different between enmity vs fremd

English

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Old French enemisté, ennemistié, from Late Latin, Vulgar Latin *inim?cit?s, *inim?cit?tem, from Latin inim?cus (“enemy”); cognates: French inimitié, Portuguese inimizade, Spanish enemistad.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /??n.m?.t?/
• (US) IPA^(key): /??n.m?.ti?/

Noun

enmity (countable and uncountable, plural enmities)

1. The quality of being an enemy; hostile or unfriendly disposition.
   • 2005, Plato, Sophist. Translation by Lesley Brown. 242e.

     Some later Muses from Ionia and Sicily reckoned it safest to weave together both versions and say that that which is is both many and one, held together by both enmity and amity.

2. A state or feeling of opposition, hostility, hatred or animosity.

   • I merely repeat, remember always your duty of enmity towards Man and all his ways.

Quotations

Synonyms

Antonyms

• amity

Translations

References

• enmity in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
• enmity in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• Notes:

English

Alternative forms

• frem, frim, fren

Etymology

From Middle English fremde, fremede (“strange, foreign”), from Old English fremde, fremede, fremeþe (“foreign, strange”), from Proto-Germanic *framaþiz (“foreign, not one's own”), from Proto-Indo-European *per?m-, *prom- (“forth, forward”), from *por- (“forward, through”). Cognate with Scots fremmit, frempt (“fremd”), West Frisian frjemd (“strange, fremd”), Dutch vreemd (“strange, foreign”), German fremd (“fremd, strange, foreign”), Swedish främmande (“foreign, outlandish, strange”). More at from.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation, General American) enPR: fr?md, IPA^(key): /f??md/

Adjective

fremd (comparative fremder or more fremd, superlative fremdest or most fremd)

1. (rare, chiefly dialectal) Strange, unusual, out of the ordinary; unfamiliar.
   • 1892, Haldane Burgess, Rasmie's Büddie, 43:

     Pits it i' da fremd-man's hert.

2. (rare, chiefly dialectal) Not kin, unrelated; foreign.
   • 1851, Mrs. Oliphant (Margaret), Passages in the life of Mrs. Margaret Maitland of Sunnyside:

     [...] seeing that they were fremd in heart, if they were kin in blood.

   • 1868, Legh Knight, Tonic Bitters: A Novel, page 181:

     The doctor went up to the bed, and said, firmly, " Miss Garnock, you must not keep Mr. Yonge any longer." "Who'll he be that comes meddling between me and my Tar?" shrieked the patient. "Mither, bid yon fremd body gang his ways. I'll no be fashed wi' him the day."

   • 1873, Blackwood's Edinburgh magazine:

     [...] and if I'm to be no more hereafter to them that belong to me, than to legions of strange angels, or a whole nation of fremd folk!

   • 1873, Heathergate, Heathergate, page 66:

     There's room for everybody in the world, I suppose, and something for everybody to do, and it behoves them that have few kin to make the more friends of fremd folk.

   • 1875, John Howard Nodal, George Milner, A glossary of the Lancashire dialect:

     Thus, a person living with a family to whom he is not related is termed "a fremd body." If it were asked, "Is he akin to you?" the answer would be, "Nawe, he's fremd," i.e. "he's one of us, but not a relation."

3. (obsolete) Wild; untamed.

Derived terms

• fremdling
• fremedly
• fremsome

Noun

fremd (plural fremds)

1. (rare or dialectal) A stranger; someone who is not a relative; a guest.
2. (archaic or obsolete) An enmity.

References

• 1906, The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia, "fremd".
• 1883, The Imperial Dictionary of the English Language, "fremde, fremed".

German

Etymology

From Middle High German vremde, vremede, from Old High German fremidi, from Proto-Germanic *framaþiz. Cognate with English fremd, Dutch vreemd.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /f??mt/

Adjective

fremd (comparative fremder, superlative am fremdesten)

1. strange
2. foreign
   • 2010, Der Spiegel, issue 28/2010, page 93:

3. external

Declension

Derived terms

Further reading

• “fremd” in Duden online
• “fremd” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

Middle English

Adjective

fremd

1. Alternative form of fremde

Scots

Adjective

fremd

1. Alternative form of fremmit