different between black vs pan

English

Alternative forms

• Black (race-related)

Pronunciation

• enPR: bl?k, IPA^(key): /blæk/
• (UK) IPA^(key): /blak/
• Rhymes: -æk

Etymology

From Middle English blak, black, blake, from Old English blæc (“black, dark", also "ink”), from Proto-Germanic *blakaz (“burnt”) (compare Dutch blaken (“to burn”), Low German blak, black (“blackness, black paint, (black) ink”), Old High German blah (“black”)), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *b?leg- (“to burn, shine”) (compare Latin flagr?re (“to burn”), Ancient Greek ???? (phlóx, “flame”), Sanskrit ???? (bharga, “radiance”)). More at bleach.

Adjective

black (comparative blacker or more black, superlative blackest or most black)

1. (of an object) Absorbing all light and reflecting none; dark and hueless.
2. (of a place, etc) Without light.
3. (sometimes capitalized) Belonging to or descended from any of various (African, Aboriginal, etc) ethnic groups which typically have dark pigmentation of the skin. (See usage notes below.)
   • 1975 May, Terry Hodges, in Ebony, page 10:

     I am a young, light-skinned black woman, and truer words were never written of the problem we light-skinned blacks have had to live with. The article explains in-depth what it's like.
4. (chiefly historical) Designated for use by those ethnic groups.

   black drinking fountain; black hospital

5. (card games, of a card) Of the spades or clubs suits. Compare red (“of the hearts or diamonds suit”)

   I was dealt two red queens, and he got one of the black queens.

6. Bad; evil; ill-omened.
   • 1655, Benjamin Needler, Expository notes, with practical observations; towards the opening of the five first chapters of the first book of Moses called Genesis. London: N. Webb and W. Grantham, page 168.

     ...what a black day would that be, when the Ordinances of Jesus Christ should as it were be excommunicated, and cast out of the Church of Christ.
7. Expressing menace, or discontent; threatening; sullen.

   He shot her a black look.

8. (of objects, markets, etc) Illegitimate, illegal or disgraced.
   • 1866, The Contemporary Review, London: A. Strahan, page 338.

     Foodstuffs were rationed and, as in other countries in a similar situation, the black market was flourishing.

9. (Ireland, informal) Overcrowded.
10. (of coffee or tea) Without any cream, milk, or creamer.

    Jim drinks his coffee black, but Ellen prefers it with creamer.

11. (board games, chess) Of or relating to the playing pieces of a board game deemed to belong to the "black" set (in chess the set used by the player who moves second) (often regardless of the pieces' actual colour).

    The black pieces in this chess set are made of dark blue glass.

12. (typography) Said of a symbol or character that is solid, filled with color. Compare white (“said of a character or symbol outline, not filled with color”).

    Compare two Unicode symbols: ? = "WHITE RIGHT POINTING INDEX"; ? = BLACK RIGHT POINTING INDEX

13. (politics) Related to the Christian Democratic Union of Germany.

    After the election, the parties united in a black-yellow alliance.

14. Clandestine; relating to a political, military, or espionage operation or site, the existence or details of which is withheld from the general public.

    5 percent of the Defense Department funding will go to black projects.

    black operations/black ops, black room, black site

15. Occult; relating to something (such as mystical or magical knowledge) which is unknown to or kept secret from the general public.
    • 2014, J.R.R. Tolkien, Beowulf: A Translation and Commentary, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt (?ISBN), page 168:

      But a hel-rúne was one who knew secret black knowledge – and the association of hell with the dead shows that the gloss in O.H.G. 'necromancia' is very close.

16. (Ireland, now derogatory) Protestant, often with the implication of being militantly pro-British or anti-Catholic. (Compare blackmouth ("Presbyterian").)

    the Black North (Ulster)

    the Royal Black Institution

    • 1812, Edward Wakefield, An Account of Ireland, Statistical and Political Vol. 2, p. 737:

      There is a district, comprehending Donegal, the interior of the county of Derry, and the western side of Tyrone, which is emphatically called by the people "the Black North," an expression not meant, as I conceive, to mark its greater exposure to the westerly winds, but rather its dreary aspect.

