different between drug vs muffle
drug
English
Pronunciation
- (UK, US) IPA(key): /d???/, [d????????]
- Rhymes: -??
Etymology 1
From Middle English drogge (“medicine”), from Middle French drogue (“cure, pharmaceutical product”), from Old French drogue, drocque (“tincture, pharmaceutical product”), from Middle Dutch or Middle Low German droge, as in droge vate (“dry vats, dry barrels”), mistaking droge for the contents, which were usually dried herbs, plants or wares. Droge comes from Middle Dutch dr?ghe (“dry”), from Old Dutch dr?gi (“dry”), from Proto-Germanic *draugiz (“dry, hard”). Cognate with English dry, Dutch droog (“dry”), German trocken (“dry”).
Noun
drug (plural drugs)
- (pharmacology) A substance used to treat an illness, relieve a symptom, or modify a chemical process in the body for a specific purpose.
- Synonyms: see Thesaurus:pharmaceutical
- A psychoactive substance, especially one which is illegal and addictive, ingested for recreational use, such as cocaine.
- Synonyms: see Thesaurus:recreational drug
- 1971, Hunter S. Thompson, Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas, Harper Perennial 2005 edition, page 3:
- We were somewhere around Barstow on the edge of the desert when the drugs began to take hold.
- March 1991, unknown student, "Antihero opinion", SPIN, page 70
- You have a twelve-year-old kid being told from the time he's like five years old that all drugs are bad, they're going to screw you up, don't try them. Just say no. Then they try pot.
- 2005, Thomas Brent Andrews, The Pot Plan: Louie B. Stumblin and the War on Drugs, Chronic Discontent Books, ?ISBN, page 19
- The only thing working against the poor Drug Abuse Resistance Officer is high-school students. ... He'd offer his simple lesson: Drugs are bad, people who use drugs are bad, and abstinence is the only answer.
- Anything, such as a substance, emotion, or action, to which one is addicted.
- 2005, Jack Haas, Om, Baby!: a Pilgrimage to the Eternal Self, page 8
- Inspiration is my drug. Such things as spirituality, booze, travel, psychedelics, contemplation, music, dance, laughter, wilderness, and ribaldry — these have simply been the different forms of the drug of inspiration for which I have had great need […]
- 2010, Kesha Rose Sebert (Ke$ha), with Pebe Sebert and Joshua Coleman (Ammo), Your Love is My Drug
- 2005, Jack Haas, Om, Baby!: a Pilgrimage to the Eternal Self, page 8
- Any commodity that lies on hand, or is not salable; an article of slow sale, or in no demand.
- 1685, John Dryden, Albion and Albanius
- And virtue shall a drug become.
- 1742, Henry Fielding, Joseph Andrews
- But sermons are mere drugs.
- 1685, John Dryden, Albion and Albanius
- (Canada, US, informal) Short for drugstore.
- 1980, Stephen King, The Mist
- “I’ll go this far,” I answered him. “We’ll try going over to the drug. You, me, Ollie if he wants to go, one or two others. Then we’ll talk it over again.”
- 1980, Stephen King, The Mist
Usage notes
- Adjectives often used with "drug": dangerous, illicit, illegal, psychoactive, generic, hard, veterinary, recreational
Derived terms
Translations
Verb
drug (third-person singular simple present drugs, present participle drugging, simple past and past participle drugged)
- (transitive) To administer intoxicating drugs to, generally without the recipient's knowledge or consent.
- (transitive) To add intoxicating drugs to with the intention of drugging someone.
- (intransitive) To prescribe or administer drugs or medicines.
- 1610, Ben Jonson, The Alchemist
- Past all the doses of your drugging doctors
- 1610, Ben Jonson, The Alchemist
Translations
Etymology 2
Germanic ablaut formation. If old, a doublet of drew, from Proto-Germanic *dr?g; compare Dutch droeg, German trug, Swedish drog. If secondary, probably formed by analogy with hang.
Verb
drug
- (dialect) simple past tense and past participle of drag
- You look like someone drug you behind a horse for half a mile.
