different between animus vs venom

English

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin animus (“the mind, in a great variety of meanings: the rational soul in man, intellect, consciousness, will, intention, courage, spirit, sensibility, feeling, passion, pride, vehemence, wrath, etc., the breath, life, soul”), from Proto-Italic *anamos, from Proto-Indo-European *h?enh?mos, from *h?enh?- (“to breathe”). Closely related to Latin anima, which is a feminine form. Doublet of anima.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?æ.n?.m?s/
• Rhymes: -æn?m?s
• Homophone: animous

Noun

animus (usually uncountable, plural animuses)

1. The basic impulses and instincts which govern one's actions.
2. A feeling of enmity, animosity or ill will.
   • 2005, Christian Science Monitor, April 22

     The current row arose swiftly, sparked both by historical animus and jockeying over future power and place in Asia - and it surprised many observers in the depth of antipathy on both sides.

3. (Jungian psychology) The masculine aspect of the feminine psyche or personality.

Synonyms

• bad blood

Related terms

• anima
• animose
• animosity
• equanimity
• unanimous

Translations

Further reading

• animus in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• animus in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

Anagrams

• A minus, Anusim, amusin', munias, sunami

Esperanto

Verb

animus

1. conditional of animi

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *anamos, from Proto-Indo-European *h?enh?mos, a nominal derivative of *h?enh?- (“breathe”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ?????? (ánemos, “wind, breeze”), Old Armenian ???? (ho?m, “wind”), Old Frisian omma (“breath”), English onde (“breath”) (dialectal), Norwegian ånde (“breath”), and possibly Sanskrit ???? (ánila, “air, wind”); compare also Tocharian B ?ñme (“self; soul”) and Old Armenian ???? (anjn, “person”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /?a.ni.mus/, [?än?m?s?]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /?a.ni.mus/, [???nimus]

Noun

animus m (genitive anim?); second declension

1. That life-giving aspect which animates: life force, soul.

2. The intellectual dimension of a human being (the seat of the rational and other thoughts he/she experiences): mind, intellect.

   Synonym: m?ns
3. The affective dimension of a human being (the seat of the emotions and feelings he/she experiences): heart, spirit, sensibility.

   Synonym: anima

4. The essence of that which is situated within one's affective dimension, or certain particular aspects of one's affective makeup: emotion, feeling; courage, will.

5. The inherent character of a human being: character, temperament; disposition, inclination. (by extension of the affective dimension)

   Synonyms: m?s, dispositi?, incl?n?ti?, temperamentum

6. The instant mental state of a human being: mood, temper.
7. heart, soul (as a term of endearment)
8. (plural) bravado, elation, high spirits.

Declension

Second-declension noun.

Related terms

• anima
• anim?

Derived terms

Descendants

• Old French: ame
  • Middle French: ame
    • French: âme
• Spanish: alma
• ? Catalan: ànim
• ? English: animus
• ? Italian: animo
  • ? Dutch: animo
• ? Portuguese: animus, ânimo
• ? Spanish: ánimo

References

• animus in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• animus in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• animus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book?^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
• animus in Ramminger, Johann (accessed 16 July 2016) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700?^[2], pre-publication website, 2005-2016

Portuguese

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin animus (“the soul, thoughts, intellect, ideas, will, thoughts, courage, etc.; the breath, life”), closely related to anima (“air, breath, spirit, life force”). From Proto-Italic *anamos, from Proto-Indo-European *h?enh?mos, from *h?enh?- (“to breathe”). Doublet of ânimo.

Noun

animus m (uncountable)

1. (Jungian psychology) animus (the masculine aspect of the feminine psyche or personality)

Related terms

• anima

English

Etymology

From Middle English venum, venym, from Anglo-Norman venum, venim, venime, from Old French venim, venin, from Vulgar Latin *ven?men, from Latin ven?num, from Proto-Italic *weneznom (“lust, desire”), from Proto-Indo-European *wenh?- (“to strive, wish, love”); see also Sanskrit ???? (vanati, “gain, wish, erotic lust”) and Latin Venus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?v?n?m/

Noun

venom (countable and uncountable, plural venoms)

1. A poison carried by an animal, usually injected into an enemy or prey by biting or stinging.
   • c. 1610, William Shakespeare, The Winter’s Tale, Act II, Scene 1,^[1]

     […] There may be in the cup

     A spider steep’d, and one may drink, depart,

     And yet partake no venom, for his knowledge

     Is not infected:

   • 1634, John Milton, Arcades in Poems of Mr. John Milton, both English and Latin, London: Humphrey Moseley, Song, p. 54,^[2]

     And from the Boughs brush off the evil dew,

     And heal the harms of thwarting thunder blew,

     Or what the cross dire-looking Planet smites,

     Or hurtfull Worm with canker’d venom bites.

