different between cherub vs imp

English

Etymology

From Middle English cherub, cherube, cherubin, cherubine, cherubym, cherubyn, cherybin, gerubin, jerubin (“angel of the second highest order; depiction of such an angel”), from Old English cerubin, cerubim, ceruphin, cherubin, from Latin cher?b?n, cher?b?m, from Ancient Greek ???????? (kheroubín), ????????? (kheroubeín), ???????? (kheroubím), from Hebrew ??????????? (k'ruvím); further etymology uncertain.

The English and Middle English word cherub(e) is derived from Latin cherub (“cherub”) (the singular form of cher?b?m, cher?b?n), from Ancient Greek ?????? (kheroúb), ultimately from Hebrew ???????? (kerúv). Because it was not always clear from Bible passages whether a single being or group of beings was being referred to, cherubin was used both as a singular word (plural cherubins) and plural word up to the 18th century. However, in Bible translations particularly from the 16th century onward cherub began to be favoured as the singular form, and from the 17th century cherubim as the plural form (influenced by Hebrew ??????????? (k'ruvím)).

The English word is cognate with French chérubin, Italian cherubino, Old Spanish cherubin (modern Spanish querubín), Galician querubín, Portuguese querubim.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation, General American) enPR: ch?r??b, IPA^(key): /?t??.??b/
• Hyphenation: che?rub

Noun

cherub (plural cherubs or cherubim or cherubims)

1. (biblical) A winged creature attending God, described by Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite (c. 5th–6th century) as the second highest order of angels, ranked above thrones and below seraphim; similar to a lamassu in the pre-exilic texts of the Hebrew Bible, more humanoid in later texts.
2. An artistic depiction of such a being, typically in the form of a winged child or a child's head with wings but no body.

   Synonyms: amoretto, cupid, putto
3. (figuratively) A person, especially a child, seen as being particularly angelic or innocent.

   Synonyms: angel, innocent

Alternative forms

• cherubin (obsolete)

Derived terms

• cherubic
• cherubically
• cherubism

Translations

Notes

References

Further reading

• cherub on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Anagrams

• Bucher

Dutch

Etymology

More recent than cherubijn. Borrowed from Latin cherub, from Ancient Greek ?????? (kheroúb), ultimately from Biblical Hebrew ???????? (k'rúv).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?xe?.r?p/
• Hyphenation: che?rub

Noun

cherub m (plural cherubs, diminutive cherubje n)

1. cherub
   1. (biblical, historical) lamassu-like angel
   2. (biblical, religion) six-winged humanoid angel
   3. (art) putto

Synonyms

• (all senses): cherubijn

Latin

Etymology

From Ancient Greek ?????? (kheroúb), ultimately from Hebrew ???????? (kerúv).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /?k?e.rub/, [?k????b]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /?ke.rub/, [?k???ub]

Noun

cherub m (irregular, genitive cherub)

1. (indeclinable, Christianity) cherub
   • 405, Jerome and others, Vulgate, Exodus 25:18 & 405, Jerome and others, Vulgate, Exodus 25:19

     duos quoque cherubin aureos et productiles facies ex utraque parte oraculi

     cherub unus sit in latere uno et alter in altero

   • (Can we date this quote?) Nova Vulgata, Exodus 25:18&19

     Duos quoque cherubim aureos et productiles facies ex utraque parte propitiatorii,

     cherub unus sit in latere uno et alter in altero

     And thou shalt make two cherubims of gold, of beaten work shalt thou make them, in the two ends of the mercy seat.

     And make one cherub on the one end, and the other cherub on the other end

   • 405, Jerome and others, Vulgate, Ezechiel 9:3

     et gloria Domini Israhel adsumpta est de cherub quae erat super eum ad limen domus et vocavit virum qui indutus erat lineis et atramentarium scriptoris habebat in lumbis suis

   • Nova Vulgata, Ezechiel 9:3

     Et gloria Dei Israel elevata est de cherub, super quem erat, ad limen domus; et vocavit virum, qui indutus erat lineis et atramentarium scriptoris habebat in lumbis suis.

Declension

Mostly indeclinable (with a distinct plural).

Descendants

Many of the following are technically from the plural cherubin reinterpreted as a singular.