- 1961 Kurt Vonnegut, Harrison Bergeron
- […] their faces were masked, so that no one, seeing a free and graceful gesture or a pretty face, would feel like something the cat drug in.
Usage notes
- Random House says that drug is "nonstandard" as the past tense of drag. Merriam-Webster once ruled that drug in this construction was "illiterate" but have since upgraded it to "dialect". The lexicographers of New World, American Heritage, and Oxford make no mention of this sense.
Etymology 3
Noun
drug (plural drugs)
- (obsolete) A drudge.
Romanian
Etymology
From Serbo-Croatian drug.
Noun
drug m (plural drugi)
- pole, stick
Serbo-Croatian
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *drug?, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *draugás, from Proto-Indo-European *d?rewg?-.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /drû??/
Noun
dr?g m (Cyrillic spelling ?????)
- (Bosnia, Serbia, Montenegro) friend
- (dated) comrade (commonly used in parts of Former Yugoslavia among coworkers or friends)
Declension
Synonyms
- prijatelj
- drugar
- frend (slang, Croatia)
Derived terms
Related terms
- drugàrica
- drúga
- drùžica
Slovene
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /drú?k/
Adjective
dr?g (not comparable)
- other, another, different
Inflection
See also
- drúgi
Further reading
- “drug”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
Westrobothnian
Alternative forms
- dru
- dröuw
- dryg
Etymology
From Old Norse drjúgr, from Proto-Germanic *dreugaz.
Adjective
drug (comparative drugänä, superlative drugest)
- lasting
- haughty
Related terms
- dryj
- drögt
- drögnä
drug From the web:
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muffle
English
Etymology
From Middle English muflen (“to muffle”), aphetic alteration of Anglo-Norman amoufler, from Old French enmoufler (“to wrap up, muffle”), from moufle (“mitten”), from Medieval Latin muffula (“a muff”), of Germanic origin (—first recorded in the Capitulary of Aachen in 817 C.E.), from Frankish *muffël (“a muff, wrap, envelope”) from *mauwa (“sleeve, wrap”) (from Proto-Germanic *maww? (“sleeve”)) + *vël (“skin, hide”) (from Proto-Germanic *fell? (“skin, film, fleece”). Alternate etymology traces the Medieval Latin word to Frankish *molfell (“soft garment made of hide”) from *mol (“softened, forworn”) (akin to Old High German molaw?n (“to soften”), Middle High German molwic (“soft”), English mulch) + *fell (“hide, skin”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /m?fl?/
- Rhymes: -?f?l
Noun
muffle (plural muffles)
- Anything that mutes or deadens sound.
- A warm piece of clothing for the hands.
- (slang, archaic) A boxing glove.
- A kiln or furnace, often electric, with no direct flames (a muffle furnace)
- The bare end of the nose between the nostrils, especially in ruminants.
- A machine with two pulleys to hoist load by spinning wheels, polyspast, block and tackle.
Translations
Verb
muffle (third-person singular simple present muffles, present participle muffling, simple past and past participle muffled)
- (transitive) To wrap (a person, face etc.) in fabric or another covering, for warmth or protection; often with up.
- The face lies muffled up within the garment.
- He muffled with a cloud his mournful eyes.
- 1712, John Arbuthnot, The History of John Bull
- muffled up in darkness and superstition
- (transitive) To wrap up or cover (a source of noise) in order to deaden the sound.
- to muffle the strings of a drum, or that part of an oar which rests in the rowlock
- (transitive) To mute or deaden (a sound etc.).
- 1999, George RR Martin, A Clash of Kings, Bantam 2011, p. 397:
- The singer's voice was muffled by the thick walls, yet Tyrion knew the verse.
- 1999, George RR Martin, A Clash of Kings, Bantam 2011, p. 397:
- (intransitive, dated) To speak indistinctly, or without clear articulation.
- (transitive, dated) To prevent seeing, or hearing, or speaking, by wraps bound about the head; to blindfold; to deafen.
Translations
muffle From the web:
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- what muffler is the loudest
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- what muffler does
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