different between abstinence vs abstain

English

Alternative forms

• abstinency

Etymology

From Middle English abstinence, from Old French abstinence, from Latin abstinentia, from abstin?ns, present participle of abstine? (“I withhold”). Equivalent to abstain +? -ence.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?æb.st?.n?ns/

Noun

abstinence (countable and uncountable, plural abstinences)

1. The act or practice of abstaining, refraining from indulging a desire or appetite. [First attested around 1150 to 1350.]
   • 1665, John Dryden, The Indian Emperour

     Penance, fasts, and abstinence, / To punish bodies for the soul's offense.

   Complete abstinence is easier than perfect moderation. (Can we date this quote by Augustine of Hippo and provide title, author’s full name, and other details?)St Augustine

   1. Specifically, the practice of abstaining from intoxicating/alcoholic beverages; total abstinence; teetotalism). [First attested around 1150 to 1350.]
   2. Specifically, the practice of abstaining from sexual intercourse, either permanently or until marriage. [First attested around 1150 to 1350.]
   3. (ecclesiastical) Abstention from certain foods on days of penitential observance. [First attested around 1150 to 1350.]
2. The practice of self-denial; self-restraint; forebearance from anything. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]
3. (obsolete) Self-denial; abstaining; or forebearance of anything. [First attested around 1150 to 1350.]
4. (business) Delay of spending to accrue capital.

Translations

See also

• abstention
• continence
• asexual

References

• abstinence in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.

French

Etymology

From Middle French abstinence, from Old French abstinence, borrowed from Latin abstinentia.

Pronunciation

Noun

abstinence f (plural abstinences)

1. abstinence (act or practice of abstaining)
2. abstinence (specifically act or practice of abstaining from alcohol)
3. abstinence (specifically act or practice of abstaining from sexual relations)

Related terms

• abstinent
• abstenir
• abstention

Further reading

• “abstinence” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Middle French

Etymology

From Old French abstinence.

Noun

abstinence f (plural abstinences)

1. abstinence (act or practice of abstaining)

Descendants

• French: abstinence

Old French

Alternative forms

• abstinance, astenance, astinence, austinance, austinence

Etymology

From Latin abstinentia; later modified to bring it in line with the Latin etymon.

Noun

abstinence f (oblique plural abstinences, nominative singular abstinence, nominative plural abstinences)

1. abstinence (act or practice of abstaining)

Descendants

• Middle English: abstinence
  • English: abstinence
• Middle French: abstinence
  • French: abstinence

English

Etymology

First attested around 1380. From Middle English absteynen, absteinen, abstenen, from Old French astenir, abstenir, from Latin abstine? (“to hold oneself back”) from abs- (“from”) + tene? (“I hold”). See also tenable.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?b?ste?n/
• (US) IPA^(key): /?b?ste?n/, /æb?ste?n/
• Rhymes: -e?n

Verb

abstain (third-person singular simple present abstains, present participle abstaining, simple past and past participle abstained)

1. (transitive, reflexive, obsolete) Keep or withhold oneself. [Attested from around 1350 to 1470 until the mid 16^th century.]
2. (intransitive) Refrain from (something or doing something); keep from doing, especially an indulgence. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]
   • 22 May 1948, United Nations, Security Council Resolution 49

     The Security Council […] calls upon all Governments and authorities, without prejudice to the rights, claims or positions of the parties concerned, to abstain from any hostile military action in Palestine and to that end to issue a cease-fire order to their military and paramilitary forces
3. (intransitive, obsolete) Fast (not eat for a period). [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]
4. (intransitive) Deliberately refrain from casting one's vote at a meeting where one is present. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]

5. (transitive, obsolete) Hinder; keep back; withhold. [Attested from the early 16^th century until the mid 17^th century.]

Usage notes

• (keep or withhold oneself): Followed by the word from or of.
• (refrain from something): Followed by the word from.

Conjugation

Synonyms

• deny oneself
• forbear
• forgo
• give up
• refrain
• relinquish
• withhold

Derived terms

• abstainer
• abstention
• abstainment

Related terms

• abstinence
• abstinent

Translations

References

Anagrams

• Bastian, banitsa

Indonesian

Etymology

From English abstain, from Middle English absteynen, absteinen, abstenen, from Old French astenir, abstenir, from Latin abstine? (“to hold oneself back”) from abs- (“from”) + tene? (“I hold”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ap?stain/
• Hyphenation: ab?stain

Verb

abstain

1. to abstain:
   1. (politics) to deliberately refrain from casting one's vote at a meeting where one is present.
   2. (medicine) to refrain from (something or doing something), to fast.

      Synonym: puasa

Further reading

• “abstain” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Daring, Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 2016.