different between character vs discipline

English

Etymology

From Middle English caracter, from Old French caractere, from Latin character, from Ancient Greek ???????? (kharakt?r, “type, nature, character”), from ??????? (kharáss?, “I engrave”). Doublet of charakter.

Pronunciation

• (General American) IPA^(key): /?k??(?)kt?/, /?kæ?(?)kt?/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?kæ??kt?/
• Hyphenation: char?ac?ter

Noun

character (countable and uncountable, plural characters)

1. (countable) A being involved in the action of a story.
2. (countable) A distinguishing feature; characteristic; trait; phene.

3. (uncountable, countable) A complex of traits marking a person, group, breed, or type.

   • A man of […] thoroughly subservient character

4. (uncountable) Strength of mind; resolution; independence; individuality; moral strength.

5. (countable) A unique or extraordinary individual; a person characterized by peculiar or notable traits, especially charisma.

6. (countable) A written or printed symbol, or letter.
   • 1669, William Holder, Elements of Speech

     It were much to be wished that there were throughout the world but one sort of character for each letter to express it to the eye.

7. (countable, dated) Style of writing or printing; handwriting; the particular form of letters used by a person or people.
8. (countable, dated) A secret cipher; a way of writing in code.
9. (countable, computing) One of the basic elements making up a text file or string: a code representing a printing character or a control character.
10. (countable, informal) A person or individual, especially one who is unknown or raises suspicions.

11. (countable, mathematics) A complex number representing an element of a finite Abelian group.
12. (countable) Quality, position, rank, or capacity; quality or conduct with respect to a certain office or duty.

13. (countable, dated) The estimate, individual or general, put upon a person or thing; reputation.

    • This subterraneous passage is much mended since Seneca gave so bad a character of it.

14. (countable, dated) A reference given to a servant, attesting to their behaviour, competence, etc.
15. (countable, obsolete) Personal appearance.

Usage notes

Character is sometimes used interchangeably with reputation, but the two words have different meanings; character describes the distinctive qualities of an individual or group while reputation describes the opinions held by others regarding an individual or group. Character is internal and authentic, while reputation is external and perceived.

Hyponyms

Derived terms

Related terms

Pages starting with “character”.

Translations

Verb

character (third-person singular simple present characters, present participle charactering, simple past and past participle charactered)

1. (obsolete) To write (using characters); to describe.

See also

• codepoint
• font
• glyph
• letter
• symbol
• rune
• pictogram

Latin

Etymology

From the Ancient Greek ???????? (kharakt?r).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /k?a?rak.ter/, [k?ä??äkt??r]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ka?rak.ter/, [k????kt??r]

Noun

character m (genitive charact?ris); third declension

1. branding iron
2. brand (made by a branding iron)
3. characteristic, mark, character, style

Declension

Third-declension noun.

Descendants

• Hungarian: karakter
• Galician: caritel; ? carácter
• Irish: carachtar
• Italian: carattere
• Old French: caractere
  • ? English: character
  • French: caractère
• Polish: charakter
  • ? Russian: ????????? (xarákter)
• Portuguese: caractere, carácter
• Sicilian: caràttiri
• Spanish: carácter

References

• character in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• character in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• character in Ramminger, Johann (accessed 16 July 2016) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700?^[1], pre-publication website, 2005-2016

Portuguese

Noun

character m (plural characteres)

1. Obsolete spelling of caráter (used in Portugal until September 1911 and died out in Brazil during the 1920s).

English

Etymology

From Middle English [Term?], from Anglo-Norman, from Old French descipline, from Latin disciplina (“instruction”), from discipulus (“pupil”), from discere (“to learn”), from Proto-Indo-European *dek- (“(cause to) accept”).

Pronunciation

• (US) IPA^(key): /?d?.s?.pl?n/

Noun

discipline (countable and uncountable, plural disciplines)

1. A controlled behaviour; self-control.
   • a. 1729, John Rogers, The Difficulties of Obtaining Salvation

     The most perfect, who have their passions in the best discipline, are yet obliged to be constantly on their guard.

