different between des vs les

English

Noun

des

1. (medicine, colloquial) Desflurane.

Anagrams

• DSE, EDS, EDs, ESD, Esd., SDE, SED, eds, eds., sed

Catalan

Etymology 1

Contraction of de es

Contraction

des

1. Contraction of de and es.

Derived terms

• des de

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the main entry.

Verb

des (obsolete)

1. first-person singular imperfect subjunctive form of dar
2. third-person singular imperfect subjunctive form of dar

Cimbrian

Pronoun

des (Sette Comuni)

1. nominative/accusative singular neuter of dèar

See also

Determiner

des

1. (Sette Comuni) this, that

References

• “des” in Martalar, Umberto Martello; Bellotto, Alfonso (1974) Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo

Danish

Conjunction

des

1. the

Synonyms

• jo, desto

Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /d?s/, (historic) /d?s/
• Hyphenation: des

Article

des

1. (archaic) genitive singular masculine/neuter of de (“the”)

Usage notes

• Note that normally only the nominative is used. The other forms are archaic, but survive in numerous idiomatic expressions such as des huizes, des morgens (itself archaic and shortened, like similar expressions, to 's morgens in contemporary Dutch).
• The current pronunciation is a spelling pronunciation. Before the word became archaic, it was pronounced with a schwa, /d?s/.

Inflection

Synonyms

• 's

Conjunction

des

1. the ... the (used as an intensifier to indicate the degree of an action)

East Central German

Etymology

Cognate to German des.

Article

des

1. (Silesian, Gebirgsschlesisch, Breslauisch, genitive) of the

Esperanto

Etymology

From German desto.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /des/
• Hyphenation: des
• Audio:

Particle

des

1. the; used with ju and either pli (“more”) or malpli (“less”) to form the second half of a coordinated comparative.
   • 1903, Ben Elmy, “La Lingvo de la floroj”, in The Esperantist: The Esperanto Gazette for the Spreading of the International Language, page 138,

See also

• ju

Fiji Hindi

Etymology

Hindi ??? (de?).

Noun

des

1. country

Finnish

Etymology

From German Des (German key notation).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?des/, [?de?s?]
• Rhymes: -es
• Syllabification: des

Noun

des

1. (music) D-flat

Usage notes

Capitalized for the great octave or any octave below that, or in names of major keys; not capitalized for the small octave or any octave above that, or in names of minor keys.

Declension

French

Etymology

The use as an article is a special case of the contraction.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /de/

Article

des m pl or f pl

1. plural of un; some; the plural indefinite article.
2. plural of une; some; the plural indefinite article.
3. plural of du; some; the plural partitive article.
4. plural of de la; some; the plural partitive article.
5. plural of de l'; some; the plural partitive article.

Derived terms

• et des

Contraction

des

1. Contraction of de + les (of the, from the, some).

Further reading

• “des” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Galician

Etymology

From Latin d? + ex.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /des/

Preposition

des

1. since
2. from (a location)

Derived terms

• des que
• desde

References

• “des” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006-2012.
• “des” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006-2013.

German

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /d?s/ (generally)
• IPA^(key): /d?s/ (when stressed, which is rare)

Alternative forms

• -'s

Article

des

1. genitive masculine/neuter singular of der: the

Declension

Guinea-Bissau Creole

Etymology

From Portuguese dez. Cognate with Kabuverdianu dés.

Numeral

des

1. ten (10)

Latin

Verb

d?s

1. second-person singular present active subjunctive of d?

Middle Dutch

Article

des

1. masculine/neuter genitive singular of die

Middle English

Etymology 1

Noun

des

1. Alternative form of deis (“dais”)

Etymology 2

Noun

des

1. plural of de (“die”)

Noun

des

1. Alternative form of dees (“die”)

Old Portuguese

Etymology

From Latin d? (“of”) + ex (“out of”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /des?/

Preposition

des

1. since (from a time)

   • q? mui de coraçon ?enpre a amou des men?nez

     who loved her very heartily since childhood

Descendants

• Galician: des

From des + de:

• Fala: desde
• Galician: desde
• Portuguese: desde

Piedmontese

Etymology

From Latin decem, from Proto-Italic *dekem. Cognates include Italian diece and French dix.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /des/

Numeral

des

1. ten

Romanian

Etymology

Inherited from Latin d?nsus (“dense; frequent”), from Proto-Indo-European *dens- (“thick, dense”). Doublet of dens, a borrowing.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /des/

Adjective

des m or n (feminine singular deas?, masculine plural de?i, feminine and neuter plural dese)

1. frequent, often
2. abundant, copious
3. dense, thick

Declension

Antonyms

• (frequent): rar

Derived terms

• desi?

Related terms

• îndesa

See also

• dens

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?des/, [?d?es]

Etymology 1

Noun

des

1. plural of de

Etymology 2

Verb

des

1. Informal second-person singular (tú) present subjunctive form of dar.
2. Informal second-person singular (tú) negative imperative form of dar.

