different between trauma vs character

English

Etymology

From Ancient Greek ?????? (traûma, “wound, damage”).

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /?t???.m?/, /?t?a?.m?/

Rhymes: -??m?, -a?m?

• (US) IPA^(key): /?t??.m?/
• (cot–caught merger) IPA^(key): /?t??.m?/
• (cot–caught merger, father-bother merger) IPA^(key): /?t??.m?/

Noun

trauma (countable and uncountable, plural traumas or traumata)

1. Any serious injury to the body, often resulting from violence or an accident.
2. An emotional wound leading to psychological injury.
3. An event that causes great distress.

Derived terms

• phonotrauma
• traumatism
• traumatise/traumatize
• trauma incidence reduction

Descendants

• ? Japanese: ????

Translations

References

• trauma at OneLook Dictionary Search
• trauma in Keywords for Today: A 21st Century Vocabulary, edited by The Keywords Project, Colin MacCabe, Holly Yanacek, 2018.
• trauma in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

Anagrams

• Murata, Tamura, matura

Catalan

Etymology

From Ancient Greek ?????? (traûma).

Pronunciation

• (Balearic, Central) IPA^(key): /?t?aw.m?/
• (Valencian) IPA^(key): /?t?aw.ma/

Noun

trauma m (plural traumes)

1. trauma

Derived terms

• traumatitzar

Related terms

• traumàtic

Further reading

• “trauma” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “trauma” in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana.
• “trauma” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “trauma” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Czech

Etymology

From Ancient Greek ?????? (traûma, “wound”) via German Trauma.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?tra??ma/

Noun

trauma n

1. trauma

Declension

Related terms

• traumatický
• traumatizovat
• traumatologie

References

Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed internationalism, ultimately from Ancient Greek ?????? (traûma, “wound”). This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?tr?u?.ma?/
• Hyphenation: trau?ma

Noun

trauma n (plural trauma's or traumata, diminutive traumaatje n)

1. trauma

Derived terms

• hoofdtrauma
• traumatisch
• traumatiseren
• traumatalogie

Descendants

• ? Indonesian: trauma

Finnish

Etymology

< Ancient Greek ?????? (traûma, “wound”).

Noun

trauma

1. trauma

Declension

Anagrams

• maarut, murtaa

French

Etymology

From the Ancient Greek ?????? (traûma, “wound”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t?o.ma/

Noun

trauma m (plural traumas)

1. (medicine) trauma (a localised injury produced by an external action)
2. (psychology and psychoanalysis, elliptical use for trauma psychique) psychic trauma

Synonyms

• (psychic trauma): traumatisme psychique

Derived terms

• trauma acoustique
• trauma auditif
• trauma parodontal
• trauma psychique
• trauma sonore

References

• “trauma” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Galician

Etymology

From Ancient Greek ?????? (traûma, “wound, damage”).

Noun

trauma m (plural traumas)

1. an emotional wound
2. (medicine) trauma; serious physical injury

Related terms

• traumático
• traumatismo
• traumatizar

Interlingua

Noun

trauma (plural traumas)

1. trauma

Related terms

• traumatic

Indonesian

Etymology

From Dutch trauma, from Ancient Greek ?????? (traûma, “wound, damage”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?trau?ma]
• Hyphenation: trau?ma

Noun

trauma (first-person possessive traumaku, second-person possessive traumamu, third-person possessive traumanya)

1. trauma:
   1. an event that causes great distress.
   2. (psychology, psychiatry) an emotional wound leading to psychological injury.
   3. (surgery) any serious injury to the body, often resulting from violence or an accident.

      Synonym: rudapaksa

Related terms

Further reading

• “trauma” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Daring, Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 2016.

Italian

Etymology

From Ancient Greek ?????? (traûma, “wound, damage”).

Noun

trauma m (plural traumi)

1. trauma

Anagrams

• matura, murata

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?træ??.m?/ (example of pronunciation)

Noun

trauma n (definite singular traumaet, indefinite plural trauma, definite plural traumaa)

1. alternative form of traume

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /²træ??.m?/ (example of pronunciation)

Noun

trauma n

1. definite plural of traume

Polish

Etymology

From English trauma, from Ancient Greek ?????? (traûma).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?traw.ma/

Noun

trauma f

1. (medicine) trauma (serious injury to the body)

   Synonym: uraz

2. (psychology) trauma (emotional wound)

Declension

Related terms

• (verb) traumatyzowa?
• (nouns) traumatyk, traumatyzm, traumatyzacja, traumatolog, traumatologia
• (adjectives) traumatyczny, traumatologiczny

Further reading

• trauma in Wielki s?ownik j?zyka polskiego, Instytut J?zyka Polskiego PAN
• trauma in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Portuguese

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -awma

Noun

trauma m (plural traumas)

1. trauma (emotional wound)
2. trauma (event that causes great distress)
3. (medicine) trauma (serious injury to the body)

   Synonym: traumatismo

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tr?uma/
• Hyphenation: tra?u?ma

Noun

tràuma f (Cyrillic spelling ???????)

