different between guest vs fremd

English

Etymology

From Middle English gest, from Old Norse gestr, which replaced or was merged with Old English ?iest, both from Proto-Germanic *gastiz, from Proto-Indo-European *g?óstis (“stranger, guest, host, someone with whom one has reciprocal duties of hospitality”). Cognate with German Gast (“guest”). Doublet of host, from Latin.

Pronunciation

• enPR: g?st, IPA^(key): /??st/
• Rhymes: -?st
• Homophone: guessed

Noun

guest (plural guests)

1. A recipient of hospitality, especially someone staying by invitation at the house of another.
2. A patron or customer in a hotel etc.

3. An invited visitor or performer to an institution or to a broadcast.

4. (computing) A user given temporary access to a system despite not having an account of their own.
5. (zoology) Any insect that lives in the nest of another without compulsion and usually not as a parasite.
6. (zoology) An inquiline.

Translations

Verb

guest (third-person singular simple present guests, present participle guesting, simple past and past participle guested)

1. (intransitive) to appear as a guest, especially on a broadcast
2. (intransitive) as a musician, to play as a guest, providing an instrument that a band/orchestra does not normally have in its line up (for instance, percussion in a string band)
3. (transitive, obsolete) To receive or entertain hospitably.
   • 1608, Josuah Sylvester, Du Bartas his divine weekes and workes

     Two Angels sent Two Heav'nly Scowts the Lord to Sodom sent ; downe , received and guested

Translations

Derived terms

Anagrams

• tegus

English

Alternative forms

• frem, frim, fren

Etymology

From Middle English fremde, fremede (“strange, foreign”), from Old English fremde, fremede, fremeþe (“foreign, strange”), from Proto-Germanic *framaþiz (“foreign, not one's own”), from Proto-Indo-European *per?m-, *prom- (“forth, forward”), from *por- (“forward, through”). Cognate with Scots fremmit, frempt (“fremd”), West Frisian frjemd (“strange, fremd”), Dutch vreemd (“strange, foreign”), German fremd (“fremd, strange, foreign”), Swedish främmande (“foreign, outlandish, strange”). More at from.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation, General American) enPR: fr?md, IPA^(key): /f??md/

Adjective

fremd (comparative fremder or more fremd, superlative fremdest or most fremd)

1. (rare, chiefly dialectal) Strange, unusual, out of the ordinary; unfamiliar.
   • 1892, Haldane Burgess, Rasmie's Büddie, 43:

     Pits it i' da fremd-man's hert.

2. (rare, chiefly dialectal) Not kin, unrelated; foreign.
   • 1851, Mrs. Oliphant (Margaret), Passages in the life of Mrs. Margaret Maitland of Sunnyside:

     [...] seeing that they were fremd in heart, if they were kin in blood.

   • 1868, Legh Knight, Tonic Bitters: A Novel, page 181:

     The doctor went up to the bed, and said, firmly, " Miss Garnock, you must not keep Mr. Yonge any longer." "Who'll he be that comes meddling between me and my Tar?" shrieked the patient. "Mither, bid yon fremd body gang his ways. I'll no be fashed wi' him the day."

   • 1873, Blackwood's Edinburgh magazine:

     [...] and if I'm to be no more hereafter to them that belong to me, than to legions of strange angels, or a whole nation of fremd folk!

   • 1873, Heathergate, Heathergate, page 66:

     There's room for everybody in the world, I suppose, and something for everybody to do, and it behoves them that have few kin to make the more friends of fremd folk.

   • 1875, John Howard Nodal, George Milner, A glossary of the Lancashire dialect:

     Thus, a person living with a family to whom he is not related is termed "a fremd body." If it were asked, "Is he akin to you?" the answer would be, "Nawe, he's fremd," i.e. "he's one of us, but not a relation."

3. (obsolete) Wild; untamed.

Derived terms

• fremdling
• fremedly
• fremsome

Noun

fremd (plural fremds)

1. (rare or dialectal) A stranger; someone who is not a relative; a guest.
2. (archaic or obsolete) An enmity.

References

• 1906, The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia, "fremd".
• 1883, The Imperial Dictionary of the English Language, "fremde, fremed".

German

Etymology

From Middle High German vremde, vremede, from Old High German fremidi, from Proto-Germanic *framaþiz. Cognate with English fremd, Dutch vreemd.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /f??mt/

Adjective

fremd (comparative fremder, superlative am fremdesten)

1. strange
2. foreign
   • 2010, Der Spiegel, issue 28/2010, page 93:

3. external

Declension

Derived terms

Further reading

• “fremd” in Duden online
• “fremd” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

Middle English

Adjective

fremd

1. Alternative form of fremde

Scots

Adjective

fremd

1. Alternative form of fremmit