   • 1818, Mary Shelley, Frankenstein, Chapter 20,^[3]

     I will watch with the wiliness of a snake, that I may sting with its venom.

   • 1968, Truman Capote, interview published in Mademoiselle, August 1968,^[4]

     The serious artist […] [is] obsessed by his material; it’s like a venom working in his blood and the art is the antidote.

2. (figuratively) Feeling or speech marked by spite or malice; vitriol.
   • c. 1598, William Shakespeare, Henry V, Act V, Scene 2,^[5]

     The venom of such looks, we fairly hope,

     Have lost their quality, and that this day

     Shall change all griefs and quarrels into love.

   • 1790, Richard Cumberland, The Observer, London: C. Dilly, Volume 5, No. 130, p. 48,^[6]

     […] as I was feasting my jaundiced eye one morning with a certain newspaper, which I was in the habit of employing as the vehicle of my venom, I was startled at discovering myself conspicuously pointed out in an angry column as a cowardly defamer […]

   • 1819, Walter Scott, The Bride of Lammermoor, Chapter 33,^[7]

     “My daughter […] has no occasion to dispute the identity of your person; the venom of your present language is sufficient to remind her that she speaks with the mortal enemy of her father.”

   • 1938, Lawrence Durrell, The Black Book, New York: Open Road, 2012, Book Three,

     History is a study which has none of the venom of reality in it.

   • 2007, Roger Ebert, Your Movie Sucks, Kansas City: Andrews McMeel, Introduction,^[8]

     Some of these reviews were written in joyous zeal. Others with glee. Some in sorrow, some in anger, and a precious few with venom, of which I have a closely guarded supply.

Synonyms

• (poison carried by an animal): atter (archaic, dialectal)

Derived terms

Translations

Verb

venom (third-person singular simple present venoms, present participle venoming, simple past and past participle venomed)

1. (obsolete) To infect with venom; to envenom; to poison.
   • 1566, Thomas Blundeville (translator and editor), The Fower Chiefyst Offices Belongyng to Horsemanshippe, London, Chapter 36,^[9]

     […] washe all the filth away with warme water, and annoynte the place with Hony and Fytch flower myngled together. But beware you touche none of the kirnelles with your bare finger, for feare of venoming the place, which is very apt for a Fistula to breede in.

   • c. 1601, William Shakespeare, Troilus and Cressida, Act V, Scene 3,^[10]

     Let’s leave the hermit pity with our mothers,

     And when we have our armours buckled on,

     The venom’d vengeance ride upon our swords,

     Spur them to ruthful work, rein them from ruth.

   • 1669, John Bunyan, The Holy Citie, or, The New-Jerusalem, London: Francis Smith, Commentary, Chapter 21, Verse 25, pp. 229-230,^[11]

     The Dragon is a venemous beast, and poisoneth all where he lieth; he beats the Earth bare, and venoms it, that it will bear no grass […]

   • 1717, William Stonestreet (translator), “The Story of Ants chang’d to Men” in Samuel Garth (editor), Ovid’s Metamorphoses in Fifteen Books. Translated by the most eminent hands, London: Jacob Tonson, Book 7, p. 239,^[12]

     Our Fountains too a dire Infection yield,

     For Crowds of Vipers creep along the Field,

     And with polluted Gore, and baneful Steams,

     Taint all the Lakes, and venom all the Streams.

Derived terms

• venomer

Adjective

venom (not comparable)

1. (obsolete) Poisonous, poisoned; (figuratively) pernicious.
   • 1594, William Shakespeare, The Rape of Lucrece,^[13]

     Why should the worm intrude the maiden bud?

     Or hateful cuckoos hatch in sparrows’ nests?

     Or toads infect fair founts with venom mud?

   • c. 1595, William Shakespeare, Richard II, Act II, Scene 1,^[14]

     […] it is stopp’d with other flattering sounds,

     As praises, of whose taste the wise are fond,

     Lascivious metres, to whose venom sound

     The open ear of youth doth always listen;

Anagrams

• Venmo

Middle English

Noun

venom

1. Alternative form of venym

Volapük

Noun

venom

1. poison, venom

See also

• venen
• venod