different between ago vs will

English

Alternative forms

• agoe, agon, agone, ygo, ygoe (obsolete)

Etymology

From Middle English ago, agon (“passed”), past participle of agon (“to depart, escape, pass”), from Old English ?g?n (“to go away, pass away, go forth, come to pass”), from Proto-Germanic *uz- (“out”), *g?n? (“to go”), equivalent to a- +? gone. Cognate with German ergehen (“to come to pass, fare, go forth”). Compare also Old Saxon ?gangan (“to go or pass by”), Gothic ???????????????????????????????? (usgaggan, “to go forth”).

Pronunciation

• (General American) enPR: ?-g?', IPA^(key): /???o?/
• (Received Pronunciation) enPR: ?-g?', IPA^(key): /?????/
• Rhymes: -??

Adjective

ago (comparative more ago, superlative most ago)

1. (archaic or dialectal) Gone; gone by; gone away; passed; passed away.

2. (archaic or dialectal) Nearly gone; dead (used in Devonshire at the turn of the 19th century)

Usage notes

• Usually follows the noun.

Adverb

ago (comparative more ago, superlative most ago)

1. before

Postposition

ago

1. Before now.

Derived terms

Translations

See also

• Preposition and postposition on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

References

• G. A. Cooke, The County of Devon
• ago at OneLook Dictionary Search
• ago in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

Anagrams

• AOG, G. O. A., G.O.A., GAO, GOA, Gao, Goa, goa

Albanian

Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish ???? (a?a) (compare Turkish a?a) or Greek ????? (ágios).

Noun

ago m

1. (Gheg, archaic, poetic) god

Esperanto

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?a?o/
• Hyphenation: a?go

Noun

ago (accusative singular agon, plural agoj, accusative plural agojn)

1. act, action

Synonyms

• (action): agado

Derived terms

Ido

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?a?o/

Noun

ago (plural agi)

1. act, action, deed

Synonyms

• (action): agado

Derived terms

Istriot

Etymology

From Latin acus.

Noun

ago m

1. needle

Italian

Etymology

From Latin acus (“needle”), from Proto-Indo-European *h?e?- (“sharp”). Compare Romanian ac.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?a.?o/
• Rhymes: -a?o

Noun

ago m (plural aghi)

1. needle

Related terms

• aguglia (“compass needle”)

Derived terms

• aghetto, aghino (diminutives)
• ago di pino
• agone (augmentative)

Japanese

Romanization

ago

1. R?maji transcription of ??

Karipúna Creole French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /a??o/

Interjection

ago?

1. may I come in?

References

• 1987, Alfred W. Tobler, Dicionário Crioulo Karipúna/Português Português/Crioulo Karípúna, Summer Institute of Linguistics, page 43.

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *ag?, from Proto-Indo-European *h?é?eti.

Cognate with Old Irish aigid, Ancient Greek ??? (ág?, “I lead”), Old Norse aka (“move, drive”), Avestan ????????????????????????? (azaⁱti), Sanskrit ???? (ájati, “to drive, propel, cast”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /?a.?o?/, [?ä?o?]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /?a.?o/, [?????]

Verb

ag? (present infinitive agere, perfect active ?g?, supine ?ctum); third conjugation

1. I act, I behave
   • 405, Jerome and others, Vulgate, Paralipomenon II 32:7

     viriliter agite et confortamini nolite timere nec paveatis regem Assyriorum […]

     "Act strongly and be courageous. Do not fear nor tremble before the king of Assyria"
2. I do

   "Agere...does not express, as facere does, the principle, author, nor a single act of producing; but a series of cares and a continued activity." - Latin Synonyms, with Their Different Significations, etc. by M. J. B. Gardin Dumesnil, Trans. Gosset, London, 1819.

   "Agere, Facere et Gerere hoc differunt, quod agere et corporis, et vocis, et mentis agitatum comprehendit. Facere tantum refertur ad opera, quae corpore efficimus; aliquando et pro consentire ponitur. His enim loquendi modis utebantur recte antiqui: mecum seu tecum faciam, hoc est, mecum seu tecum consentiam. Gerere est muneris et oneris..." - Ausonii Popmae frisii de differentiis verborum cum additamentis ab Hekelii, Richteri, Messerschmidii et Vallaurii, 1865.

   • c. 200 BCE, Plautus Amphitryon 2.1.1

     (AMPHITRYON to SOSIA): age ? t? secundum,

     Direct/literal translation: "Do thou walk after/following (me)!" Functional/colloquial translation: "Come, do follow after me!"

   • 63 B.C.E., Cicero, Catiline Orations (Latin text and English translations here)

     Nihil agis, nihil moliris, nihil cogitas quod non ego non modo audiam sed etiam videam planeque sentiam.

     "You do nothing, you plan nothing, you think of nothing which I not only do not hear, but which I do not see and know every particular of."

