different between extrovert vs independent

English

Alternative forms

• extravert (proper)

Etymology

A variant spelling (initially nonstandard) of extravert popularized in psychology by Phyllis Blanchard's 1918 "Psycho-Analytic Study of August Comte", equivalent to extro- +? vert.

Pronunciation 1

• (UK) IPA^(key): /??kst??v??t/
• (US) IPA^(key): /??kst???v??t/
• Rhymes: -??(?)t

Noun

extrovert (plural extroverts)

1. (informal psychology) An extroverted person: one who is outgoing, sociable, and concerned with outer affairs.
   • 1918 April, Phyllis Blanchard, "A Psycho-Analytic Study of August Comte", American Journal of Psychology, p. 163:

     In order to understand the marked contract between Comte's mental attitude during his early years and that of his later life, we must keep in mind Jung's hypothesis of the two psychological types, the introvert and extrovert,—the thinking type and the feeling type.

Usage notes

Technical papers in psychology overwhelmingly prefer extravert, the variant used by Carl Jung, although the spelling extrovert is more common in general use.

Antonyms

• introvert

Related terms

• ambivert
• extroverted
• extroversion

Translations

Adjective

extrovert (comparative more extrovert, superlative most extrovert)

1. (informal psychology) Alternative form of extroverted: outgoing.

Pronunciation 2

• (UK) IPA^(key): /?kst????v??t/
• (US) IPA^(key): /?kst?o??v??t/

Verb

extrovert (third-person singular simple present extroverts, present participle extroverting, simple past and past participle extroverted)

1. (transitive) To turn or thrust outwards.
   • 1671, John Webster, Metallographia, p. 197:

     The external and combustible Sulphur... is... protruded and extroverted.

References

• “extrovert, v.”, in OED Online ?, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, 1894
• “extrovert, n. (and adj.).”, in OED Online ?, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, 1933
• Scott Barry Kaufman, "The Difference between ExtrAversion and ExtrOversion", Beautiful Minds, Scientific American, Springer Nature America, 2015.

Czech

Noun

extrovert m

1. (psychology) extrovert

Antonyms

• introvert m

Derived terms

• extrovertní

Related terms

• See verš
• extroverze f

English

Etymology

From French indépendant

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?nd??p?nd?nt/
• Hyphenation: in?de?pend?ent

Adjective

independent (comparative more independent, superlative most independent)

1. Not dependent; not contingent or depending on something else; free.
2. (politics) Not affiliated with any political party.

   the independent candidate

3. Providing a comfortable livelihood.

   an independent property

4. Not subject to bias or influence; self-directing.

   a man of an independent mind

5. Separate from; exclusive; irrespective.
   • R. P. Ward

     That obligation in general, under which we conceive ourselves bound to obey a law, independent of those resources which the law provides for its own enforcement.

Synonyms

• autonomous
• free
• self-standing

Antonyms

• contingent
• dependent

Hyponyms

• language-independent
• order-independent
• redshift-independent
• system-dependent

Derived terms

Related terms

Translations

Noun

independent (plural independents)

1. A candidate or voter not affiliated with any political party, a freethinker, free of a party platform.
2. A neutral or uncommitted person.
3. (sports) A team not affiliated with any league or conference.

Translations

References

• independent at OneLook Dictionary Search
• independent in Keywords for Today: A 21st Century Vocabulary, edited by The Keywords Project, Colin MacCabe, Holly Yanacek, 2018.
• independent in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

Catalan

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -ent

Adjective

independent (masculine and feminine plural independents)

1. independent

   Antonym: dependent

Derived terms

Related terms

• independència

Further reading

• “independent” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “independent” in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana.
• “independent” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “independent” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Occitan

Pronunciation

Adjective

independent m (feminine singular independenta, masculine plural independents, feminine plural independentas)

1. independent

   Antonym: dependent

Derived terms

Related terms

• independéncia

Romanian

Etymology

From French indépendant

Adjective

independent m or n (feminine singular independent?, masculine plural independen?i, feminine and neuter plural independente)

1. independent, self-sufficient

Declension