    • 1841 March 20, "Intelligence; Catholicity in Ulster" Catholic Herald (Bengal), Vol. 2 No. 1, p. 27:

      Even in the "black North"—in " Protestant Ulster"—Catholicity is progressing at a rate that must strike terror into its enemies, and impart pride and hope to the professors of the faith of our sainted forefathers.

    • 1886 Thomas Power O'Connor, The Parnell Movement: With a Sketch of Irish Parties from 1843, page 520:

      To the southern Nationalist the north was chiefly known as the home of the most rabid religious and political intolerance perhaps in the whole Christian world; it was designated by the comprehensive title of the 'Black North.'

    • 1914 May 27, "Review of The North Afire by W. Douglas Newton", The Sketch: A Journal of Art and Actuality, volume 86, page t:

      Now April's brother, once also holding a commission in that regiment, was an Ulster Volunteer, her father a staunch, black Protestant, her family tremulously "loyal" to the country whose Parliament was turning them out of its councils.

    • 1985 April, J. A. Weaver, "John Henry Biggart 1905-1979 — A portrait in respect and affection", Ulster Medical Journal, volume 54, number 1, page 1:

      He [Sir John Henry Biggart] was personally amused at having once been called "a black bastard".

    • 2007 September 6, Fintan O'Toole, "Diary", London Review of Books volume 29, number 17, page 35:

      He had been playing Gaelic football for Lisnaskea Emmets, his local team in County Fermanagh, against a team from nearby Brookeborough, when someone from the opposing team called him a ‘black cunt’. ‘Black’, in this case, was a reference not to the colour of his skin but to his religion. It is short for ‘Black Protestant’, a long-standing term of sectarian abuse.

17. Having one or more features (hair, fur, armour, clothes, bark, etc) that is dark (or black); in taxonomy, especially: dark in comparison to another species with the same base name.

    black birch, black locust, black rhino

    the black knight, black bile

18. Foul; dirty.

Usage notes

• In the United States, black typically refers to people of African descent, including indirect African descent via the Caribbean, including those with light skin. In the United Kingdom, black often includes dark-skinned Asians. In Australian, Aboriginal Australians are often referred to as or identify as black. In New Zealand, Maoris are sometimes referred to as or identify as black.
• Some style guides recommend capitalizing Black in reference to the racial group, while others advise using lowercase (black); lowercase is more common.

Synonyms

• (dark and colourless): dark; swart; see also Thesaurus:black
• (without light): dark, gloomy, pitch-black

Antonyms

• (dark and colourless): white, nonblack, unblack
• (without light): bright, illuminated, lit

Derived terms

(taxonomy: having dark features):

(other senses):

Related terms

Descendants

• Bislama: blak
• Tok Pisin: blak
• Torres Strait Creole: blaik
• ? Dutch: black
• ? French: black
• ? Greek: ??????? (blákis)

Translations

See black/translations § Adjective.

Noun

black (countable and uncountable, plural blacks)

1. (countable and uncountable) The colour/color perceived in the absence of light, but also when no light is reflected, but rather absorbed.
2. (countable and uncountable) A black dye or pigment.
3. (countable) A pen, pencil, crayon, etc., made of black pigment.
4. (in the plural) Black cloth hung up at funerals.
   • 1625, Francis Bacon, "Of Death", Essays:

     Groans, and convulsions, and a discolored face, and friends weeping, and blacks, and obsequies, and the like, show death terrible.

5. (sometimes capitalised, countable) A member of descendant of any of various (African, Aboriginal, etc) ethnic groups which typically have dark pigmentation of the skin. (See usage notes above.)
6. (informal) Blackness, the condition of belonging to or being descended from one of these ethnic groups.

7. (billiards, snooker, pool, countable) The black ball.
8. (baseball, countable) The edge of home plate.
9. (Britain, countable) A type of firecracker that is really more dark brown in colour.
10. (informal, countable) Blackcurrant syrup (in mixed drinks, e.g. snakebite and black, cider and black).
11. (in chess and similar games, countable) The person playing with the black set of pieces.