3. I make (something that does not continue to exist after the maker stops)
4. I negotiate
5. I effect, accomplish, achieve
6. I treat, I deal
   • (Can we date this quote?) Virgil (in translation), Aeneid Book I, line 575

     Tr?s Tyriusque mih? n?ll? discr?mine ag?tur.

     "Trojan and Tyrian shall be treated by me with no distinction."

7. I act, play, perform (e.g., a role in a play)
8. I perform, transact, conduct, manage (e.g. business, affairs)
9. I administer, direct, guide, govern
10. I drive (sense of providing an impetus for motion), impel, move, push, put in motion
11. I conduct, drive (sense of providing governance to motion)
    • 1877, Sophocles (in translation), Electra, in Aeschyli et Sophoclis: Tragoediae et Fragmenta (Paris: Institutiae Franciae Typographo)

      Intere? Orest?s postr?mus omnium ultim? loc? equ?s ag?bat, in f?ne certam spem vict?riae pon?ns.

      "Meanwhile, Orestes had been driving in last place and holding his horses back, putting his trust in the finish."

12. I discuss, debate, deliberate (used in civil, political and legal contexts)
13. (law) I plead
14. I think upon; I am occupied with
15. I aim at, I get at (generally in the subjunctive mood and preceded by ut, and so meaning: "that I might achieve...")
16. I stir up, excite, cause, induce
17. I lead, drive (e.g., livestock)
18. I chase, pursue
19. I drive at, pursue (a course of action)
20. I rob, steal, plunder, carry off
21. (of time) I pass, spend, lead
22. (of offerings) I slay, kill (as a sacrifice)
23. (of plants) I put forth, sprout, extend
24. (law) I hold (a court)
25. (passive) to go on, to take place, to be at issue

Conjugation

Usage notes

Ago renders a sense of doing or making which is continuative or behavioral. For a sense of a specific instance or occasion of doing or making, see facio. For a sense of doing or making which is yet more continuative, see agito and gero.

According to Döderlein, another difference between ago and facio when they mean "make" is that ago typically has to do with making something that does not continue after the "actor" stops doing the action; whereas with facio, the object continues to exist after the maker has made the thing. In other words, ago is temporal, whereas facio is spacial.

Derived terms

Related terms

Descendants

References

• ago in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• ago in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• ago in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book?^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.

Further reading

• ago in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press

Lolopo

Etymology

From Proto-Loloish *go¹ (Bradley). Cognate with Burmese ?????? (ackui).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?a³³ko³³]

Noun

ago 

1. (Yao'an) elder brother

Samoan

Noun

ago

1. turmeric

Usage notes

Once cooked, it is called lega.

Võro

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)Related to Estonian agu.

Noun

ago (genitive ao, partitive ako)

1. twilight

Inflection

Derived terms

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /w?l/, [w??]
• Rhymes: -?l

Etymology 1

From Middle English willen, wullen, wollen, from Old English willan (“to want”), from Proto-West Germanic *willjan, from Proto-Germanic *wiljan?, from Proto-Indo-European *welh?- (“to choose, wish”).

Cognate with Dutch willen, Low German willen, German wollen, Swedish and Norwegian Nynorsk vilja, Norwegian Bokmål ville, Latin velle (“wish”, verb) and Albanian vel (“to satisfy, be stuffed”). The verb is not always distinguishable from Etymology 3, below.

Alternative forms

• vill, weel (pronunciation spelling)
• wil, wille, woll, wyll (obsolete)

Verb

will (third-person singular simple present will, present participle willing, simple past would, no past participle)

1. (now uncommon or literary, transitive) To wish, desire (something). [chiefly 9th-19th c.]
   • And behold, there came a leper and worshipped him, saying, Lord if thou wilt, thou canst make me clean.

   • 1944, FJ Sheed, translating St. Augustine, Confessions:

     Grant what Thou dost command, and command what Thou wilt.

2. (now rare, intransitive) To wish or desire (that something happen); to intend (that). [9th-19th c.]
   • c. 1450, The Macro Plays:

     If thou wilt fare well at meat and meal, come and follow me.

   • 1526, William Tyndale, trans. Bible, Matthew XXVI:

     the disciples cam to Jesus sayinge unto hym: where wylt thou that we prepare for the to eate the ester lambe?

   • see God's goodwill toward men, hear how generally his grace is proposed, to him, and him, and them, each man in particular, and to all. 1 Tim. ii. 4. "God will that all men be saved, and come to the knowledge of the truth."

3. (auxiliary) To habitually do (a given action). [from 9th c.]
   • 1994, Nelson Mandela, Long Walk to Freedom, Abacus 2010, page 28:

     As young men will, I did my best to appear suave and sophisticated.

   • 2009, Stephen Bayley, The Telegraph, 24 Sep 09:

     How telling is it that many women will volunteer for temporary disablement by wearing high heeled shoes that hobble them?