Tok Pisin

Etymology

From English desk.

Noun

des

1. desk

Welsh

Alternative forms

• deles (colloquial)
• deses (colloquial)
• dethes (colloquial)
• deuthum (literary)
• dois (colloquial)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /de?s/

Verb

des

1. (colloquial) first-person singular preterite of dod

Mutation

Zazaki

Numeral

des ?

1. ten

English

Alternative forms

• lez

Pronunciation

• (UK, US), IPA^(key): /l?z/
• Rhymes: -?z

Noun

les (plural leses)

1. (slang, colloquial) Clipping of lesbian.

Adjective

les (comparative more les, superlative most les)

1. (slang, colloquial) Clipping of lesbian.

Anagrams

• ELs, ESL, LSE, SLE, els

Afrikaans

Etymology

From Dutch les (“lesson”), from Middle Dutch lesse, from Latin l?cti?.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /l?s/

Noun

les (plural lesse, diminutive lesje)

1. lesson

Aragonese

Etymology

From Latin ille (“that one”).

Pronoun

les

1. them (indirect object)

Synonyms

• lis

Asturian

Etymology

From Latin illas.

Article

les f pl (masculine sg el, feminine sg la, neuter sg lo, masculine plural los)

1. (definite) the

Catalan

Etymology 1

From Latin ill?s, from ille.

Pronunciation

• (Balearic, Central) IPA^(key): /l?s/
• (Valencian) IPA^(key): /les/
• Rhymes: -es

Article

les f pl (masculine plural els, masculine singular el, feminine singular la)

1. the; feminine plural definite article

Pronoun

les (enclitic and proclitic)

1. them (feminine, direct object)

Declension

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Latin laesus.

Pronunciation

• (Balearic) IPA^(key): /?l?s/
• (Central) IPA^(key): /?l?s/
• (Valencian) IPA^(key): /?les/

Adjective

les (feminine lesa, masculine plural lesos, feminine plural leses)

1. (law) harmed

Derived terms

• crim de lesa humanitat

Related terms

• il·lès

Further reading

• “les” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

Czech

Etymology

From Old Czech les, from Proto-Slavic *l?s?.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?l?s]
• Hyphenation: les
• Rhymes: -?s
• Homophone: lez

Noun

les m inan

1. forest

Declension

Synonyms

• hvozd

Related terms

• lesní
• lesník
• jak se do lesa volá, tak se z lesa ozývá

Further reading

• les in P?íru?ní slovník jazyka ?eského, 1935–1957
• les in Slovník spisovného jazyka ?eského, 1960–1971, 1989

Danish

Noun

les c

1. indefinite genitive singular of le

Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /l?s/
• Rhymes: -?s

Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch lesse, from Latin l?cti?.

Noun

les f (plural lessen, diminutive lesje n)

1. course, lesson

Derived terms

• gymles
• gymnastiekles
• lesgeven
• lesplan
• lesrooster
• lessen
• paardrijles
• rijles
• zangles
• zwemles

Descendants

• Afrikaans: les
• ? Indonesian: les

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the main entry.

Verb

les

1. first-person singular present indicative of lessen
2. imperative of lessen

Anagrams

• els

French

Etymology

From Middle French les, from Old French les, from Latin ill?s m and ill?s f which are the accusative plurals of ille.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /le/
• Homophones: lé, lés

Article

les

1. plural of le: the
2. plural of la: the

Usage notes

• de les is never used: contracted into des.
• à les is never used: contracted into aux.

Pronoun

les ?

1. plural of le: them
2. plural of la: them

Related terms

References

Further reading

• “les” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Anagrams

• sel

Galician

Verb

les

1. second-person singular present indicative of ler

German

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /le?s/

Verb

les

1. (colloquial) first-person singular present of lesen
2. (colloquial) singular imperative of lesen

Hungarian

Etymology

From Proto-Ugric *lä?? (“hiding place; lurk”). Cognates include Southern Mansi [script needed] (l?š-), Northern Mansi [script needed] (l??-).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?l??]
• Rhymes: -??

Noun

les (plural lesek)

2. cover, hideaway, ambush (the place where one is concealed, in wait to attack by surprise, or the act of concealing oneself there)

   Synonyms: lesállás, leshely

   Hypernyms: búvóhely, rejtekhely, (hiding place in general) rejtek

3. (hunting) hide, blind
4. (soccer) offside

   Synonyms: lesállás, leshelyzet

Declension

Verb

les

2. (transitive) to spy, peep, peek
3. (transitive) to stare, goggle, eye
4. (transitive) to cheat at a test by looking at someone else's work

Conjugation

Derived terms

(With verbal prefixes):

References

Further reading

• (ambush): les in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh: A magyar nyelv értelmez? szótára (’The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: ?ISBN
• (to spy): les in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh: A magyar nyelv értelmez? szótára (’The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: ?ISBN

Icelandic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /l??s/
• Rhymes: -??s

Noun

les n (genitive singular less, nominative plural les)

1. (linguistics) lexeme (set of inflected forms taken by a single word)
2. (computing) lexeme (individual instance of a continuous character sequence without spaces, used in lexical analysis)

Declension

Synonyms

• (lexeme): flettiorð

Derived terms

• lesgreining
• lesgreinir

See also

• tóki

Verb

les

1. first-person singular of lesa (“to read”)

   Ég les mikið af þýskum bókum.

