different between eutectic vs azeotrope

English

Etymology

From Ancient Greek ???????? (eút?ktos, “easily melted”), from ?? (eû, “well”) + ???? (t?k?, “to melt”). Coined as an adjective (along with the noun eutexia) by British scientist Frederick Guthrie in 1884.

Pronunciation

• (US) IPA^(key): /ju?t?k.t?k/
• Hyphenation: eu?tec?tic
• Rhymes: -?kt?k

Adjective

eutectic (not comparable)

1. Describing the chemical composition or temperature of a mixture of substances that gives the lowest temperature at which the mixture becomes fully molten. A further requirement is that that temperature is lower than the melting point of any of the pure component substances.
2. (chemistry) Describing the thermodynamic equilibrium conditions where a liquid coexists with two solid phases.

   For a mixture with two components at a fixed pressure, the eutectic reaction can only happen at a fixed chemical composition and temperature, called the eutectic point.

Derived terms

Translations

Noun

eutectic (plural eutectics)

1. A material that has the composition of a eutectic mixture or eutectic alloy
2. The temperature of the eutectic point

Usage notes

• Use with the indefinite article is mixed. The dominant usage seems to favour "a eutectic", although "an eutectic" can be found in some texts.

Translations

References

• The Oxford English Dictionary

Romanian

Etymology

From French eutectique

Adjective

eutectic m or n (feminine singular eutectic?, masculine plural eutectici, feminine and neuter plural eutectice)

1. eutectic

Declension

English

Etymology

From Ancient Greek ?- (a-, “no”) + ????? (zéein, “to boil”) + ?????? (trópos, “state”).

Noun

azeotrope (plural azeotropes)

1. (physics) A mixture of two or more substances whose liquid and gaseous forms have the same composition (at a certain pressure); the substances cannot be separated by normal distillation.
   • 1999, Fouad M. Khoury, Predicting the Performance of Multistage Separation Processes, 2nd Edition, page 289,

     The formation of azeotropes due to deviations from Raoult's law was discussed in Section 1.3. An azeotrope is a mixture that, at a given pressure (the azeotropic pressure), boils at a constant temperature (the azeotropic temperature), and has the same composition (the azeotropic composition) in the equilibrium vapor and liquid phases. Homogeneous azeotropes are those that form one liquid phase at equilibrium with the vapor; heterogeneous azeotropes are those that form two liquid phases at equilibrium with each other and the vapor.

   • The presence of a unitary azeotrope curve is not a prerequisite for the generation of a ternary azeotrope.

   • 2006, Marc Pansu, Jacques Gautheyrou, Handbook of Soil Analysis: Mineralogical, Organic and Inorganic Methods, page 903,

     As the boiling point of HCl–H₂O azeotrope is lower than that of azeotrope (HNO₃–H₂O), hydrochloric acid can be eliminated efficiently by successive evaporations with nitric acid.

Related terms

• azeotropic
• azeotropy
• zeotrope

Translations

See also

• eutectic
• extractive distillation
• salt-effect distillation

German

Pronunciation

Adjective

azeotrope

1. inflection of azeotrop:
   1. strong/mixed nominative/accusative feminine singular
   2. strong nominative/accusative plural
   3. weak nominative all-gender singular
   4. weak accusative feminine/neuter singular