different between accumulate vs infer

English

Etymology

• First attested in the 1520's.
• Borrowed from Latin accumul?tus, perfect passive participle of accumul? (“amass, pile up”), formed from ad (“to, towards, at”) + cumul? (“heap”), from cumulus (“a heap”).

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /??kju?mj??le?t/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /?.?kjum.j?.?le?t/
• Hyphenation: ac?cu?mu?late

Verb

accumulate (third-person singular simple present accumulates, present participle accumulating, simple past and past participle accumulated)

1. (transitive) To heap up in a mass; to pile up; to collect or bring together (either literally or figuratively)

   Synonyms: amass, heap, hoard, store; see also Thesaurus:pile up

2. (intransitive) To grow or increase in quantity or number; to increase greatly.

   Synonyms: aggregate, amound, collect, gather; see also Thesaurus:accumulate
3. (education, dated) To take a higher degree at the same time with a lower degree, or at a shorter interval than usual.

Translations

Adjective

accumulate (not comparable)

1. (poetic, rare) Collected; accumulated.

Related terms

• accumulation
• accumulator
• cumulus

Further reading

• accumulate in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• accumulate in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

Italian

Verb

accumulate

1. second-person plural present indicative of accumulare
2. second-person plural imperative of accumulare
3. feminine plural of accumulato

Latin

Etymology

From accumul? (“amass, pile up”)

Adverb

accumul?t? (comparative accumul?tius, superlative accumul?tissim?)

1. abundantly, copiously

Synonyms

• abundanter

Related terms

• accumulator
• accumul?

References

• accumulate in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• accumulate in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• accumulate in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• accumulate in Ramminger, Johann (accessed 16 July 2016) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700?^[1], pre-publication website, 2005-2016
• Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, 1st edition. (Oxford University Press)

English

Etymology

From Latin infer?, from Latin in- (“in, at, on; into”) + Latin fer? (“bear, carry; suffer”) (cognate to Old English beran, whence English bear), from Proto-Italic *fer?, from Proto-Indo-European *b?éreti (“to bear, carry”), from the root *b?er-. Literally “carry forward”, equivalent to “bear in”, as in concluding from a premise.

Pronunciation

• (General American) IPA^(key): /?n?f?/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?n?f??/
• Rhymes: -??(?)

Verb

infer (third-person singular simple present infers, present participle inferring, simple past and past participle inferred)

1. (transitive) To introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence. [from 16th c.]
   • 2010, "Keep calm, but don't carry on", The Economist, 7 Oct 2010:

     It is dangerous to infer too much from martial bluster in British politics: at the first hint of trouble, channelling Churchill is a default tactic for beleaguered leaders of all sorts.

2. (transitive) To lead to (something) as a consequence; to imply. (Now often considered incorrect, especially with a person as subject.) [from 16th c.]
   • a. 1535, Thomas More, letter to Fryth

     the fyrste parte is not the proofe of the second. but rather contrarywyse the seconde inferreth well y? fyrst.

3. (obsolete) To cause, inflict (something) upon or to someone. [16th-18th c.]
   • 1596, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, VI.8:

     faire Serena […] fled fast away, afeard / Of villany to be to her inferd […].

4. (obsolete) To introduce (a subject) in speaking, writing etc.; to bring in. [16th–18th c.]

Usage notes

There are two ways in which the word "infer" is sometimes used as if it meant "imply". "Implication" is done by a person when making a "statement", whereas "inference" is done to a proposition after it had already been made or assumed. Secondly, the word "infer" can sometimes be used to mean "allude" or "express" in a suggestive manner rather than as a direct "statement". Using the word "infer" in this sense is now generally considered incorrect. [1] [2]

Synonyms

• assume, conclude, deduce, educe, construe

Related terms

• inferable
• inference
• illative
• illation
• -ferous (-iferous)

Translations

Anagrams

• -frine, Finer, finer, frine

Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /?in.fer/, [???f?r]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /?in.fer/, [?inf?r]

Verb

?nfer

1. second-person singular present active imperative of ?nfer?

References

• infer in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• infer in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette