different between afford vs deign

English

Alternative forms

• afoord, affoord, affoard, affowrd (all obsolete)

Etymology

From Middle English afforthen, aforthen, avorthien, from earlier iforthen, iforthien, ?eforthien, from Old English forþian, ?eforþian (“to further, accomplish, afford”), from Proto-Germanic *furþ?n?, from Proto-Germanic *furþ? (“forth, forward”), equivalent to a- +? forth. Cognate with Old Norse forða (“to forward oneself, save oneself, escape danger”), Icelandic forða (“to save, rescue”).

Pronunciation

• (General American) enPR: ?-f?rd?, IPA^(key): /??fo?d/, /??f??d/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /??f??d/
• (rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger) IPA^(key): /??fo(?)?d/
• (non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger) IPA^(key): /??fo?d/
• Rhymes: -??(?)d

Verb

afford (third-person singular simple present affords, present participle affording, simple past and past participle afforded)

1. To incur, stand, or bear without serious detriment, as an act which might under other circumstances be injurious;—with an auxiliary, as can, could, might, etc.; to be able or rich enough.

   • “[…] We are engaged in a great work, a treatise on our river fortifications, perhaps? But since when did army officers afford the luxury of amanuenses in this simple republic? […]”
2. To offer, provide, or supply, as in selling, granting, expending, with profit, or without loss or too great injury.

3. To give forth; to supply, yield, or produce as the natural result, fruit, or issue.

4. To give, grant, or confer, with a remoter reference to its being the natural result; to provide; to furnish.

Usage notes

• Sense 1. This is a catenative verb that takes the to infinitive. See Appendix:English catenative verbs

Derived terms

• affordable
• affordance
• offer affordances

Translations

English

Etymology

From Middle English deignen, from Old French deignier (“consider worthy”), from Latin d?gn?, d?gn?r? (“consider worthy”), from d?gnus (“worthy”). Cognate to dignity and French daigner.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /de?n/
• Rhymes: -e?n
• Homophones: Dane

Verb

deign (third-person singular simple present deigns, present participle deigning, simple past and past participle deigned)

1. (intransitive) To condescend; to do despite a perceived affront to one's dignity.

   He didn't even deign to give us a nod of the head; he thought us that far beneath him.

2. (transitive) To condescend to give; to do something.
3. (obsolete) To esteem worthy; to consider worth notice.
   • c. 1590, William Shakespeare, “The Two Gentlemen of Verona”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: Printed by Isaac Iaggard and Ed[ward] Blout, plublished 1623, ?OCLC, [Act I, scene i], page 21, column 1:

     Go, go, be gone, to ?aue your Ship from wrack, / Which cannot peri?h hauing thee aboarde, / Being de?tin’d to a drier death on ?hore?: / I mu?t goe ?end ?ome better Me??enger, / I fear my Iulia would not daigne my lines, / Receiuing them from ?uch a worthle??e po?t.

Related terms

• deem
• dignity

See also

• condescend
• spare
• suffer

Translations

Anagrams

• Edgin, digne, dinge, gnide, nidge