different between crash vs roll

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /k?æ?/

• Rhymes: -æ?

Etymology 1

From Middle English crasshen, crasschen, craschen (“to break into pieces”), of uncertain origin. Perhaps from a variant of earlier *crasken, from crasen (“to break”) +? -k (formative suffix); or from earlier *craskien, *craksien, a variant of craken (“to crack, break open”) (for form development compare break, brask, brash).

Noun

crash (plural crashes)

1. A sudden, intense, loud sound, as made for example by cymbals.

2. An automobile, airplane, or other vehicle accident.

3. (computing) A malfunction of computer software or hardware which causes it to shut down or become partially or totally inoperable.

   Synonym: abend

4. (finance) A sudden large decline of business or the prices of stocks (especially one that causes additional failures).

5. (informal) A comedown from a drug.
6. (collective) A group of rhinoceroses.
   • p. 1991, Patrick F. McManus, “Nincompoopery and Other Group Terms”, in The Grasshopper Trap, Henry Holt and Company, ?ISBN, page 103

     One of my favorites among the terms of groups of creatures is a crash of rhinoceros. I can imagine an African guide saying to his client, “Shoot, dammit, shoot! Here comes the whole bloody crash of rhinoceros!”

     […] Personally, I think I’d just as soon come across a crash of rhinoceros as a knot of toad.

   • 1998, E. Melanie Watt, Black Rhinos, page 19

     The largest group of black rhinos reported was made up of 13 individuals. A group of rhinos is called a crash.

   • 1999, Edward Osborne Wilson, The Diversity of Life, page 126

     Out in the water a crash of rhinoceros-like animals browse belly deep through a bed of aquatic plants.

   • 2003, Claude Herve-Bazin, Judith Farr Kenya and Tanzania, page 23

     The crash of rhinoceros at Tsavo now numbers almost 200.

Derived terms

Translations

Adjective

crash (not comparable)

1. Quick, fast, intensive, impromptu.

   crash course

   crash diet

Translations

Verb

crash (third-person singular simple present crashes, present participle crashing, simple past and past participle crashed)

1. (transitive) To collide with something destructively, fall or come down violently.
2. (transitive) To severely damage or destroy something by causing it to collide with something else.

3. (transitive, slang) Short for gatecrash.

4. (transitive, management) To accelerate a project or a task or its schedule by devoting more resources to it.
5. (intransitive, slang) To make or experience informal temporary living arrangements, especially overnight.

6. (slang) To give, as a favor.
7. (slang) To lie down for a long rest, sleep or nap, as from tiredness or exhaustion.
8. (computing, hardware, software, intransitive) To terminate extraordinarily.

   Synonym: bomb

9. (computing, hardware, software, transitive) To cause to terminate extraordinarily.

10. (intransitive) To experience a period of depression and/or lethargy after a period of euphoria, as after the euphoric effect of a psychotropic drug has dissipated.
11. (transitive) To hit or strike with force
12. (medicine, of a patient's condition) To take a sudden and severe turn for the worse; to rapidly deteriorate.
13. To make a sudden loud noise.

Translations

Etymology 2

Of uncertain origin; perhaps compare Russian ?????????? (krašenína, “coarse linen”).

Noun

crash (uncountable)

1. (fibre) A type of rough linen.
   • 1899, Kate Chopin, The Awakening:

     Unlocking the door of her bath-room she went inside, and soon emerged, bringing a rug, which she spread upon the floor of the gallery, and two huge hair pillows covered with crash, which she placed against the front of the building.

Translations

Anagrams

• Rasch, chars

Dutch

Pronunciation

• (Netherlands) IPA^(key): /kr??/
• Hyphenation: crash
• Homophone: crèche

Etymology 1

Borrowed from English crash.

Noun

crash m (plural crashes, diminutive crashje n)

1. crash, collision, esp. when involving aircraft
2. economic crash, especially in relation to stock exchanges

   Synonym: krach

3. computer crash

Derived terms

• beurscrash
• computercrash

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the main entry.

Verb

crash

1. first-person singular present indicative of crashen
2. imperative of crashen

French

Etymology

From English crash

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /k?a?/

Noun

crash m (plural crashs)

1. (of an aircraft) crash landing
2. (economics) crash
3. (computing) crash

Derived terms

• crasher

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?k?a?/, [?k?a?]

Noun

crash m (plural crashes)

1. (economics) crash
2. (computing) crash

English

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /???l/
• (General American) enPR: r?l, IPA^(key): /?o?l/
• Homophone: role

Etymology 1

From Middle English rollen, partly from Old French roller, roler, röeler, röoler, from Medieval Latin rotul?re (“to roll; to revolve”), from Latin rotula (“a little wheel”), diminutive of rota (“a wheel”); partly from Anglo-Latin roll?re, from the same ultimate source.

