different between extract vs chapter

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin extractum, neuter perfect passive participle of extrah?.

Pronunciation

• (noun): enPR: ?ks'tr?kt, IPA^(key): /??kst?ækt/
• (verb): enPR: ?kstr?kt', IPA^(key): /?ks?t?ækt/, IPA^(key): /?ks?t?ækt/
• Rhymes: -ækt

Noun

extract (plural extracts)

1. Something that is extracted or drawn out.
2. A portion of a book or document, incorporated distinctly in another work; a citation; a quotation.

   I used an extract of Hemingway's book to demonstrate culture shock.

3. A decoction, solution, or infusion made by drawing out from any substance that which gives it its essential and characteristic virtue

   extract of beef

   extract of dandelion

   vanilla extract

4. Any substance extracted is such a way, and characteristic of that from which it is obtained

   quinine is the most important extract of Peruvian bark.

5. A solid preparation obtained by evaporating a solution of a drug, etc., or the fresh juice of a plant (distinguished from an abstract).
6. (obsolete) A peculiar principle (fundamental essence) once erroneously supposed to form the basis of all vegetable extracts.
7. Ancestry; descent.
8. A draft or copy of writing; a certified copy of the proceedings in an action and the judgment therein, with an order for execution.

Synonyms

• (that which is extracted): extraction; See also Thesaurus:decrement
• (principle): extractive principle
• (ancestry, descent): origin, extraction

Derived terms

• yeast extract

Translations

See also

• tincture

Verb

extract (third-person singular simple present extracts, present participle extracting, simple past extracted, past participle extracted or (archaic) extraught)

1. (transitive) To draw out; to pull out; to remove forcibly from a fixed position, as by traction or suction, etc.

   to extract a tooth from its socket, a stump from the earth, or a splinter from the finger
2. (transitive) To withdraw by expression, distillation, or other mechanical or chemical process. Compare abstract (transitive verb).

   to extract an essential oil from a plant
3. (transitive) To take by selection; to choose out; to cite or quote, as a passage from a book.
   • 1724, Jonathan Swift, Drapier's Letters, 4

     I have thought it proper to extract out of that pamphlet a few of those notorious falsehoods.

4. (transitive) To select parts of a whole

   We need to try to extract the positives from the defeat.

5. (transitive, arithmetic) To determine (a root of a number).

Synonyms

• (to draw out): outdraw
• (to take by selection): sunder out

Translations

Dutch

Etymology

From Latin extractum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?k?tr?kt/
• Hyphenation: ex?tract
• Rhymes: -?kt

Noun

extract n (plural extracten)

1. extract, decoction

   Synonyms: aftreksel, uittreksel

Derived terms

• plantenextract
• thee-extract

Descendants

• ? Indonesian: ekstrak

Romanian

Etymology

From Latin extractus

Noun

extract n (plural extracte)

1. extract

Declension

English

Alternative forms

• chaptre (obsolete)

Etymology

From Middle English chapiter, from Old French chapitre, from Latin capitulum (“a chapter of a book, in Medieval Latin also a synod or council”), diminutive of caput (“a head”); see capital, capitulum, and chapiter, which are doublets of chapter.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?t??æpt?/
• (US) IPA^(key): /?t??æpt?/

Noun

chapter (plural chapters)

1. (authorship) One of the main sections into which the text of a book is divided.

   • At her invitation he outlined for her the succeeding chapters with terse military accuracy?; and what she liked best and best understood was avoidance of that false modesty which condescends, turning technicality into pabulum.

2. Certain ecclesiastical bodies (under canon law)
   1. An assembly of monks, or of the prebends and other clergymen connected with a cathedral, conventual, or collegiate church, or of a diocese, usually presided over by the dean.
   2. A community of canons or canonesses.
   3. A bishop's council.
3. A section of a social body.
   1. An administrative division of an organization, usually local to a specific area.
   2. An organized branch of some society or fraternity, such as the Freemasons.
      • 1862, The Freemasons' Monthly Magazine

        If the By-Law which admits honorary members is silent upon their rights, they may perhaps be determined by a consideration of which of these classes was intended by the Chapter in admitting them

4. A meeting of certain organized societies or orders.
5. A chapter house.

   1. (Can we find and add a quotation of Burrill to this entry?)

6. A sequence (of events), especially when presumed related and likely to continue.
   • 1866, Wilkie Collins, Armadale, Book the Last, Chapter I,

     "You know that Mr. Armadale is alive," pursued the doctor, "and you know that he is coming back to England. Why do you continue to wear your widow's dress?" ¶ She answered him without an instant's hesitation, steadily going on with her work. ¶ "Because I am of a sanguine disposition, like you. I mean to trust to the chapter of accidents to the very last. Mr. Armadale may die yet, on his way home."
7. A decretal epistle.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Ayliffe to this entry?)

8. (obsolete) A location or compartment.

Synonyms

• ch., chpt. (abbreviations)

Derived terms

Related terms

Translations

See also

• overarching

Further reading

• chapter in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• chapter in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

Verb

chapter (third-person singular simple present chapters, present participle chaptering, simple past and past participle chaptered)

1. To divide into chapters.
2. To put into a chapter.
3. (military, with "out") To use administrative procedure to remove someone.
4. (transitive) To take to task.

Anagrams

• carpeth, chaptre, patcher, pearcht, preacht, repatch