   1. An enforced compliance or control.
   2. A systematic method of obtaining obedience.
      • 1871, Charles John Smith, Synonyms Discriminated

        Discipline aims at the removal of bad habits and the substitution of good ones, especially those of order, regularity, and obedience.

      • 1973, Bible (New International Version), Hebrews 12:7:

        Endure hardship as discipline; God is treating you as his children. For what children are not disciplined by their father?

   3. A state of order based on submission to authority.

      • Their wildness lose, and, quitting nature's part, / Obey the rules and discipline of art.

   4. A set of rules regulating behaviour.
   5. A punishment to train or maintain control.

      • giving her the discipline of the strap

      1. (Catholicism) A whip used for self-flagellation.
      2. A flagellation as a means of obtaining sexual gratification.
2. A specific branch of knowledge or learning.
   1. A category in which a certain art, sport or other activity belongs.

Synonyms

• (branch or category): field, sphere
• (punishment): penalty, sanction

Antonyms

• (controlled behaviour et al.): spontaneity

Derived terms

• academic discipline

Related terms

• disciple
• disciplinal
• disciplinarian
• disciplinary
• discipliner
• interdisciplinary
• multidisciplinary

See also

• castigation
• stricture

Translations

Verb

discipline (third-person singular simple present disciplines, present participle disciplining, simple past and past participle disciplined)

1. (transitive) To train someone by instruction and practice.
2. (transitive) To teach someone to obey authority.
3. (transitive) To punish someone in order to (re)gain control.
4. (transitive) To impose order on someone.

Synonyms

• drill

Related terms

• disciplined
• disciplinable
• disciplinarian

Translations

Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch discipline, from Old French discipline, from Latin discipl?na.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?di.si?pli.n?/, /?d?.si?pli.n?/
• Hyphenation: dis?ci?pli?ne
• Rhymes: -in?

Noun

discipline f (plural disciplines, diminutive disciplinetje n)

1. discipline, self-control

   Synonyms: zelfbeheersing, zelfcontrole

2. discipline, regime of forcing compliance
3. discipline, sanction

   Synonym: tucht

4. discipline, branch

   Synonym: tak

Derived terms

• disciplinair
• disciplineren
• kadaverdiscipline
• kerndiscipline
• onderzoeksdiscipline
• sportdiscipline

Related terms

• discipel
• ongedisciplineerd

Descendants

• Afrikaans: dissipline
• ? Indonesian: disiplin

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /di.si.plin/

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Latin discipl?na.

Noun

discipline f (plural disciplines)

1. discipline, sanction
2. discipline, self-control
3. discipline, branch

Derived terms

• disciplinaire
• discipliner

Related terms

• disciple

Descendants

• ? Turkish: disiplin

Etymology 2

Verb

discipline

1. first-person singular present indicative of discipliner
2. third-person singular present indicative of discipliner
3. first-person singular present subjunctive of discipliner
4. third-person singular present subjunctive of discipliner
5. second-person singular imperative of discipliner

Further reading

• “discipline” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Italian

Noun

discipline f pl

1. plural of disciplina

Portuguese

Pronunciation

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /?di.si.?pli.ni/

Verb

discipline

1. first-person singular (eu) present subjunctive of disciplinar
2. third-person singular (ele and ela, also used with você and others) present subjunctive of disciplinar
3. third-person singular (você) affirmative imperative of disciplinar
4. third-person singular (você) negative imperative of disciplinar

Spanish

Verb

discipline

1. Formal second-person singular (usted) imperative form of disciplinar.
2. First-person singular (yo) present subjunctive form of disciplinar.
3. Formal second-person singular (usted) present subjunctive form of disciplinar.
4. Third-person singular (él, ella, also used with usted^?) present subjunctive form of disciplinar.