different between absence vs absent

English

Alternative forms

• abs.

Etymology

From Middle English absence, from Old French absence, ausence, from Latin absentia, from abs?ns (“absent”), present active participle of absum (“I am away or absent”), from ab (“from, away from”) + sum (“I am”).

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /?æb.s(?)n?s/, /?æb.s(?)n?ts/
• (General American)
  • IPA^(key): /?æb.s(?)n?s/, /?æb.sn?ts/
  • (in the medical sense) IPA^(key): /?æbs?ns/, /æb?s?ns/

Noun

absence (usually uncountable, plural absences)

1. A state of being away or withdrawn from a place or from companionship

2. The period of someone being away. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]
3. Failure to be present where one is expected, wanted, or needed; nonattendance; deficiency. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]
4. Lack; deficiency; nonexistence. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]
   • 1826, James Kent, Commentaries on American Law

     in the absence of higher and more authoritative sanctions the ordinances of foreign states, the opinions of eminent statesmen, and the writings of distinguished jurists, are regarded as of great consideration on questions not settled by conventional law

5. Inattention to things present; abstraction (of mind). [First attested in the early 18^th century.]

   • Reflecting on the little absences and distractions of mankind.
6. (medicine) Temporary loss or disruption of consciousness, with sudden onset and recovery, and common in epilepsy. [First attested in the mid 20^th century.]
7. (fencing) Lack of contact between blades.

Synonyms

• missingness

Antonyms

• (state of being away): presence
• (lack, deficiency, nonexistence): existence, possession, sufficiency

Derived terms

• absence makes the heart grow fonder

Related terms

• absent
• absentee
• absenteeism
• absential

Translations

References

Anagrams

• casbene

Czech

Etymology

From French absence, from Latin absentia, from abs?ns (“absent”), present active participle of absum (“I am away or absent”), from ab (“of, by, from”) + sum (“I am”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?aps?nt?s?]

Noun

absence f

1. absence

Declension

Related terms

• See esence

Further reading

• absence in P?íru?ní slovník jazyka ?eského, 1935–1957
• absence in Slovník spisovného jazyka ?eského, 1960–1971, 1989

Danish

Etymology

From French absence.

Noun

absence c (singular definite absencen, plural indefinite absencer)

1. (medicine) petit mal

Inflection

Synonyms

• petit mal

References

• “absence” in Den Danske Ordbog

French

Etymology

From Latin absentia, from abs?ns (“absent”), present active participle of absum (“I am away or absent”), from ab (“of, by, from”) + sum (“I am”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ap.s??s/

Noun

absence f (plural absences)

1. absence (state of being absent or withdrawn)

Derived terms

Related terms

• absent

Descendants

• ? Czech: absence
• ? Danish: absence
• ? German: Absence
• ? Luxembourgish: Absence

Further reading

• “absence” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Middle English

Etymology

From Old French absence, ausence, from Latin absentia, from abs?ns (“absent”), present active participle of absum (“I am away or absent”), from ab (“of, by, from”) + sum (“I am”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ab?s?ns(?)/

Noun

absence (plural absences)

1. Being away or elsewhere; absence.
2. Nonattendance or nonexistence; failure to appear.

Related terms

• absent

Descendants

• English: absence
• Scots: absence

References

• Stratmann, Francis Henry; Henry Bradley (First published 1891) A Dictionary of Middle English?^[2], London: Oxford University Press, published 1954, page 3

English

Alternative forms

• abs.

Etymology 1

From Middle English absent, from Middle French absent, from Old French ausent, and their source, Latin absens, present participle of absum (“to be away from”), from ab (“away”) + sum (“to be”).

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?æb.sn?t/
• (US) IPA^(key): /?æb.sn?t/, enPR: ?b's?nt

Adjective

absent (comparative absenter, superlative absentest)

1. (not comparable) Being away from a place; withdrawn from a place; not present; missing. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]
2. (not comparable) Not existing; lacking. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]

3. (sometimes comparable) Inattentive to what is passing; absent-minded; preoccupied. [First attested in the early 18^th century.]

Antonyms

• present

Related terms

• absence
• absentee
• absenteeism
• absentia, in absentia

Translations

Noun

absent (plural absents)

1. (with definite article) Something absent, especially absent people collectively; those who were or are not there. [from 15th c.]
   • 1772, Frances Burney, Journals & Letters, Penguin 2001, 30 May:

     The Applause he met with exceeds all belief of the Absent.

   • 1947, Cecil Day Lewis, Poetic Image:

     That very sense of longing, of yearning for the absent, which 'nostalgia' conveys to us now.

2. (obsolete) An absentee; a person who is not there. [15th–19th c.]

Preposition

absent

1. In the absence of; without; except. [First attested in the mid 20^th century.]

Translations

Etymology 2

From Middle English absenten, from Old French absenter, from Late Latin absent?re (“keep away, be away”).

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /æb?s?nt/, enPR: ?bs?nt'
• (US) IPA^(key): /æb?s?nt/

Verb

absent (third-person singular simple present absents, present participle absenting, simple past and past participle absented)

1. (reflexive) To keep (oneself) away.
   • This work was strictly voluntary, but any animal who absented himself from it would have his rations reduced by half.

2. (transitive, archaic) To keep (someone) away. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]
3. (intransitive, obsolete) Stay away; withdraw. [Attested from around 1350 to 1470 until the late 18^th century.]
4. (transitive, rare) Leave. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]

Translations

References

Anagrams

• Basnet, Batens, abnets, basnet, besant

Catalan

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin abs?ns, abs?ntem. Doublet of ausent.

Pronunciation

• (Balearic) IPA^(key): /?p?sent/
• (Central) IPA^(key): /?p?sen/
• (Valencian) IPA^(key): /ap?sent/

Adjective

absent (masculine and feminine plural absents)

1. absent

   Antonym: present

Related terms

• absència

Further reading

• “absent” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin abs?ns, abs?ntem. Compare the popular form ausent.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ap.s??/

Adjective

absent (feminine singular absente, masculine plural absents, feminine plural absentes)

1. absent
2. absent-minded

Derived terms

• aux abonnés absents
• absent le chat, les souris dansent

Related terms

• absence

Noun

absent m (plural absents)

1. absentee; missing person

Further reading

• “absent” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Anagrams

• basent

German

Pronunciation

Adjective

absent (not comparable)

1. absent, not present
2. absent-minded

Declension

Norman

Etymology

From Old French ausent, relatinized on the model of its ancestor, Latin abs?ns (“absent, missing”), present active participle of absum, abesse (“be away, be absent”).

Adjective

absent m

1. (Jersey) absent

Derived terms

• absemment (“absently”)

Romanian

Etymology

From French absent, Latin abs?ns, abs?ntem.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ab?sent/, /ap?sent/

Adjective

absent m or n (feminine singular absent?, masculine plural absen?i, feminine and neuter plural absente)

1. absent

   Antonym: prezent

Related terms

Further reading

• absent in DEX online - Dic?ionare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)