    At this point black makes a disastrous move.

12. (countable) Something, or a part of a thing, which is black.
    • 1644, Kenelm Digby, Two Treatises

      the black or sight of the eye

13. (obsolete, countable) A stain; a spot.
    • 1619, William Rowley, All's Lost by Lust

      defiling her white lawn of chastity with ugly blacks of lust

14. A dark smut fungus, harmful to wheat.
15. (US, slang) Marijuana.

Synonyms

• (colour or absence of light):
  • blackness
• (person):
  • (standard) African American (in the US), Afro-American (in the US), person of African descent
  • (usually derogatory or historical): Negro, colored
  • (derogatory): coon, darkie or darky, nigger

Antonyms

• (colour, dye, pen): white

Derived terms

Descendants

• ? Japanese: ???? (burakku)
• ? Volapük: bläg

Translations

See black/translations § Noun.

Verb

black (third-person singular simple present blacks, present participle blacking, simple past and past participle blacked)

1. (transitive) To make black; to blacken.
   • 1859, Oliver Optic, Poor and Proud; or, The Fortunes of Katy Redburn, a Story for Young Folks [5]

     "I don't want to fight; but you are a mean, dirty blackguard, or you wouldn't have treated a girl like that," replied Tommy, standing as stiff as a stake before the bully.

     "Say that again, and I'll black your eye for you."

   • 1911, Edna Ferber, Buttered Side Down [6]

     Ted, you can black your face, and dye your hair, and squint, and some fine day, sooner or later, somebody'll come along and blab the whole thing.

   • 1922, John Galsworthy, A Family Man: In Three Acts [7]

     I saw red, and instead of a cab I fetched that policeman. Of course father did black his eye.

2. (transitive) To apply blacking to (something).
   • 1853, Harriet Beecher Stowe, The Key to Uncle Tom's Cabin [8]

     […] he must catch, curry, and saddle his own horse; he must black his own brogans (for he will not be able to buy boots).

   • 1861, George William Curtis, Trumps: A Novel [9]

     But in a moment he went to Greenidge's bedside, and said, shyly, in a low voice, "Shall I black your boots for you?"

   • 1911, Max Beerbohm, Zuleika Dobson [10]

     Loving you, I could conceive no life sweeter than hers — to be always near you; to black your boots, carry up your coals, scrub your doorstep; always to be working for you, hard and humbly and without thanks.

3. (Britain, transitive) To boycott, usually as part of an industrial dispute.
   • 2003, Alun Howkins, The Death of Rural England (page 175)

     The plants were blacked by the Transport and General Workers' Union and a consumer boycott was organised; both activities contributed to what the union saw as a victory.

Synonyms

• (make black): blacken, darken, swarten
• (boycott): blackball, blacklist; see also Thesaurus:boycott

Derived terms

Translations

See also

• monochrome
• Appendix:Word formation verb -en noun -ness

References

• black at OneLook Dictionary Search
• black in Keywords for Today: A 21st Century Vocabulary, edited by The Keywords Project, Colin MacCabe, Holly Yanacek, 2018.
• black in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

Further reading

• black on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Black on Wikisource.Wikisource

French

Etymology

Borrowed from English black.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /blak/

Adjective

black (plural blacks)

1. relating to a black person or culture

   Synonym: noir

Noun

black m or f (plural blacks)

1. black person

   Synonym: noir

Middle English

Adjective

black

1. Alternative form of blak

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pæn/
• Homophone: panne
• Rhymes: -æn

Etymology 1

From Middle English panne, from Old English panne, from Proto-West Germanic *pann?, from Proto-Germanic *pann?.

Cognate with West Frisian panne, Saterland Frisian Ponne, Dutch pan, German Low German Panne, Pann, German Pfanne, Danish pande, Swedish panna, Icelandic panna.