   I read a lot of German books.

2. third-person singular of lesa (“to read”)

   Pálmi les alltaf sömu söguna, þótt hann eigi margar bækur.

   Pálmi always reads the same story, even though he has many books.

Indonesian

Etymology 1

From Dutch les (“course, lesson”), from Middle Dutch lesse, from Latin l?cti?.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?l?s]
• Hyphenation: lès

Noun

lès (first-person possessive lesku, second-person possessive lesmu, third-person possessive lesnya)

1. (education, colloquial) cram school, private tuition.

Verb

lès

1. (education, colloquial) to cram, to study hard, to learn at cram school.

Etymology 2

From Dutch lis (“reed”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?l?s]
• Hyphenation: lès

Noun

lès (first-person possessive lesku, second-person possessive lesmu, third-person possessive lesnya)

1. rein.

Further reading

• “les” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Daring, Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 2016.

Interlingua

Pronoun

les

1. (dative) to them

Usage notes

• Precedes conjugated verbs.
• Can be of mixed gender (not just masculine).

Ladin

Etymology

From Latin illas.

Article

les f (plural)

1. the

See also

• l
• la, l'
• i

Middle English

Alternative forms

• lese, lees, leas, leasse

Etymology

From Old English l?as (“false, void, loose”).

Cognate with Middle High German l?s (“loose”), Old Swedish lø?s (“loose”); a doublet of loos.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /l??s/

Adjective

les

1. false; lying; deceptive

Noun

les (uncountable)

1. falsehood; a lie

Middle French

Etymology

from Old French les, from Latin ill?s m and ill?s f

Article

les m pl or f pl (masculine singular le, feminine singular la)

1. the

Descendants

• French: les

Norman

Pronunciation

Article

les pl (singular lé, and la)

1. Alternative form of l's

Norwegian Bokmål

Verb

les

1. imperative of lese

Norwegian Nynorsk

Verb

les

1. present tense of lesa
2. imperative of lesa

Old Czech

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *l?s?.

Noun

les m

1. forest

   Synonym: hvozd

Declension

Descendants

• Czech: les

Further reading

• “les”, in Vokabulá? webový: webové hnízdo pramen? k poznání historické ?eštiny [online]?^[2], Praha: Ústav pro jazyk ?eský AV ?R, 2006–2020

Old French

Etymology

From Latin illas and illos.

Article

les

1. the (feminine plural oblique definite article)
2. the (feminine plural nominative definite article)
3. the (masculine plural oblique definite article)

Inflection

Descendants

• Middle French: les
  • French: les

Old Irish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /l?es?/

Pronoun

les

1. third-person singular masculine of la

Rohingya

Etymology

From Bengali.

Noun

les

1. tail

Serbo-Croatian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lê?s/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Slavic *l?s? (“tree, forest”).

Alternative forms

• (Ijekavian) lij?s

Noun

l?s m (Cyrillic spelling ????)

1. coffin
2. (regionally) lumber
3. (regionally) forest, woods

Declension

Etymology 2

From German Löss.

Noun

l?s m (Cyrillic spelling ????)

1. (geology) loess

Slovak

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *l?s?.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?l?s/

Noun

les m (genitive singular lesa, nominative plural lesy, genitive plural lesov, declension pattern of dub)

1. forest

Declension

Further reading

• les in Slovak dictionaries at slovnik.juls.savba.sk

Slovene

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *l?s?.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lé?s/

Noun

l??s m inan

1. wood

Inflection

Further reading

• “les”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?les/, [?les]

Etymology 1

From Latin ill?s, dative plural of ille.

Pronoun

les

1. dative of ellos and ellas; to them, for them
2. dative of ustedes; to you all, for you all (formal)

See also

Etymology 2

Gender-neutral e replaces the gendered endings/elements a and o.

Article

les m pl or f pl

1. (gender-neutral, neologism) the

Tok Pisin

Etymology

From English lazy.

Adjective

les

1. lazy
2. tired, fed up

Verb

les

1. be lazy
2.  be tired, be fed up

Welsh

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /le?s/

Etymology 1

Borrowed from English lace.

Noun

les f (plural lesau, not mutable)

1. lace (light fabric patterned with holes)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from English lease.

Noun

les f (plural lesoedd, not mutable)

1. lease

Derived terms

• lesddeiliad (“leaseholder”)

Further reading

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present) , “les”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies