different between extremity vs scrape

English

Etymology

From Middle English extremite, from Old French extremité, from Latin extr?mit?s (“extremity; border, perimeter; ending”), from extrem?s (“furthest, extreme”) + -it?s (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *-teh?ts (“suffix forming nouns indicating a state of being”); see extreme. Extrem?s is derived from exter (“external, outward”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h?e??s (“out”)) + -issimus (“suffix indicating a superlative”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *-is- (“suffix indicating a comparative”) + *-(t)m?mo- (“suffix indicating the absolutive case”)).

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) enPR: ?kstr?'m?t?, IPA^(key): /?k?st??m?ti/, /?k-/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /?k?st??m?ti/, /-?i/
• Hyphenation: ex?tre?mi?ty

Noun

extremity (countable and uncountable, plural extremities or extremitys) (obsolete)

1. The most extreme or furthest point of something. [from c. 1400]
2. An extreme measure.
3. A hand or foot. [from early 15th c.]
4. A limb (“major appendage of a human or animal such as an arm, leg, or wing”). [from early 15th c.]

Synonyms

• (furthest point): tip
• (major appendage of human or animal): appendage, limb

Derived terms

• extremital

Related terms

• extreme
• extremely
• extremeness
• extremism
• extremist

Translations

Further reading

• extremities on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• extremity in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
• extremity in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.

English

Etymology

From Middle English scrapen, from Old Norse skrapa (“to scrape, scratch”) and Old English scrapian (“to scrape, scratch”), both from Proto-Germanic *skrap?n?, *skrepan? (“to scrape, scratch”), from Proto-Indo-European *skreb- (“to engrave”). Cognate with Dutch schrapen (“to scrape”), schrappen (“to strike through; to cancel; to scrap”), schrabben (“to scratch”), German schrappen (“to scrape”), Danish skrabe (“to scrape”), Icelandic skrapa (“to scrape”), Walloon screper (“to scrape”), Latin scrib? (“dig with a pen, draw, write”).

Pronunciation

• enPR: skr?p, IPA^(key): /sk?e?p/
• Rhymes: -e?p

Verb

scrape (third-person singular simple present scrapes, present participle scraping, simple past and past participle scraped)

1. (transitive, intransitive) To draw (an object, especially a sharp or angular one), along (something) while exerting pressure.

2. (transitive) To remove (something) by drawing an object along in this manner.

3. (transitive) To injure or damage by rubbing across a surface.
4. (transitive) To barely manage to achieve.

5. (transitive) To collect or gather, especially without regard to the quality of what is chosen.

6. (computing) To extract data by automated means from a format not intended to be machine-readable, such as a screenshot or a formatted web page.
7. (intransitive) To occupy oneself with getting laboriously.
8. (transitive, intransitive) To play awkwardly and inharmoniously on a violin or similar instrument.
9. To draw back the right foot along the ground or floor when making a bow.
10. To express disapprobation of (a play, etc.) or to silence (a speaker) by drawing the feet back and forth upon the floor; usually with down.
    • 1841, Thomas Babington Macaulay, Warren Hastings

      All the various kinds of interest which 80 strongly against the accused , that his friends belong to the near and to the distant , to the were coughed and scraped down.

Synonyms

• (draw an object along while exerting pressure): grate, scratch, drag
• (injure by scraping): abrade, chafe, graze

Derived terms

Translations

Noun

scrape (countable and uncountable, plural scrapes)

1. A broad, shallow injury left by scraping (rather than a cut or a scratch).

2. A fight, especially a fistfight without weapons.

3. An awkward set of circumstances.
4. (Britain, slang) A D and C or abortion; or, a miscarriage.
   • 1972, in U.S. Senate Subcommittee to Investigate the Administration of the Internal Security Act and Other Internal Security Laws, Abuse of psychiatry for political repression in the Soviet Union. Hearing, Ninety-second Congress, second session, United States Government Printing Office, page 127,

     It’s quite possible, in view of the diagnosis ‘danger of miscarriage’, that they might drag me off, give me a scrape and then say that the miscarriage began itself.

   • 1980, John Cobb, Babyshock: A Mother’s First Five Years, Hutchinson, page 232,

     In expert hands abortion nowadays is almost the same as having a scrape (D & C) and due to improved techniques such as suction termination, and improved lighter anaesthetic, most women feel no worse than having a tooth out.

   • 1985, Beverley Raphael, The Anatomy of Bereavement: a handbook for the caring professions, Routledge, ?ISBN, page 236,

     The loss is significant to the woman and will be stated as such by her. For her it is not “nothing,” “just a scrape,” or “not a life.” It is the beginning of a baby. Years later, she may recall it not just as a miscarriage but also as a baby that was lost.

   • 1999, David Jenkins, Listening to Gynaecological Patients\ Problems, Springer, ?ISBN, page 16,

     17.Have you had a scrape or curettage recently?

5. A shallow depression used by ground birds as a nest; a nest scrape.
   • 1948, in Behaviour: An International Journal of Comparative Ethology, E. J. Brill, page 103,

     We knew from U. Weidmann’s work (1956) that Black-headed Gulls could be prevented from laying by offering them eggs on the empty scrape veil before […]

   • 2000, Charles A. Taylor, The Kingfisher Science Encyclopedia, Kingfisher Publications, ?ISBN, page 85,

     The plover lays its eggs in a scrape on the ground. ¶ […] ¶ Birds’ nests can be little more than a scrape in the ground or a delicate structure of plant material, mud, and saliva.

   • 2006, Les Beletsky, Birds of the World, Johns Hopkins University Press, ?ISBN, page 95,

     Turkey females place their eggs in a shallow scrape in a hidden spot on the ground. Young are born ready to leave the nest and feed themselves (eating insects for their first few weeks).

6. (military) A shallow pit dug as a hideout.
   • 2014, Harry Turtledove, Hitler's War

     In between rounds, he dug a scrape for himself with his entrenching tool.

7. (Britain, slang, obsolete) A shave.
   • 1945, Transactions of the Thoroton Society of Nottinghamshire (page 66)

     A'm goin to the barber's for a scrape.

8. (uncountable, Britain, slang, obsolete) Cheap butter.
9. (uncountable, Britain, slang, obsolete) Butter laid on bread in the thinnest possible manner, as though laid on and scraped off again.

Quotations

• 2001, Carolyn Cooke, The Bostons, Houghton Mifflin Books, ?ISBN, page 172–173,

  He could hear deer moo in the woods, smell their musk, spot a scrape in a birch tree twenty feet away.

• 2005, Dragan Vujic, Hunting Farm Country Whitetails, iUniverse, ?ISBN, page 58,

  Female whitetails periodically investigate scrapes created by specific bucks. As the doe approaches estrus and becomes receptive to breeding, she will urinate in a scrape as a sharp signal to the buck that she is ready for him.

Synonyms

• (injury): abrasion, graze
• (fight): altercation, brawl, fistfight, fight, fisticuffs, punch-up, scuffle
• (awkward set of circumstances): bind, fix, mess, pickle
• See also Thesaurus:injury

Derived terms

• bread and scrape

Translations

References

• (a shave; butter): 1873, John Camden Hotten, The Slang Dictionary

Anagrams

• CASREP, Casper, Pacers, Scaper, capers, crapes, e-scrap, escarp, pacers, parsec, recaps, scaper, secpar, spacer