different between casual vs earnest
casual
English
Alternative forms
- casuall (obsolete)
- (shortening, informal) cazh
Etymology
From Middle French casuel, from Late Latin c?su?lis (“happening by chance”), from Latin c?sus (“event”) (English case), from cadere (“to fall”) (whence English cadence).
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /?ka?u?l/, /?ka?ju?l/, /?kazju?l/, /?ka??l/
- (General American) IPA(key): /?kæ?u?l/, /?kæ?w?l/, /?kæ??l/
- (General New Zealand) IPA(key): /?k????l/, /?k???l/
- (obsolete) IPA(key): /-uæl/
- Hyphenation: ca?su?al, cas?ual, casu?al
Adjective
casual (comparative more casual, superlative most casual)
- Happening by chance.
- casual breaks, in the general system
- Coming without regularity; occasional or incidental.
- a constant habit, rather than a casual gesture
- Employed irregularly.
- Careless.
- 2007, Nick Holland, The Girl on the Bus (page 117)
- I removed my jacket and threw it casually over the back of the settee.
- 2007, Nick Holland, The Girl on the Bus (page 117)
- Happening or coming to pass without design.
- 2012, Jeff Miller, Grown at Glen Garden: Ben Hogan, Byron Nelson, and the Little Texas Golf Course that Propelled Them to Stardom
- Hogan assumed the entire creek bed was to be played as a casual hazard, moved his ball out and assessed himself a one-stroke penalty.
- 2012, Jeff Miller, Grown at Glen Garden: Ben Hogan, Byron Nelson, and the Little Texas Golf Course that Propelled Them to Stardom
- Informal, relaxed.
- Designed for informal or everyday use.
Synonyms
- (happening by chance): accidental, fortuitous, incidental, occasional, random; see also Thesaurus:accidental
- (happening or coming to pass without design): unexpected
- (relaxed; everyday use): informal
Antonyms
- (happening by chance): inevitable, necessary
- (happening or coming to pass without design): expected, scheduled
- (relaxed; everyday use): ceremonial, formal
Derived terms
Translations
Noun
casual (plural casuals)
- (Britain, Australia, New Zealand) A worker who is only working for a company occasionally, not as its permanent employee.
- A soldier temporarily at a place of duty, usually en route to another place of duty.
- (Britain) A member of a group of football hooligans who wear expensive designer clothing to avoid police attention; see casual (subculture).
- One who receives relief for a night in a parish to which he does not belong; a vagrant.
- (video games, informal, derogatory) A player of casual games.
- (fandom slang) A person whose engagement with media is relaxed or superficial.
- 1972, Lee C. Garrison, "The Needs of Motion Picture Audiences", California Management Review, Volume 15, Issue 2, Winter 1972, page 149:
- Casuals outnumbered regulars in the art-house audience two to one.
- 2010, Jennifer Gillan, Television and New Media: Must-Click TV, page 16:
- Most often, when a series is marketed toward casuals, the loyals feel that their interests and needs are not being met.
- 2018, E. J. Nielsen, "The Gay Elephant Meta in the Room: Sherlock and the Johnlock Conspiracy", in Queerbaiting and Fandom: Teasing Fans Through Homoerotic Possibilities (ed. Joseph Brennan), page 91:
- Treating a gay relationship as a puzzle that must be pursued by the clever viewers and hidden from “casuals” until a narrative reveal at the eleventh hour seems antithetical to the idea of normalized representation that TJLCers claim as the main reason they want Johnlock to be canon, […]
- 1972, Lee C. Garrison, "The Needs of Motion Picture Audiences", California Management Review, Volume 15, Issue 2, Winter 1972, page 149:
- (Britain, dated) A tramp.