   • 2011, "Connubial bliss in America", The Economist:

     So far neither side has scored a decisive victory, though each will occasionally claim one.

4. (auxiliary) To choose to (do something); used to express intention but without any temporal connotations (+ bare infinitive), often in questions and negation. [from 10th c.]

5. (auxiliary) Used to express the future tense, sometimes with some implication of volition when used in the first person. Compare shall. [from 10th c.]
   • 1602, William Shakespeare, Twelfth Night, or What You Will, act IV:

     Good fool, as ever thou wilt deserve well at my hand, help me to a candle, and pen, ink and paper : as I am a gentleman, I will live to be thankful to thee for’t.

   • 1845, Alexandre Dumas, The Count of Monte Cristo, chapter LXXIII:

     “I will go to you, and we will fly; but from this moment until then, let us not tempt Providence, let us not see each other. It is a miracle, it is a providence that we have not been discovered. If we were surprised, if it were known that we met thus, we should have no further resource.”

6. (auxiliary) To be able to, to have the capacity to. [from 14th c.]

7. (auxiliary) Expressing a present tense with some conditional or subjective weakening: "will turn out to", "must by inference". [from 15th c.]
   • 2007, Edward Jesko, The Polish:

     “That will be five zloty.” I reached into my pocket and came up with some coins.

   • 2012, Penny Freedman, All The Daughters:

     Unless she diverted on the ten minute walk home, she’ll have got home at about half past.

8. (archaic) To go.
   • c. 1606, William Shakespeare, Macbeth

     I’ll to England.

Usage notes

• Historically, will was used in the simple future sense only in the second and third person, while shall was used in the first person. Today, that distinction is almost entirely lost, and the verb takes the same form in all persons and both numbers. Similarly, in the intent sense, will was historically used with the second and third person, while shall was reserved for the first person.
• The present tense is will and the past tense is would. Early Modern English had a past participle would which is now obsolete.

  Malory: ‘Many tymes he myghte haue had her and he had wold’. John Done: ‘If hee had would, hee might easily [...] occupied the Monarchy.’

• Formerly, will could be used elliptically for "will go" — e.g. "I'll to her lodgings" (Marlowe).
• See the usage note at shall.
• The present participle does not apply to the uses of will as an auxiliary verb.
• The form of will with the enclitic -n’t (or the present tense negative form of will in the analysis in which -n’t is an inflectional suffix) is won’t (“will not”) (rather than the form that would be expected based on a regular application of -n't, willn’t), while the corresponding form of the past tense would is wouldn’t.

Translations

See also

• Appendix:English modal verbs
• Appendix:English tag questions

Etymology 2

From Middle English wille, from Old English willa (“mind, will, determination, purpose, desire, wish, request, joy, delight, pleasure”) (compare verb willian), from Proto-Germanic *wiljô (“desire, will”), from Proto-Indo-European *welh?- (“to choose, wish”). Cognate with Dutch wil, German Wille, Swedish vilja, Norwegian vilje.

Alternative forms

• wille (obsolete)

Noun

will (plural wills)

1. One's independent faculty of choice; the ability to be able to exercise one's choice or intention. [from 9th c.]

2. One's intention or decision; someone's orders or commands. [from 9th c.]

3. The act of choosing to do something; a person’s conscious intent or volition. [from 10th c.]
4. (law): A formal declaration of one's intent concerning the disposal of one's property and holdings after death; the legal document stating such wishes. [from 14th c.]
5. (archaic) That which is desired; one's wish. [from 10th c.]
   • 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, III.ii:

     I auow by this most sacred head / Of my deare foster child, to ease thy griefe, / And win thy will [...].

6. (archaic) Desire, longing. (Now generally merged with later senses.) [from 9th c.]

Usage notes

• For example a strong will, free will, or independent will.

Synonyms

• (law): last will, last will and testament, testament

Derived terms

Translations

Etymology 3

From Middle English willen, from Old English willian (“to will”), from Proto-West Germanic *willj?n (“to will”), from Proto-Indo-European *welh?- (“to choose, wish”). Cognate with German Low German willen, German willen. The verb is not always distinguishable from Etymology 1, above.

Verb

will (third-person singular simple present wills, present participle willing, simple past and past participle willed or (rare) would)

1. (transitive, intransitive) To instruct (that something be done) in one's will. [from 9th c.]
2. (transitive) To bequeath (something) to someone in one's will (legal document). [from 15th c.]

4. (transitive) To exert one's force of will (intention) in order to compel, or attempt to compel, something to happen or someone to do something. [from 10th c.]
   • Send for music, / And will the cooks to use their best of cunning / To please the palate.

Synonyms

• (bequeath): bequeath, leave

Translations

See also

• bequeath
• going to
• modal verb
• testament
• volition
• voluntary

Cahuilla

Etymology

From Proto-Uto-Aztecan *wip

Noun

wíll

1. fat, grease

German

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /v?l/

Verb

will

1. first/third-person singular present of wollen