• ? Catalan: querubí
• ? Dutch: cherub
• ? German: Cherub
• ? English: cherub
• ? French: chérubin
• ? Galician: querubín
• ? Italian: cherubino
• ? Portuguese: querubim
• ? Spanish: querubín, querub
  • ? Tagalog: kerubin

References

• cherub in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• cherub in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette

English

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation, General American) IPA^(key): /?mp/
• Rhymes: -?mp

Etymology 1

From Middle English impen, ympen (“to plant; (figuratively) to bury; to graft; to add to, insert, put into, set in; to mend (a falcon’s feather) by attaching a new feather on to the broken stump”), from Old English impian, ?eimpian (“to graft”), from Proto-West Germanic *imp?n (“to graft”), from Vulgar Latin *imput? (“to graft”), from Ancient Greek ??????? (émphutos, “implanted; planted”), from ?????? (emphú?, “to implant”) (from ??- (en-, prefix meaning ‘in’) + ???? (phú?, “to bring forth, produce; to grow”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *b?uH- (“to appear; to become; to grow”))) + -??? (-tos).

Verb

imp (third-person singular simple present imps, present participle imping, simple past and past participle imped) (transitive)

1. (obsolete) To engraft or plant (a plant or part of one, a sapling, etc.).
2. (figuratively, archaic) To graft or implant (something other than a plant); to fix or set (something) in.
   • 1596, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, IV.9:

     That headlesse tyrants tronke he reard from ground, / And, having ympt the head to it agayne, / Upon his usuall beast it firmely bound, / And made it so to ride as it alive was found.

3. (falconry)
   1. To engraft (a feather) on to a broken feather in a bird's wing or tail to repair it; to engraft (feathers) on to a bird's wing or tail.
   2. To engraft (a bird, or bird's wing or tail) with feathers.
   3. (figuratively) To provide (someone or something) with wings, hence enabling them or it to soar.
      • 1633, George Herbert, "Easter Wings"

        With thee / Let me combine, / And feel this day thy victory / For, if I imp my wing on thine, / Affliction shall advance the flight in me.

4. (by extension) To add to or unite with (something) another object to lengthen it out or repair it; to eke out, enlarge, strengthen.

Translations

Etymology 2

From Middle English impe, ympe (“tree branch; shoot, sprig; graft, scion; young tree, sapling, seedling; tree”) [and other forms], from Old English impa, impe (“shoot, sprig; graft, scion; young tree, sapling, seedling”), from impian, ?eimpian (“to graft”) (see etymology 1).

Noun

imp (plural imps)

1. (chiefly fiction and mythology) A small, mischievous sprite or a malevolent supernatural creature, somewhat comparable to a demon but smaller and less powerful, formerly regarded as the child of the devil or a demon (see sense 3.2). [from 16th c.]
   • 1771, James Beattie, The Minstrel:

     Nor cared to mingle in the clamorous fray / Of squabbling imps […]
2. (by extension)
   1. (often humorous) A mischievous child. [from 17th c.]

      Synonyms: brat, little dickens, scamp, urchin

      • 1908, Kenneth Grahame, The Wind in the Willows

        I've left my young children to look after themselves, and a more mischievous and troublesome set of young imps doesn't exist...

   2. A baby Tasmanian devil.
3. (obsolete)
   1. A young shoot of a plant, a tree, etc.; a sapling; also, a part of a plant used for grafting; a graft. [9th–18th c.]
      • 14th c., Sir Orfeo, 69:

        Þai sett hem doun al þre / Vnder a fair ympe-tre.

      • 1571, Arthur Golding, The Psalmes of David and others. With M. John Calvins Commentaries, “Epistle Dedicatorie,”^[1]

        Out of these rootes spring other impes, no lesse perniciouse than the stockes of whiche they come […]

   2. An offspring or scion, especially of a noble family; (generally) a (usually male) child; a (young) man. [15th–19th c.]
      • 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene I.3:

        And thou most dreaded impe of highest Ioue, / Faire Venus sonne, [...] come to mine ayde [...].

      • The tender imp was weaned from the teat.

   3. (Britain, dialectal) Something added to or united with another to lengthen it out or repair it (such as an eke or small stand on which a beehive is placed, or a length of twisted hair in a fishing line).

Derived terms

• impish
• impishly
• implike
• impishness

Translations

References

Further reading

• imp on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Anagrams

• IPM, MIP, MPI, PIM, PMI