Translations
Related terms
- casualty
- case
References
- casual in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
Anagrams
- Calusa, casula, causal
Catalan
Adjective
casual (masculine and feminine plural casuals)
- casual
- unplanned
Derived terms
- casualitat
- casualment
Portuguese
Adjective
casual m or f (plural casuais, comparable)
- casual (happening by chance)
- Synonym: fortuito
- casual (coming without regularity)
- Synonym: ocasional
- casual (designed for informal or everyday use)
Spanish
Pronunciation
- Rhymes: -al
Adjective
casual (plural casuales)
- casual
- accidental
- coincidental, chance
Derived terms
- casualmente
Descendants
- ? Cebuano: kaswal
Further reading
- “casual” in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014.
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earnest
English
Pronunciation
- (General American) IPA(key): /??n?st/
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /???n?st/
- Homophone: Ernest
Etymology 1
From Middle English ernest, eornest, from Old English eornest, eornost, eornust (“earnestness, zeal, seriousness, battle”), from Proto-Germanic *ernustuz (“earnest, strength, solidity, struggle, fight”), a derivative of Proto-Germanic *arniz (“efficient, capable, diligent, sure”), from Proto-Indo-European *er- (“to cause to move, arouse, increase”). Cognate with West Frisian earnst (“earnest, seriousness”), Dutch ernst (“seriousness, gravity, earnest”), German Ernst (“seriousness, earnestness, zeal, vigour”), Icelandic ern (“brisk, vigorous”), Gothic ???????????????????????? (arniba, “secure, certain, sure”).
The adjective is from Middle English eornest, from Old English eornoste (“earnest, zealous, serious”), from the noun. Cognate with North Frisian ernste (“earnest”), Middle Low German ernest, ernst (“serious, earnest”), German ernst (“serious, earnest”).
Noun
earnest (uncountable)
- Gravity; serious purpose; earnestness.
- 1914, February 13, The Times, Obituary: Canon Augustus Jessopp
- He wrote well in a forcible, colloquial style, with the air of being tremendously in earnest, and full of knowledge which overflowed his pages, tricked out with somewhat boisterous illustrations.
- c. 1575-a 1586, Sir Philip Sidney, The Countess of Pembroke's Arcadia
- Take heed that this jest do not one day turn to earnest.
- c. 1592, William Shakespeare, Richard III: Act 5, Scene 1
- That high All-Seer which I dallied with
- Hath turn'd my feigned prayer on my head
- And given in earnest what I begg'd in jest.
- 1914, February 13, The Times, Obituary: Canon Augustus Jessopp
- Seriousness; reality; actuality (as opposed to joking or pretence)
Derived terms
- earnestful
- in earnest
Translations
Verb
earnest (third-person singular simple present earnests, present participle earnesting, simple past and past participle earnested)
- (transitive) To be serious with; use in earnest.
- 1602, Pastor Fido:
- Let's prove among ourselves our armes in jest, That when we come to earnest them with men, We may them better use.
- 1602, Pastor Fido:
Adjective
earnest (comparative earnester or more earnest, superlative earnestest or most earnest)
- (said of an action or an utterance) Serious or honest
- (with a positive sense) Focused in the pursuit of an objective; eager to obtain or do.
- Intent; focused; showing a lot of concentration.
- (said of a person or a person's character) Possessing or characterised by seriousness.
- Strenuous; diligent.
- Serious; weighty; of a serious, weighty, or important nature; important.
Derived terms
- earnestly
- earnestness
- in earnest
Translations
Etymology 2
Of uncertain origin; apparently related to erres. Compare also arles.
Noun
earnest (plural earnests)
- A sum of money paid in advance as a deposit; hence, a pledge, a guarantee, an indication of something to come.
- Now he that hath wrought us for the selfsame thing is God, who also hath given unto us the earnest of the Spirit.
- 1990, Peter Hopkirk, The Great Game, Folio Society 2010, p. 365:
- But if all this was viewed by Gladstone and the Cabinet as an earnest of St Petersburg's future good intentions in Central Asia, then disillusionment was soon to follow.
Translations
See also
- Earnest
- earnest money
Etymology 3
earn +? -est
Verb
earnest
- (archaic) second-person singular simple present form of earn
Anagrams
- Eastern, Saetern, Tareens, eastern, estrane, nearest, renates, sterane
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