Noun

pan (plural pans)

1. A wide, flat receptacle used around the house, especially for cooking.
2. The contents of such a receptacle.
3. A cylindrical receptacle about as tall as it is wide, with one long handle, usually made of metal, used for cooking in the home.
4. (Ireland) A deep plastic receptacle, used for washing or food preparation; a basin.
5. A wide receptacle in which gold grains are separated from gravel by washing the contents with water.
6. (geography, geology) An expanse of level land located in a depression, especially
   1. A pond or lake, considered as the expanse of land upon which the water sits.
   2. (especially South Africa) A dry lake or playa, especially a salt flat.
   3. (South Africa) Synonym of playa lake: a temporary pond or lake in a playa.
   4. Short for salt pan: a flat artificial pond used for collecting minerals from evaporated water.
7. (geology) Short for hardpan: a hard substrate such as is formed in pans.
8. (geology, obsolete South Africa) Synonym of pipe: a channel for lava within a volcano; the cylindrical remains of such channels.
9. Strong adverse criticism.
10. A loaf of bread.
11. (obsolete) The chamber pot in a close stool; (now) the base of a toilet, consisting of the bowl and its support.
12. (slang) A human face, a mug.
    • 1951, William S. Burroughs, in Harris (ed.), Letters 1945–59, Penguin 2009, p. 92:

      Dave and I have parted company, and I hope I never see his junky pan again.

    • 1953, Raymond Chandler, The Long Goodbye, Penguin 2010, page 103:

      This was the kind of operator who would tell you to be there at nine sharp and if you weren't sitting quietly with a pleased smile on your pan when he floated in two hours later on a double Gibson, he would have a paroxysm of outraged executive ability […].

13. (roofing) The bottom flat part of a roofing panel that is between the ribs of the panel.
14. A closed vessel for boiling or evaporating as part of manufacture; a vacuum pan.
15. The part of a flintlock that holds the priming.
    • 1743, Robert Drury, The Pleasant, and Surprizing Adventures of Mr. Robert Drury, during his Fifteen Years Captivity on the Island of Madagascar, London, pp. 95-96,^[1]

      […] he pull’d the Trigger, but Providence being pleas’d to preserve me for some other Purpose, the Cock snapp’d, and miss’d Fire. Whether the Prime was wet in the Pan, or by what other Miracle it was I escap’d his Fury, I cannot say […]
16. The skull, considered as a vessel containing the brain; the brainpan.
17. (figuratively) The brain, seen as one's intellect
    • 14th century, Geoffrey Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales: The Friar's Tale,

      Unto the devil rough and black of hue

      Give I thy body and my pan also."

18. (carpentry) A recess, or bed, for the leaf of a hinge.

Synonyms

• (flat receptacle): frying pan, skillet, cookie sheet, tin
• (tall receptacle): saucepan
• (chamber pot): See Thesaurus:chamber pot
• (toilet): See Thesaurus:toilet

Hyponyms

• (expanse of flat land in a depression): flat

Hypernyms

• (expanse of flat land in a depression): salt pan, salt flat, alkali pan

Derived terms

Descendants

• ?? Irish: panna

Translations

Verb

pan (third-person singular simple present pans, present participle panning, simple past and past participle panned)

1. (transitive) To wash in a pan (of earth, sand etc. when searching for gold).
   • 1875, William Tecumseh Sherman, Memoirs

     We […] witnessed the process of cleaning up and panning out, which is the last process of separating the pure gold from the fine dirt and black sand.

2. (transitive) To disparage; to belittle; to put down; to criticise severely.
3. (intransitive) With "out" (to pan out), to turn out well; to be successful.
4. (transitive, informal, of a contest) To beat one's opposition convincingly.
5. (informal) To criticize harshly a work (like a book, movie, etc.)

Coordinate terms

• (wash in mining): sluice

Translations

See also

• (place to pan for gold): lavatory

Etymology 2

From a clipped form of panorama.

Verb

pan (third-person singular simple present pans, present participle panning, simple past and past participle panned)

1. (intransitive, of a camera, etc.) To turn horizontally.
2. (intransitive, photography) To move the camera lens angle while continuing to expose the film, enabling a contiguous view and enrichment of context. In still-photography large-group portraits the film usually remains on a horizontal fixed plane as the lens and/or the film holder moves to expose the film laterally. The resulting image may extend a short distance laterally or as great as 360 degrees from the point where the film first began to be exposed.
3. (audio) To spread a sound signal into a new stereo or multichannel sound field, typically giving the impression that it is moving across the sound stage.