1. trauma

Declension

Spanish

Etymology

From Ancient Greek ?????? (traûma, “wound, damage”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?t?auma/, [?t??au?.ma]
• Hyphenation: trau?ma

Noun

trauma m (plural traumas)

1. (medicine, psychology) trauma
2. injury; harm

Derived terms

• antitrauma
• traumatizar
• traumático
• traumatizante
• traumado

Anagrams

• mutara
• mutará

English

Etymology

From Middle English caracter, from Old French caractere, from Latin character, from Ancient Greek ???????? (kharakt?r, “type, nature, character”), from ??????? (kharáss?, “I engrave”). Doublet of charakter.

Pronunciation

• (General American) IPA^(key): /?k??(?)kt?/, /?kæ?(?)kt?/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?kæ??kt?/
• Hyphenation: char?ac?ter

Noun

character (countable and uncountable, plural characters)

1. (countable) A being involved in the action of a story.
2. (countable) A distinguishing feature; characteristic; trait; phene.

3. (uncountable, countable) A complex of traits marking a person, group, breed, or type.

   • A man of […] thoroughly subservient character

4. (uncountable) Strength of mind; resolution; independence; individuality; moral strength.

5. (countable) A unique or extraordinary individual; a person characterized by peculiar or notable traits, especially charisma.

6. (countable) A written or printed symbol, or letter.
   • 1669, William Holder, Elements of Speech

     It were much to be wished that there were throughout the world but one sort of character for each letter to express it to the eye.

7. (countable, dated) Style of writing or printing; handwriting; the particular form of letters used by a person or people.
8. (countable, dated) A secret cipher; a way of writing in code.
9. (countable, computing) One of the basic elements making up a text file or string: a code representing a printing character or a control character.
10. (countable, informal) A person or individual, especially one who is unknown or raises suspicions.

11. (countable, mathematics) A complex number representing an element of a finite Abelian group.
12. (countable) Quality, position, rank, or capacity; quality or conduct with respect to a certain office or duty.

13. (countable, dated) The estimate, individual or general, put upon a person or thing; reputation.

    • This subterraneous passage is much mended since Seneca gave so bad a character of it.

14. (countable, dated) A reference given to a servant, attesting to their behaviour, competence, etc.
15. (countable, obsolete) Personal appearance.

Usage notes

Character is sometimes used interchangeably with reputation, but the two words have different meanings; character describes the distinctive qualities of an individual or group while reputation describes the opinions held by others regarding an individual or group. Character is internal and authentic, while reputation is external and perceived.

Hyponyms

Derived terms

Related terms

Pages starting with “character”.

Translations

Verb

character (third-person singular simple present characters, present participle charactering, simple past and past participle charactered)

1. (obsolete) To write (using characters); to describe.

See also

• codepoint
• font
• glyph
• letter
• symbol
• rune
• pictogram

Latin

Etymology

From the Ancient Greek ???????? (kharakt?r).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /k?a?rak.ter/, [k?ä??äkt??r]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ka?rak.ter/, [k????kt??r]

Noun

character m (genitive charact?ris); third declension

1. branding iron
2. brand (made by a branding iron)
3. characteristic, mark, character, style

Declension

Third-declension noun.

Descendants

• Hungarian: karakter
• Galician: caritel; ? carácter
• Irish: carachtar
• Italian: carattere
• Old French: caractere
  • ? English: character
  • French: caractère
• Polish: charakter
  • ? Russian: ????????? (xarákter)
• Portuguese: caractere, carácter
• Sicilian: caràttiri
• Spanish: carácter

References

• character in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• character in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• character in Ramminger, Johann (accessed 16 July 2016) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700?^[1], pre-publication website, 2005-2016

Portuguese

Noun

character m (plural characteres)

1. Obsolete spelling of caráter (used in Portugal until September 1911 and died out in Brazil during the 1920s).