Verb

roll (third-person singular simple present rolls, present participle rolling, simple past and past participle rolled)

1. (transitive) To cause to revolve by turning over and over; to move by turning on an axis; to impel forward by causing to turn over and over on a supporting surface.
2. (intransitive) To turn over and over.
   • c. 1599, William Shakespeare, The Life of Henry the Fifth

     And her foot, look you, is fixed upon a spherical stone, which rolls, and rolls, and rolls.

   • 1922, James Joyce, Ulysses Chapter 13

     The gentleman aimed the ball once or twice and then threw it up the strand towards Cissy Caffrey but it rolled down the slope and stopped right under Gerty's skirt near the little pool by the rock.

3. (intransitive) To tumble in gymnastics; to do a somersault.
4. (transitive) To wrap (something) round on itself; to form into a spherical or cylindrical body by causing to turn over and over.

5. (transitive) To bind or involve by winding, as in a bandage; to enwrap; often with up.

6. (intransitive) To be wound or formed into a cylinder or ball.

   The cloth rolls unevenly; the snow rolls well.

7. (ergative) To drive or impel forward with an easy motion, as of rolling.

8. (ergative) To utter copiously, especially with sounding words; to utter with a deep sound; — often with forth, or out.

9. (transitive) To press or level with a roller; to spread or form with a roll, roller, or rollers.

10. (intransitive) To spread itself under a roller or rolling-pin.

    The pastry rolls well.

11. (ergative) To move, or cause to be moved, upon, or by means of, rollers or small wheels.
12. (chiefly US, Canada, colloquial, intransitive) To leave or begin a journey.

13. (chiefly US, Canada, colloquial, intransitive) To compete, especially with vigor.

14. (transitive) To beat with rapid, continuous strokes, as a drum; to sound a roll upon.
15. (geometry) To apply (one line or surface) to another without slipping; to bring all the parts of (one line or surface) into successive contact with another, in such a manner that at every instant the parts that have been in contact are equal.
16. (transitive) To turn over in one's mind; to revolve.
17. (US, slang, intransitive) To behave in a certain way; to adopt a general disposition toward a situation.
    • 2006, Chris McKenna, "Kids at party chant as police sergeant is beaten by angry teens", Times Herald-Record (Middletown, NY), Tuesday, November 21, [1].

      "This is how we roll in Spring Valley," one teen reportedly boasted.

18. (dice games, intransitive) To throw dice.
19. (dice games, transitive) To roll dice such that they form a given pattern or total.

20. (role-playing games) To create a new character in a role-playing game, especially by using dice to determine properties.

21. (intransitive, computing) To generate a random number.
22. (intransitive, aviation, nautical, of an aircraft or vessel) To rotate on its fore-and-aft axis, causing its sides to go up and down. Compare pitch.
23. (intransitive, in folk songs) To travel by sailing.
    • 19th c., Rolling Down to Old Maui (anon.)

      We're homeward bound from the Arctic ground / Rolling down to Old Maui

    • early 20th c., Randy Dandy-O (anon.)

      Now we are ready to head for the Horn / Way-hey, roll and go!

24. (transitive) To beat up; to attack and cause physical damage to.
25. (transitive, slang) To cause to betray secrets or to testify for the prosecution.

26. (intransitive, slang) To betray secrets.

27. (slang, intransitive) To be under the influence of MDMA (a psychedelic stimulant, also known as ecstasy).
    • 2000, Michael Sunstar, Underground Rave Dance,^[2] Writers Club Press, ?ISBN, page 15:

      Cindy replied, “Wow, that’s great. Did you try E at those parties?” Steel said, “Oh yeah. I was rolling hard at the Willy Wonka party.”

    • 2003, Karin Slaughter, A Faint Cold Fear (novel), HarperCollins, ?ISBN, page 169:

      The crowd was rolling on Ecstasy, and the lights enhanced the experience. […] He would use it to keep his teeth from chattering while he was rolling.

    • a. 2007, unidentified Internet user quoted in Joseph A. Kotarba, “Music as a Feature of the Online Discussion of Illegal Drugs”, in Edward Murguía et al. (editors), Real Drugs in a Virtual World: Drug Discourse and Community Online, Lexington Books (2007), ?ISBN

      So the quesion is When you are rolling what gets you in that “ecstasy” state more: hard pounding energetic music or smoother and gentler music? Personally for me its gentler music because when I’m rolling my mind can’t really keep up with all the hard pounding intriquet sounds […]

28. (transitive, intransitive, of a camera) To (cause to) film.

29. (transitive, soccer) To slip past (a defender) with the ball.
    • 2014, Jacob Steinberg, "Wigan shock Manchester City in FA Cup again to reach semi-finals", The Guardian, 9 March 2014:

      Rolled far too easily by Marc-Antoine Fortuné, Demichelis compounded his error by standing on the striker's foot. In the absence of the injured Watson, Gómez converted the penalty.

30. (intransitive) To have a rolling aspect.
31. (figuratively, intransitive) To perform a periodical revolution; to move onward as with a revolution.

    The years roll on.