Coordinate terms

• (of a camera): cant, tilt

Derived terms

• pan and scan
• panner

Translations

See also

• cinema
• cinematography
• portrait
• tripod

Etymology 3

Noun

pan (uncountable)

1. Alternative form of paan

Etymology 4

Compare French pan (“skirt, lappet”), Latin pannus (“a cloth, rag”). Doublet of pagne, pane, and pannus.

Verb

pan (third-person singular simple present pans, present participle panning, simple past and past participle panned)

1. To join or fit together; to unite.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Halliwell to this entry?)

Etymology 5

From Old English. See pane.

Noun

pan (plural pans)

1. A part; a portion.
2. (fortifications) The distance comprised between the angle of the epaule and the flanked angle.
3. A leaf of gold or silver.

Etymology 6

Clipping of pansexual.

Adjective

pan (not comparable)

1. (informal) Pansexual.
   • 2012, Anna Waugh, "Texas got a pansexual legislator", Dallas Voice, Volume 29, Issue 33, 28 December 2012, page 9:

     When she publicly acknowledged that she is pan, it educated citizens near and far on what that sexuality meant and the importance of being proud of who you are.

   • 2013, Alejandra Rodriguez, "Isn't That Bisexual?", Outwrite, Fall 2013, page 7:

     Another anonymous pansexual disclosed, "Sometimes I feel really left out because I'm pan. […] "

   • 2013, Megan Hertner, "Understanding Gender and Sexuality", Grapevine (Huron University College), December 2013, page 19:

     A similar experience is shared by individuals who identify their sexuality as pan, bi or queer.

   • For more quotations using this term, see Citations:pan.

Coordinate terms

• bi, mono

Anagrams

• -nap, ANP, NAP, NPA, PNA, anp, nap

Afrikaans

Etymology

From Dutch pan, from Middle Dutch panne, from Old Dutch *panna, from Latin panna, contraction of patina. The sense “lake, pond” is likely borrowed from or influenced by English pan.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pan/

Noun

pan (plural panne)

1. pan (receptacle)
2. lake or pond; pan

Synonyms

• (lake): meer

Aragonese

Etymology

From Latin p?nis, p?nem.

Noun

pan m

1. bread

References

• Bal Palazios, Santiago (2002) , “pan”, in Dizionario breu de a luenga aragonesa, Zaragoza, ?ISBN

Asturian

Etymology

From Latin p?nis, p?nem.

Noun

pan m (plural panes)

1. bread

Atong (India)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pan/

Etymology 1

Noun

pan (Bengali script ???)

1. tree
2. firewood

Etymology 2

Classifier

pan- (Bengali script ???)

1. used with apparatus, appliances, mechanical and electrical things, cars, bikes, bicycles, mortars and umbrellas

References

• van Breugel, Seino. 2015. Atong-English dictionary, second edition. Available online: https://www.academia.edu/487044/Atong_English_Dictionary.

Bambara

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [pã?]

Verb

pan

1. to fly
2. to jump

References

• 2007. The UCLA Phonetics Lab Archive. Los Angeles, CA: UCLA Department of Linguistics.

Cebuano

Etymology

From Spanish pan (“bread”), from Latin p?nis, from Proto-Indo-European *peh?- (“to feed, to graze”).

Noun

pan

1. bread

Chavacano

Etymology

From Spanish pan (“bread”).

Noun

pan

1. bread

Chuukese

Noun

pan

1. branch (with its leaves)

Czech

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pan/

Noun

pan

1. Alternative form of pán

Usage notes

• This is the form used when followed by a name, title, occupation etc.

