different between entropy vs change

English

Etymology

First attested in 1867, as the translation of German Entropie, coined in 1865 by Rudolph Clausius in analogy to Energie (“energy”), replacing the root of Ancient Greek ????? (érgon, “work”) by Ancient Greek ????? (trop?, “transformation”)).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??nt??pi/

Noun

entropy (countable and uncountable, plural entropies)

1. A measure of the disorder present in a system.

   Ludwig Boltzmann defined entropy as being directly proportional to the natural logarithm of the number of microstates yielding an equivalent thermodynamic macrostate (with the eponymous constant of proportionality). Assuming (by the fundamental postulate of statistical mechanics), that all microstates are equally probable, this means, on the one hand, that macrostates with higher entropy are more probable, and on the other hand, that for such macrostates, the quantity of information required to describe a particular one of its microstates will be higher. That is, the Shannon entropy of a macrostate would be directly proportional to the logarithm of the number of equivalent microstates (making it up). In other words, thermodynamic and informational entropies are rather compatible, which shouldn't be surprising since Claude Shannon derived the notation 'H' for information entropy from Boltzmann's H-theorem.

2. (thermodynamics, countable) strictly thermodynamic entropy. A measure of the amount of energy in a physical system that cannot be used to do work.

   The thermodynamic free energy is the amount of work that a thermodynamic system can perform; it is the internal energy of a system minus the amount of energy that cannot be used to perform work. That unusable energy is given by the entropy of a system multiplied by the temperature of the system.^[1] (Note that, for both Gibbs and Helmholtz free energies, temperature is assumed to be fixed, so entropy is effectively directly proportional to useless energy.)

3. The capacity factor for thermal energy that is hidden with respect to temperature [2].
4. The dispersal of energy; how much energy is spread out in a process, or how widely spread out it becomes, at a specific temperature. [3]
5. (statistics, information theory, countable) A measure of the amount of information and noise present in a signal.
6. (uncountable) The tendency of a system that is left to itself to descend into chaos.

Synonyms

• anergy
• bound entropy
• disgregation

Antonyms

• aggregation
• exergy
• free entropy
• negentropy

Derived terms

See also

• chaos

Translations

Further reading

• entropy in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• entropy in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
• entropy at OneLook Dictionary Search

Anagrams

• Poynter, peryton

English

Etymology

From Middle English changen, chaungen, from Old French changier, from Late Latin cambi?re, from Latin camb?re, present active infinitive of cambi? (“exchange, barter”), from Gaulish cambion, *kambyom (“change”), from Proto-Celtic *kambos (“twisted, crooked”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)?ambos, *(s)kambos (“crooked”).

Cognate with Italian cambiare, Portuguese cambiar, Romanian schimba, Spanish cambiar. Used in English since the 13th century. Displaced native Middle English wenden, from Old English wendan (“to turn, change”) (whence English wend).

The noun is from Middle English change, chaunge, from Old French change, from the verb changier. See also exchange. Possibly related from the same source is Old English gombe.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation, General American) enPR: ch?nj, IPA^(key): /t?e?nd?/
• Rhymes: -e?nd?

Verb

change (third-person singular simple present changes, present participle changing, simple past and past participle changed)

1. (intransitive) To become something different.

2. (transitive, ergative) To make something into something else.

3. (transitive) To replace.

4. (intransitive) To replace one's clothing.

5. (transitive) To replace the clothing of (the one wearing it).

6. (intransitive) To transfer to another vehicle (train, bus, etc.)
7. (archaic) To exchange.
   • 1610, The Tempest, by William Shakespeare, act 1 scene 2

     At the first sight / they have changed eyes. (exchanged looks)

   • 1662 Thomas Salusbury, Galileo's Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems (Dialogue 2):

     I would give any thing to change a word or two with this person.

8. (transitive) To change hand while riding (a horse).

   to change a horse

Synonyms

• (to make something different): alter, modify, make another
• (to make something into something different): transform

Derived terms

Related terms

• exchange

Translations

Noun

change (countable and uncountable, plural changes)

1. (countable, uncountable) The process of becoming different.

2. (uncountable) Small denominations of money given in exchange for a larger denomination.

3. (countable) A replacement.
5. (uncountable) Balance of money returned from the sum paid after deducting the price of a purchase.

6. (uncountable) Usually coins (as opposed to paper money), but sometimes inclusive of paper money

7. (countable) A transfer between vehicles.
8. (baseball) A change-up pitch.
9. (campanology) Any order in which a number of bells are struck, other than that of the diatonic scale.
   • 1669, William Holder, Elements of Speech

     Four bells admit twenty-four changes in ringing.

10. (dated) A place where merchants and others meet to transact business; an exchange.
11. (Scotland, dated) A public house; an alehouse.
    • 1727-1728, Edward Burt, Letters from a Gentleman in the North of Scotland to his Friend in London

      They call an alehouse a change.

Usage notes

• Adjectives often applied to "change": big, small, major, minor, dramatic, drastic, rapid, slow, gradual, radical, evolutionary, revolutionary, abrupt, sudden, unexpected, incremental, social, economic, organizational, technological, personal, cultural, political, technical, environmental, institutional, educational, genetic, physical, chemical, industrial, geological, global, local, good, bad, positive, negative, significant, important, structural, strategic, tactical.

Synonyms

• (the process of becoming different): transition, transformation

Related terms

• (transfer): interchange
• exact change

Derived terms

Translations

See also

• modification
• mutation
• evolution
• reorganization

References

• John A. Simpson and Edward S. C. Weiner, editors (1989) , “change”, in The Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Clarendon Press, ?ISBN

French

Etymology

Deverbal from changer (corresponding to Old French change). Compare Medieval and Late Latin cambium.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /????/

Noun

change m (plural changes)

1. exchange

Derived terms

• bureau de change
• gagner au change
• lettre de change

Verb

change

1. first-person singular present indicative of changer
2. third-person singular present indicative of changer
3. first-person singular present subjunctive of changer
4. third-person singular present subjunctive of changer
5. second-person singular imperative of changer

Related terms

• changer
• changeur

Further reading

• “change” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Norman

Alternative forms

• chànge (Guernsey)

Etymology

Borrowed from French change and English change.

Noun

change m (plural changes)

1. (Jersey) change
2. (Jersey, money) exchange rate

Old French

Alternative forms

• cange (Anglo-Norman)

Etymology

Deverbal of changier.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?t??an.d???/

Noun

change m (oblique plural changes, nominative singular changes, nominative plural change)

1. change (difference between one state and another)
2. exchange

Descendants

• ? Middle English: change
  • English: change
• French: change