Noun

fog (plural fogak)

2. (anatomy) tooth

3. tooth, cog

4. tooth (a sharp projection on a saw or similar implement)

Declension

Derived terms

References

Further reading

• (verb) fog in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh: A magyar nyelv értelmez? szótára (’The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: ?ISBN
• (noun) fog in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh: A magyar nyelv értelmez? szótára (’The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: ?ISBN

Swedish

Noun

fog n (not commonly inflected)

1. Valid cause, valid reason.

2. (dated) Appropriate manner to proceed.

Derived terms

Noun

fog c

1. joint, seam

Declension

Derived terms

References

• fog in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

English

Adjective

befogged (comparative more befogged, superlative most befogged)

1. Obscured with fog or smoke; murky.
   • 1614, John Taylor, “Plutoes Proclamation concerning his Infernall pleasure for the Propagation of Tobacco” in The Nipping and Snipping of Abuses, London: Nathaniel Butter, ^[1]

     […] euery one a Furies shape assumes,

     Befog’d and clouded with my hel-hatch’d fumes.

   • 1892, Henry James, “Sir Dominick Ferrand” in The Real Thing and Other Tales, New York: Macmillan, 1893, p. 46,^[2]

     Peter Baron, as he sat in his corner while the train stopped, considered, in the befogged gaslight, the bookstall standard of literature and asked himself whose character had fallen to pieces now.

2. (nautical) Caught in fog.
   • 1635, Luke Foxe, North-west Fox, London: Thomas Fawcet, p. 171,^[3]

     […] this morning he was close aboard the N. Coast, it seemeth high ragged land and full of guts, he was becalmed and befogged, and stood S. wards into the channell […]

   • 1912, Theodore Goodridge Roberts, Blessington’s Folly, London: John Long, Chapter 20, p. 306,^[4]

     The fact is, he knew every rock, the set of every current at every season of the year, and in his younger days had often gone to the assistance of befogged vessels and piloted them safely into harbour or clear of the coast.

3. Confused, muddled.
   • 1607, Arthur Dent, The Plaine Mans Path-way to Heauen, London: Edward Bishop, p. 254,^[5]

     […] you speake you wot not what, you are altogether befogd and benighted in this question.

   • 1894, Ivan Dexter, Talmud: A Strange Narrative of Central Australia, published in serial form in Port Adelaide News and Lefevre's Peninsula Advertiser (SA), Chapter XXIX,^[6]

     If I could only get back to the inscription or the grotto I felt the rest would be easy to accomplish, but the more I rambled the more utterly befogged I got.

Translations

Verb

befogged

1. simple past tense and past participle of befog