Further reading

• pan in Kartotéka Novo?eského lexikálního archivu
• pan in Slovník spisovného jazyka ?eského, 1960–1971, 1989

Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch panne, from Old Dutch *panna, from Latin panna, contraction of patina.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /p?n/
• Hyphenation: pan
• Rhymes: -?n

Noun

pan f (plural pannen, diminutive pannetje n)

1. pan, especially for cooking
2. (Netherlands) cooking pot

   Synonym: pot

Derived terms

Descendants

• Afrikaans: pan
• ? Indonesian: panci

Anagrams

• nap

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /p??/
• Homophones: pans, paon, paons, pend, pends

Etymology 1

From Latin pannus. Doublet of pagne.

Noun

pan m (plural pans)

1. piece, part

   Synonyms: morceau, partie

2. side, face
3. flap, lap (of coat)
4. patch, area, section, sector

Etymology 2

Onomatopoeic.

Interjection

pan

1. bang! (sound of a gun)

2. bam!

Anagrams

• APN

Further reading

• “pan” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Friulian

Etymology

From Latin p?nis, p?nem.

Noun

pan m (plural pans)

1. bread

Galician

Alternative forms

• pão (Reintegrationist)
• pam (Reintegrationist)

Etymology

From Old Galician and Old Portuguese pan, from Latin p?nis, p?nem. Cognate with Portuguese pão.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?pa?/

Noun

pan m (plural pans)

1. (uncountable) bread
   • 1418, Á. Rodríguez González (ed.), Libro do Concello de Santiago (1416-1422). Santiago de Compostela: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 95:

     que façan as paadeiras pan de dineiro que pese seis onças desque for cosido et que seja o dito pan bõo et ben cosido

     the bakers must make bread for a denarius that must weight six ounces once baked and said bread must be good and well baked

2. a piece of bread

   Synonym: peza

3. grain, corn, cereal
   • 1276, M. Lucas Álvarez; P. Lucas Dominguez (eds.), El monasterio de San Clodio do Ribeiro en la Edad Media: estudio y documentos. Sada / A Coruña: Edicións do Castro, page 375:

     et este pan deue a seer qual o Deus der no logar et seer linpo de palla et de poo, d'eruellada et de mosceyra, et deue a seer ben seco et ben linpo et bõõ pan

     and this grain must be that that God gives at that place, and it must be clean of chaff and dust, of vetch and fodder, and it must be well dry and well clean and good grain

   • 1301, X. Ferro Couselo (ed.), A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI. Vigo: Galaxia, page 52:

     A Eluira, I moyo de pan do nouo, de qual ouueren, e I bacoro

     To Elvira, one modius of grain of the new harvest, whichever they happen to have there, and one piglet

4. (by extension) food

Related terms

• empanada
• empanar
• panadaría
• panadeiro
• pantrigo

References

• “pan” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006-2012.
• “pan” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006-2016.
• “pan” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006-2013.
• “pan” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
• “pan” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

Istriot

Etymology

From Latin p?nis, p?nem.

Noun

pan m

1. bread

Japanese

Romanization

pan

1. R?maji transcription of ??

Leonese

Etymology

From Latin p?nis, p?nem.

Noun

pan m

1. bread

References

• AEDLL

Ligurian

Etymology

From Latin p?nis, p?nem.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pa??/

Noun

pan m (invariable)

1. bread

Lombard

Etymology

From Latin p?nis, p?nem.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?pa?/

Noun

pan m (invariable)

1. bread

Malay

Noun

pan

1. grandmother

Mandarin

Romanization

pan

1. Nonstandard spelling of p?n.
2. Nonstandard spelling of pán.
3. Nonstandard spelling of p?n.
4. Nonstandard spelling of pàn.

Usage notes

• English transcriptions of Mandarin speech often fail to distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without the appropriate indication of tone.

Middle English

Etymology 1

From Old English panne.

Noun

pan

1. Alternative form of pane (“pan”)

Etymology 2

From Old French pan, from Latin pannus.

Noun

pan

1. Alternative form of pane (“fabric, fur; a portion”)

Occitan

Etymology

From Old Occitan pan, from Latin p?nis, p?nem.

Noun

pan m (plural pans)

1. bread

Derived terms

• pan cogon

Related terms

• panier

Old French

Etymology

From Latin pannus.

