different between commutation vs procuration

English

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /k?mju??te???n/

Etymology 1

From French commutation, from Latin comm?t?ti?nem, accusative singular of comm?t?ti?.

Noun

commutation (countable and uncountable, plural commutations)

1. (obsolete) A passing from one state to another; change; alteration; mutation.
2. (obsolete) The act of giving one thing for another; barter; exchange.
3. (formal or archaic) Substitution of one thing for another; interchange.
4. Specifically, the substitution of one kind of payment for another, especially a switch to monetary payment from obligations of labour.
   • 1969, Philip Ziegler, The Black Death, Folio Society 2006, p. 213:

     Professor Postan has argued in favour of a rapid move towards commutation in the twelfth century which slackened or even went into reverse in the course of the thirteenth.

5. (law) The change to a lesser penalty or punishment by the State
   • 1992, Hilary Mantel, A Place of Greater Safety, Harper Perennial 2007, p. 23:

     Monsieur the Marquis de Sade [was] now holed up in one of his châteaux while his wife worked for the commutation of a sentence passed on him recently for poisoning and buggery.

6. (linguistics) Substitution, as a means of discriminating between phonemes.
7. (electronics) The reversal of an electric current.

Translations

Etymology 2

From commute.

Noun

commutation (countable and uncountable, plural commutations)

1. (US) The process or habit of journeying to and from work on a regular basis; commuting.

References

• commutation at OneLook Dictionary Search
• commutation in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

English

Etymology

Latin pr?c?r?ti?.

Noun

procuration (countable and uncountable, plural procurations)

1. The act of procuring; procurement.
2. The management of another's affairs.
3. The instrument by which a person is empowered to transact the affairs of another; a proxy.
4. A sum of money formerly paid to the bishop or archdeacon, now to the ecclesiastical commissioners, by an incumbent, as a commutation for entertainment at the time of visitation; called also proxy.

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin pr?c?r?ti?.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /p??.ky.?a.sj??/

Noun

procuration f (plural procurations)

1. proxy
2. power of attorney

Further reading

• “procuration” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).