32. (intransitive) To move, like waves or billows, with alternate swell and depression.
33. (figuratively, intransitive) to move and cause an effect on someone
    • 1718, Matthew Prior, Solomon On The Vanity Of The World

      Here tell me, if thou darest, my conscious soul,

      what different sorrows did within thee roll?

34. (intransitive) To make a loud or heavy rumbling noise.

    The thunder rolled and the lightning flashed.

35. (transitive) To utter with an alveolar trill.

36. (transitive, US) To enrobe in toilet-paper (as a prank or spectacle).

37. (transitive) To create a customized version of.
    • 2000, Mark F. Komarinski and Cary Collett, Red Hat Linux System Administration Handbook, page 311, [4]

    • 2006, Keyboard, volume 32, page 188, [5]

    • 2010, Joseph Rattz and Adam Freeman, Pro LINQ: Language Integrated Query in C# 2010, page 208, [6]

    • 2015, Hyer Thomas, Derivatives Algorithms - Volume 1: Bones (Second Edition), page 135, [7]

38. (transitive, martial arts) To engage in sparring in the context of jujitsu or other grappling disciplines.

Derived terms

Translations

Noun

roll (plural rolls)

1. The act or result of rolling, or state of being rolled.

2. A forward or backward roll in gymnastics; going head over heels. A tumble.
3. Something which rolls.
   1. A heavy cylinder used to break clods.
   2. One of a set of revolving cylinders, or rollers, between which metal is pressed, formed, or smoothed, as in a rolling mill.

4. A swagger or rolling gait.
5. A heavy, reverberatory sound.

6. The uniform beating of a drum with strokes so rapid as scarcely to be distinguished by the ear.
7. (nautical, aviation) The oscillating movement of a nautical vessel as it rotates from side to side, on its fore-and-aft axis, causing its sides to go up and down, as distinguished from the alternate rise and fall of bow and stern called pitching; or the equivalent in an aircraft.
8. (nautical) The measure or extent to which a vessel rotates from side to side, on its fore-and-aft axis.
9. The rotation angle about the longitudinal axis.

10. An instance of the act of rolling an aircraft through one or more complete rotations about its longitudinal axis.

11. The act of, or total resulting from, rolling one or more dice.

12. A winning streak of continuing luck, especially at gambling (and especially in the phrase on a roll).

13. A training match for a fighting dog.
14. (US, paddlesport) An instance of the act of righting a canoe or kayak which has capsized, without exiting the watercraft, or being assisted.

15. (paddlesport) The skill of righting a canoe or kayak which has capsized.

Derived terms

Translations

Etymology 2

From Middle English rolle, from Old French rolle, role, roule, from Medieval Latin rotulus (“a roll, list, catalogue, schedule, record, a paper or parchment rolled up”); as such, it is a doublet of role.

Noun

roll (plural rolls)

1. That which is rolled up.

2. A document written on a piece of parchment, paper, or other materials which may be rolled up; a scroll.
   • 1718, Matthew Prior, Solomon On The Vanity Of The World

     Busy angels spread / The lasting roll, recording what we say.

3. An official or public document; a register; a record
   • 1713 Sir M. Hale, The History of the Common Law of England (posthumously published)

     As to the rolls of parliament, viz. the entry of the several petitions, answers and transactions in parliament. Those are generally and successively extant of record in the Tower

4. A catalogue or list
   • c. 1666, John Davies, Historical Relations: Or, a Discovery of the True Causes Why Ireland Was Never Entirely Subdued, Nor Brought Under Obedience of the Crown of England Until the Beginning of the Reign of King James I

     The roll and list of that army doth remain.

5. A quantity of cloth wound into a cylindrical form.

6. A cylindrical twist of tobacco.
7. A kind of shortened raised biscuit or bread, often rolled or doubled upon itself; see also bread roll.
8. (obsolete) Part; office; duty; rôle.
9. A measure of parchments, containing five dozen.
   • 1882, James Edwin Thorold Rogers, A History of Agriculture and Prices in England, Volume 4, p. 594:

     Parchement is sold by the dozen, and by the roll of five dozens.

10. (US, paddlesport) An instance of the act of righting a canoe or kayak which has capsized, without exiting the watercraft, or being assisted.

Derived terms

Translations

See also

• Rolls

Further reading

• roll in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• roll in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

Irish

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

roll m (genitive singular roll, nominative plural rollanna)

1. roll

Declension

Verb

roll (present analytic rollann, future analytic rollfaidh, verbal noun rolladh, past participle rollta)

1. (transitive, intransitive) roll
   1. (transitive) form into a roll

Conjugation

Alternative forms

• rollaigh, rolláil

Derived terms

Further reading

• "roll" in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
• Entries containing “roll” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
• Entries containing “roll” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.

Swedish

Pronunciation

Noun

roll c

1. role
2. roll (the rotation angle about the longitudinal axis)

Declension

Derived terms

• (part): huvudroll, huvudrollsinnehavare, karaktärsroll, könsroll, rollfördelning, rollista, rollspel, spela någon roll , det spelar ingen roll, titelroll, yrkesroll
• (rotation): tunnelroll