Noun

pan m (oblique plural pans, nominative singular pans, nominative plural pan)

1. bit; piece; part
2. (specifically) a piece of armor

   Et de l'hauberc li runpirent les pans

   They broke apart parts of his armor

References

• Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l'ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IX^e au XV^e siècle (1881) (pan)

Old Portuguese

Etymology

From Latin p?nem, accusative singular form of p?nis.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?pã/

Noun

pan m (plural pães)

1. bread

   • Aquel ?antome […] nunca carne comia nen pan nen bocado / ?e non q[ua]ndo con c?j?a Era Me?turado

     That holy man […] never ate a mouthful of meat nor bread / except when it was mixed with ashes

Descendants

• Fala: pan
• Galician: pan
• Portuguese: pão (see there for further descendants)

Old Spanish

Etymology

From Latin panis.

Noun

pan m (plural panes)

1. bread

Descendants

• Spanish: pan
  • Chavacano: pan
  • ? Cebuano: pan
  • ? Navajo: bááh
• Ladino: pan

Papiamentu

Etymology

From Spanish pan

Noun

pan

1. bread

Pochutec

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish pan.

Noun

pan

1. bread

References

• Boas, Franz (July 1917) , “El Dialecto mexicano de Pochutla, Oaxaca”, in International Journal of American Linguistics (in Spanish), volume 1, issue 1, DOI:10.1086/463709, JSTOR 1263398, pages 9–44

Polish

Etymology

14th c. Unknown etymology. West Slavic word. Perhaps from Proto-Slavic *g?pan?. Cognate to Old Czech hpan, modern Czech pán and pan, Slovak pán and Lower Sorbian pan.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pan/

Noun

pan m pers

1. gentleman, man
2. master, teacher
3. lord
4. Mr, mister

Declension

Pronoun

pan

1. you (polite second person m-personal nominative, it takes verbs as third-person sg form)

   Czy móg?by pan zamkn?? drzwi? – Could you close the door?

Declension

Derived terms

• (adjectives) pa?ski, wspania?y
• (nouns) panek, pani f, panicz m pers, panisko n, panna f, pa?stwo n
• (verbs) panoszy? si?, panowa?

Descendants

• ? Belarusian: ??? (pan)
• ? Lithuanian: põnas
• ? Russian: ??? (pan)
• ? Ukrainian: ??? (pan)
• ? Yiddish: ?????? (pan)

See also

• Appendix:Polish pronouns

Further reading

• pan in Wielki s?ownik j?zyka polskiego, Instytut J?zyka Polskiego PAN
• pan in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Romansch

Alternative forms

• (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Puter) paun
• (Sutsilvan) pàn
• (Surmiran) pang

Etymology

From Latin p?nis, p?nem.

Noun

pan m (plural pans)

1. (Vallader, uncountable) bread
2. (Vallader, countable) loaf of bread

Spanish

Etymology

From Latin p?nis, p?nem whence English pantry and company. Compare Catalan pa, French pain, Galician pan, Italian pane, Portuguese pão, Romanian pâine), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *peh?- (“to feed, to graze”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?pan/, [?pãn]
• Rhymes: -an

Noun

pan m (plural panes)

1. bread

2. bun (e.g. the kinds used for a hamburger or hot dog)
3. (figuratively) money, dough
4. (figuratively) work, job

Hyponyms

Derived terms

Related terms

Descendants

• Chavacano: pan
• ? Cebuano: pan
• ? Navajo: bááh

Further reading

• “pan” in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014.

Venetian

Etymology

From Latin p?nis, p?nem. Compare Italian pane and Neapolitan pane.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pa?/, /pan/

Noun

pan m (plural pani)

1. bread

Welsh

Etymology

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *k?os, *k?is. See also Scottish Gaelic cuin, Latin quando, Proto-Germanic *hwan (“when”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pan/

Conjunction

pan

1. when, while

Mutation

References

Yogad

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish pan (“bread”).

Noun

pan

1. bread

Zou

Adjective

pan

1. thin

References

• Lukram Himmat Singh (2013) A Descriptive Grammar of Zou, Canchipur: Manipur University, page 45